Despite previous reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs and cats worldwide, the type of swab sample used for its detection through RT-qPCR needs to be better compared and described. Accordingly, as ...part of a multicenter study in Brazil, the aim of the present study was to assess which rectal or oropharyngeal swabs would be more appropriate for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in cats and dogs, through viral load comparison. Pets of owners diagnosed with COVID-19 in the last 7 days were eligible. A total of 148 animals from four of the five Brazilian geographical regions were analyzed, among which 10/48 cats (20.83%) and 11/100 dogs (11.00%) were positive. The results suggested that oropharyngeal swabs should be considered for SARS-CoV-2 detection, particularly in cats, due to the higher cDNA viral load. Also, the genomic results showed similarities between SARS-CoV-2 animal variants and human variants that were circulating at the time of sampling, thus corroborating the existence of zooanthroponotic transmission. In conclusion, the present study highlighted the importance of SARS-CoV-2 monitoring among cats and dogs, as virus modification may indicate the possibility of mutations in animals and spillover back to owners. Thus, positive individuals should always self-isolate from their pets during COVID-19, to prevent trans-species transmission and mutation.
Carnivores such as cats and minks are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Brazil is a global COVID-19 hot spot and several cases of human-to-cat transmission have been documented. We investigated the ...spread of SARS-CoV-2 by testing 547 domestic cats sampled between July-November 2020 from seven states in southern, southeastern, and northeastern Brazil. Moreover, we investigated whether immune responses elicited by enzootic coronaviruses affect SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats. We found infection with significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers against the Gamma variant of concern, endemic in Brazil during 2020, than against an early SARS-CoV-2 B.1 isolate (p<0.0001), validating the use of Gamma for further testing. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Brazilian cats during late 2020 validated by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT
) was 7.3% (95% CI, 5.3-9.8). There was no significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in cats between Brazilian states, suggesting homogeneous infection levels ranging from 4.6% (95% CI, 2.2-8.4) to 11.4% (95% CI, 6.7-17.4; p=0.4438). Seroprevalence of the prototypic cat coronavirus Feline coronavirus (FCoV) in a PRNT
was high at 33.3% (95% CI, 24.9-42.5) and seroprevalence of Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) was low at 1.7% (95% CI, 0.2-5.9) in a PRNT
. Neutralizing antibody titers were significantly lower for FCoV than for SARS-CoV-2 (p=0.0001), consistent with relatively more recent infection of cats with SARS-CoV-2. Neither the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (p=0.6390), nor SARS-CoV-2 infection status were affected by FCoV serostatus (p=0.8863). Our data suggest that pre-existing immunity against enzootic coronaviruses neither prevents, nor enhances SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats. High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence already during the first year of the pandemic substantiates frequent infection of domestic cats and raises concerns on potential SARS-CoV-2 mutations escaping human immunity upon spillback.
The emerging concerns regarding the new Coronavirus's ability to cause infection in pets has led to animal testing and worrisome findings reported all over the world in domesticated and wild animals. ...This study aimed to investigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in dog and cat samples with the clinical presentation for respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in Brazil.
One hundred and twenty-five samples were collected from 12 states of Brazil that originated from the gastrointestinal, upper respiratory tract, and other sites, including some pools of samples from before the onset of the pandemic including blood and/or urine samples. They were tested for RT-PCR detection of respiratory or gastrointestinal pathogens through Respiratory or Diarrhea RT-PCR Panels in the TECSA (Tecnologia em Saninade Animal - Animal Health Technology) Veterinary Medicine Laboratory. This work was conducted in compliance with ethical standards.
Seven different microorganisms that can cause respiratory and/or gastrointestinal clinical signs were detected in cats (Feline Coronavirus FCoV, Feline Parvovirus, Feline Leukemia Virus, Feline Calicivirus,
,
spp., and
spp.) and three in dogs (canine distemper virus,
spp., and
spp.).
