The approaches we are using presently with social-emotional learning (SEL) curricula are not truly meeting the needs of our students. SEL programs have proven successful in many areas of mental and ...social wellbeing but fall short of their intended goals of promoting social warmth and human relationships. The literature suggests that minoritized students consistently report issues with perceptions of fit in the classroom environment, and these perceptions have known negative effects on academic and social outcomes. Current SEL curricula largely reflect White, middle class, American beliefs and values, perpetuating the negative social arrangements of disenfranchisement and marginalization. There is a significant need to reframe SEL curriculum development to remove this majority influence and encourage school stakeholders to challenge existing social inequities. SEL curricula have the potential to be key elements in creating more equitable school communities by more effectively addressing discrimination and prejudice through their frames of reference and the skills they help students and other stakeholders develop. Future research, actionable items and recommendations regarding how to adapt current SEL curricula are also discussed.
Impact Statement
Current social-emotional learning (SEL) continues to perpetuate systems of oppression and fails to meet the needs of our minoritized student populations (Black/indigenous/people of color, LGBTQ+, dis/abled, immigrant, etc.). The school psychologist is integral in helping to facilitate the shift in the focus of SEL from "fixing" the deficits of individual students to focusing on the social contexts and social systems that affect the entire classroom, school, and community in order to more effectively meet the needs of minoritized student populations.
Summary
The thrombopoietin receptor agonist romiplostim is approved for second‐line use in chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but its effects in patients with ITP for ≤1 year are not well ...characterized. This analysis of pooled data from 9 studies included patients with ITP for ≤1 year (n = 311) or >1 year (n = 726) who failed first‐line treatments and received romiplostim, placebo or standard of care. In subgroup analysis by ITP duration, patient incidences for platelet response at ≥75% of measurements were higher for romiplostim ITP ≤1 year: 74% (204/277); ITP >1 year: 71% (450/634) than for placebo/standard of care ITP ≤1 year: 18% (6/34); ITP >1 year: 9% (8/92). Of patients with ≥9 months on study, 16% with ITP ≤1 year and 6% with ITP >1 year discontinued romiplostim and maintained platelet counts ≥50 × 109/l for ≥6 months without ITP treatment (treatment‐free remission). Independent of ITP duration, rates of serious adverse events and bleeding were lower with romiplostim than placebo/standard of care and thrombotic events occurred at similar rates. In this analysis, romiplostim and placebo/standard of care had similar safety profiles and romiplostim increased platelet counts in patients with either ITP ≤1 year or ITP >1 year, with more treatment‐free remission in those with ITP ≤1 year.
Microbiota are found in highly organized and complex entities, known as biofilms, the characteristics of which are fundamentally different from microbes in planktonic suspensions. Root canal ...infections are biofilm mediated. The complexity and variability of the root canal system, together with the multi-species nature of biofilms, make disinfection of this system extremely challenging. Microbial persistence appears to be the most important factor for failure of root canal treatment and this could further have an impact on pain and quality of life. Biofilm removal is accomplished by a chemo-mechanical process, using specific instruments and disinfecting chemicals in the form of irrigants and/or intracanal medicaments. Endodontic research has focused on the characterization of root canal biofilms and the clinical methods to disrupt the biofilms in addition to achieving microbial killing. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of microbial biofilms in endodontics and review the literature on the role of root canal disinfectants and disinfectant-activating methods on biofilm removal.
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐based therapy is a promising strategy for bone repair. Furthermore, the innate immune system, and specifically macrophages, plays a crucial role in the differentiation and ...activation of MSCs. The anti‐inflammatory cytokine Interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) converts pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages into a tissue regenerative M2 phenotype, which enhances MSC differentiation and function. We developed lentivirus‐transduced IL‐4 overexpressing MSCs (IL‐4 MSCs) that continuously produce IL‐4 and polarize macrophages toward an M2 phenotype. In the current study, we investigated the potential of IL‐4 MSCs delivered using a macroporous gelatin‐based microribbon (μRB) scaffold for healing of critical‐size long bone defects in Mice. IL‐4 MSCs within μRBs enhanced M2 marker expression without inhibiting M1 marker expression in the early phase, and increased macrophage migration into the scaffold. Six weeks after establishing the bone defect, IL‐4 MSCs within μRBs enhanced bone formation and helped bridge the long bone defect. IL‐4 MSCs delivered using macroporous μRB scaffold is potentially a valuable strategy for the treatment of critical‐size long bone defects.
This paper introduces a novel modeling approach that allows to obtain fast simulations of pulsewidth-modulated dc-dc switched-mode power supplies (SMPS). The proposed methodology combines the use of ...precise switched models during transient evolutions and averaged models during steady-state or slowly varying conditions. In that way, the resulting mixed modeling approach enables to obtain the detailed switching behavior of SMPS in the context of long-term simulations. The commutation between models is automatically performed in runtime by an algorithm that detects the transient or slowly varying condition according to the evolution of some model variables. When the precise switched model is used, the mentioned algorithm also adjusts the averaged model parameters so that its results are accurate irrespective of the operating point. This paper also describes the implementation of the methodology in the Modelica language and reports simulation experiments showing that the results are as accurate as those obtained using precise switched models, but several times faster.
Conditions are derived for ultimate boundedness of voltage stabilization and reactive power balancing in electrical microgrids with voltage (E-Q) droop control and distributed secondary control ...loops. This paper shows that under a bound on the load reactive power demand, an ultimate bound set and its associated region of attraction can be computed for the deviation of the microgrid voltages with respect to their nominal values. The proposed approach employs a nonlinear model of the microgrid, departing from prevailing analyses of stability in microgrids with secondary controllers, typically based on linearization around equilibrium points. The obtained ultimate bounds serve as a performance measure guaranteeing tight voltage regulation under large variations of the load reactive power demand. We illustrate the results with examples of microgrids having different complexity, including a subnetwork of the CIGRE benchmark representing a medium-voltage rural distribution network.
The purpose of the current study was to conduct a qualitative and experimental analysis of a culturally informed police safety skills training for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The ...current study focused primarily on meeting the unique training needs of Black adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A single case design was used to evaluate the initial efficacy and acceptability of a culturally responsive training method. Preliminary evidence about the physiological ramifications of police contact were also collected to begin to examine the broader behavioral and psychophysiological nature of youth’s experiences. The current experimental design included in-person simulated contexts that youth, and caregivers, endorsed as relevant to their normal lives, which greatly strengthened the ecological validity of the approach.
The purpose of this literature review on curriculum-based measurement in mathematics (CBM-M) was to update and extend the Foegen et al. (2007) progress monitoring in mathematics review. We included ...99 studies focused on at least one of the three stages of CBM research (i.e., one point in time screening, repeatedly over time progress monitoring, and instructional utility) in mathematics for students in preschool through Grade 12. The results of this review indicated that researchers have increased the amount of research conducted at the early mathematics and secondary levels; however, many studies focused on the stages of CBM research are still conducted at the elementary level. The results also demonstrated that most studies (k = 85; 85.9%) were focused on Stage 1, with fewer studies reporting results related to Stage 2 (k = 40; 40.4%) and Stage 3 (k = 5; 5.1%). The results of this literature review also underscore that although considerable growth has been achieved in the past 15 years in CBM-M development and reporting, next steps in research include a focus on investigating the uses of CBM-M for progress monitoring and instructional decision making.
According to the current World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid Tumours, follicular lymphoma is subclassified into three grades according to the number of centroblasts. Follicular ...lymphoma grade 3 can be further divided into types A and B. Almost all available genetic data on grade 3B follicular lymphomas have been generated from tumors with an additional diffuse large B-cell lymphoma component. The purely follicular type of follicular lymphoma grade 3B is a rare neoplasm.
We performed a detailed immunohistochemical (CD10, IRF4/MUM1, BCL2, Ig light chains) and genetic (translocations of BCL2, BCL6, MYC, IRF4) characterization of the largest series of purely follicular cases of grade 3B follicular lymphoma available to date, comprising 23 tumor samples. We also included 25 typical grade 1 or 2 follicular lymphomas, 9 follicular lymphomas with large centrocytes and/or high proliferation indices (FL/LCC), 12 cases of follicular lymphoma grade 3A, 16 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/follicular lymphoma grade 3B and 15 follicular lymphomas in which a straightforward distinction between grades 3A and 3B was not possible.
Translocations affecting BCL2 and BCL6 genes are rare in grade 3B follicular lymphomas (2/23, 9% and 4/23, 17%) when compared with grade 1 or 2 follicular lymphomas (22/25, 88%, P<0.001 and 0/25, P<0.05), FL/LCC (7/9, 78%, P<0.001 and 2/9, 22%), grade 3A follicular lymphomas (7/12, 58%, P<0.01 and 2/12, 17%), unclassified grade 3 follicular lymphomas (6/15, 40% and 2/15, 13%) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/follicular lymphoma grade 3B (2/16, 13% and 8/16, 50%, P<0.05). MYC translocations were detected occasionally in FL/LCC, follicular lymphoma grade 3B, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/follicular lymphoma grade 3B (13%-22%), but not in grade 1, 2 or 3A follicular lymphomas (P<0.05 when compared with follicular lymphoma grade 3B). Both follicular lymphoma grade 3B and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/follicular lymphoma grade 3B were enriched in samples with a CD10(-)IRF4/MUM1(+) immunophenotype (8/19, 42% and 7/16, 44%), with the vast majority of them lacking BCL2 translocations. In contrast, 42/46 grade 1 or 2 follicular lymphomas, FL/LCC and grade 3A follicular lymphomas were CD10(+) (91%) while 0/46 expressed IRF4/MUM1. None of the tumor samples tested with increased IRF4/MUM1-expression harbored a translocation of the IRF4 gene locus.
Our results show that grade 3B follicular lymphomas form a distinct category of follicular lymphomas with infrequent BCL2 and BCL6 translocations, while grades 1, 2 and 3A follicular lymphomas and FL/LCC display homogeneous features with frequent BCL2 translocations and a CD10(+)IRF4/MUM1(-) immunophenotype.
PDF