Although the samples corresponded to the beginning of coronavirus disease-19 spread in Brazil and clinically correlated with the expected viral replication sites, none of the animals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; reassuringly, four cats tested positive or FCoV none of them were positive for SARS-CoV2. The epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in pets is considered a one health issue, important for monitoring the disease evolution, spread and minimizing the animal-human health impacts, and directing Public Health Policies.
Despite worldwide case reports, including Brazilian cases, no frequency study on infection of pets by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been conducted to date in ...Brazil. Accordingly, the present study was aimed to assess dogs and cats belonging to positive owners in Recife, Northeastern Brazil.
This was a longitudinal prospective study on dogs and cats in the city of Recife whose owners were in isolation at home due to a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 through reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Oral and rectal swabs from the pets were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific RNA by means of RT-qPCR.
Among the pets tested, 0/16 dogs and 2/15 cats were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, the two positive cats were owned by two unrelated asymptomatic veterinary students, which, therefore, post a warning to veterinarians worldwide.
The findings herein indicate that cats may act as sentinels for human cases, particularly sharing households with asymptomatic human cases. Although with small sampling and convenient recruiting, the presence of infected cats by SARS-CoV-2 was most likely due to close cat-human contact with positive owners, posting a human-animal health threat when pets share the same bed and interact with owners without protection, particularly during owner self-isolation. Thus, infected owners should follow the same human preventive guidelines with their pets to avoid spreading infection.
Com o objetivo da caracterização da ocorrência de "red leg" em Minas Gerais, avaliaram-se rãs jovens e adultas que apresentavam úlceras nas patas e dedos, derrame hemorrágico na pele da região ...ventral, incoordenação motora, altas taxas de mortalidade em adultos e abscessos hepáticos à necropsia. No cultivo de fragmentos de pele lesada e abscessos, foi isolado e identificado Aeromonas hydrophila. O efeito bactericida do VANTOCIL IB® foi superior ao permanganato de potássio, determinado pela concentração inibitória mínima para colónias isoladas.With the objective of characterizating lhe ocurrence of "red leg" in Minas Gerais, Brazill, young and adult frogs which presented in theirpads and limbs hemorragie in the skin of the ventral region, incordination, high death rate in adults and hepatic abscess at necropsy, have been evaluated. In fragment culture ofdamage skin and abscess, Aeromonas. hydrophila hás been isolated and identified. The bactericidal effect of VANTOCIL IB® was higher than that of potassium permanganate, as determinated by the minimal inhibitory concentration for isolated colonies.
Com o objetivo da caracterização da ocorrência de "red leg" em Minas Gerais, avaliaram-se rãs jovens e adultas que apresentavam úlceras nas patas e dedos, derrame hemorrágico na pele da região ...ventral, incoordenação motora, altas taxas de mortalidade em adultos e abscessos hepáticos à necropsia. No cultivo de fragmentos de pele lesada e abscessos, foi isolado e identificado Aeromonas hydrophila. O efeito bactericida do VANTOCIL IB® foi superior ao permanganato de potássio, determinado pela concentração inibitória mínima para colónias isoladas.
Com o objetivo da caracterização da ocorrência de "red leg" em Minas Gerais, avaliaram-se rãs jovens e adultas que apresentavam úlceras nas patas e dedos, derrame hemorrágico na pele da região ...ventral, incoordenação motora, altas taxas de mortalidade em adultos e abscessos hepáticos à necropsia. No cultivo de fragmentos de pele lesada e abscessos, foi isolado e identificado Aeromonas hydrophila. O efeito bactericida do VANTOCIL IB® foi superior ao permanganato de potássio, determinado pela concentração inibitória mínima para colónias isoladas.
With the objective of characterizating lhe ocurrence of "red leg" in Minas Gerais, Brazill, young and adult frogs which presented in theirpads and limbs hemorragie in the skin of the ventral region, incordination, high death rate in adults and hepatic abscess at necropsy, have been evaluated. In fragment culture ofdamage skin and abscess, Aeromonas. hydrophila hás been isolated and identified. The bactericidal effect of VANTOCIL IB® was higher than that of potassium permanganate, as determinated by the minimal inhibitory concentration for isolated colonies.
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