RESUMO O presente artigo aborda as distinções e as aproximações entre as elaborações de Gramsci e Lukács acerca do princípio educativo. Problematizou-se a possibilidade de o trabalho ser ou não um ...princípio educativo, como base de um projeto político-pedagógico emancipador. Para tanto, realizou-se uma leitura imanente das obras:Para a Ontologia do Ser Social, volume 14, de Georg Lukács;Cadernos do Cárcere, volumes 11, 12 e 22, e algunsEscritos Políticos, de Antônio Gramsci. Como resultados da pesquisa, o princípio educativo, que tenha como desígnio fundamentar um sistema educacional pautado no desenvolvimento integral dos seres sociais, foi defendido como formação humana.
ABSTRACT This article addresses the distinctions and approximations between Gramsci and Lukács’ elaborations about the educational principle. The possibility of work being or not an educational principle was questioned, as the basis of an emancipatory political-pedagogical project. For that, an immanent reading of the works was carried out: The Ontology of the Social Being (TOSB), volume 14, by Georg Lukács; Prison Notebooks, volumes 11, 12 and 22, and some Selections from Political Writings, by Antonio Gramsci. As a result of the research, the educational principle, which aims to ground an educational system based on the integral development of social beings, was defended as a human formation.
Resumo A região do Nordeste do Brasil - NEB possui 1.561.177,8 km2, destes aproximadamente 61,7% constitui o Semiárido brasileiro, formando um território especial com médias anuais de temperaturas ...entre 23 °C e 27 °C, de precipitações inferiores a 800 mm e umidade relativa em torno de 50% e altas taxas de evaporação da ordem de 2.000 mm ano-1, o que torna o NEB bastante afetado pela variabilidade da maioria das variáveis climáticas. A precipitação e a temperatura do ar na superfície constituem variáveis meteorológicas vitais no ciclo hidrológico, além de suas influências nas atividades humanas, possuem forte influência na manutenção da cobertura vegetal e consequentemente no ecossistema natural de uma região. Esse estudo investigou a correlação existente entre as variáveis climáticas e variáveis relacionadas à precipitação e temperatura do ar na superfície, com a cobertura vegetal da região utilizando o índice de Vegetação de Diferença Normalizada - NDVI, índice de condição da vegetação - VCI e o índice de Condição de Temperatura - TCI. Foi investigado como esses índices VCI, TCI e NDVI respondem a temperatura do ar medida em alguns municípios do estado do Ceará: Fortaleza - região de elevado desenvolvimento urbano; Jaguaruana - característica rural e Campos Sales - Sertão Central. Foram utilizados dados de sensoriamento remoto (NOAA-NESDIS) em uma série histórica (1982 a 2015) e classificado em: períodos sazonais, períodos decenais e anos de contrastes climáticos (La Niña, El Niño e Condições Normais). Os dados foram trabalhados em rotinas FORTRAN e GrADS (Grid Analysisand Display System). Os resultados obtidos mostraram correlação positiva entre os índices analisados (NDVI, VCI e TCI) na região semiárida do NEB. Quando analisadas outras áreas da região NEB com maiores índices de precipitações, os resultados não foram tão perceptíveis. O monitoramento do estresse térmico sazonal e interanual nas sub-regiões semiáridas do NEB, leste do NEB e sul do NEB foi bastante significativo e favoreceu as regiões com baixos índices de precipitações indicando que o VCI, TCI e NDVI podem ser utilizados para monitoramento de secas, porém esses índices podem obter diferentes resultados e ruídos quando avaliados separadamente ou em regiões com altas taxas de precipitação. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi usado para correlacionar a temperatura do “Ar” da superfície medida nas estações dos municípios de Fortaleza, Jaguaruana e Campos Sales com os índices de TCI e VCI médios e demonstrou uma Forte Correlação (0,80). A partir do teste t-Student foi extraído o coeficiente crítico de correlação (rc), que demonstrou grande significância 95% com os dados observados, comprovando que o TCI e VCI podem ser indicativos de condição de estresse na vegetação desses municípios, pois possui uma forte correlação com as variáveis meteológicas analisadas.
Abstract The Northeast region of Brazil - NEB has 1,561,177.8 km2, of which approximately 61.7% constitutes the Brazilian semiarid, forming a special territory with annual temperature averages between 23 °C and 27 °C, with rainfall below 800 mm and relative humidity around 50% and high evaporation rates in the order of 2,000 mm year-1, which makes NEB very affected by the variability of most climatic variables. The loss and temperature of the air on the surface extinguished vital meteorological conditions in the hydrological cycle, in addition to its influences on human activities, has a strong influence on the maintenance of vegetation cover and consequently on the natural ecosystem of a region. This study investigated the existing correlation between climatic variables and variables related to the exclusion and temperature of the surface air, with the vegetation cover of the region using the Normalized Difference Vegetation index - NDVI, vegetation condition index - VCI and the Temperature Condition Index - TCI. It was investigated how these VCI, TCI and NDVI indices measured the air temperature in some municipalities in the state of Ceará: Fortaleza - region of high urban development; Jaguaruana - rural characteristic and Campos Sales - Sertão Central. Remote sensing data (NOAA-NESDIS) was used in a historical series (1982 to 2015) and classified into: seasonal periods, ten-year periods and years of climatic contrasts (La Niña, El Niño and Normal Conditions). The data were processed in FORTRAN and GrADS (Grid Analysisand Display System) routines. The results of the positive trend between the positive indices (NDVI, VCI and TCI) in the semi-arid region of NEB. When analyzing other areas of the NEB region with higher precipitation rates, the results were not as noticeable. The monitoring of seasonal and interannual thermal stress in the semi-arid sub-regions of the NEB, east of the NEB and south of the NEB was quite significant and favored the regions with low levels of precipitation indicating that the VCI, TCI and NDVI can be used for monitoring droughts , however, these indices can obtain different results and noise when supplied or in regions with high graduation rates. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to correlate the “Air” temperature of the surface measured at stations in the cities of Fortaleza, Jaguaruana and Campos Vendas with the mean TCI and VCI indexes and that Strong Correlation (0.80). From the t-Student test the critical correlation coefficient (rc) was extracted, which has a 95% significance with the observed data, proving that the TCI and VCI can be indicative of stress conditions in the cities vegetation, as it has a strong correlation with the meteorological variables analyzed.
Resumo Esse estudo teve por objetivo investigar a inter-relação entre a variabilidade de índices de vegetação (NDVI - índice de Vegetação de Diferença Normalizada, VCI - índice de condição da ...vegetação) e temperatura (TCI - índice de Condição de Temperatura) sobre o Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando dados de sensoriamento remoto, banco de dados NOAA-NESDIS, obtidos na série histórica de 1982 a 2011. Foram feitas algumas inferências acerca da variação desses índices de vegetação e temperatura, associada as mudanças climáticas, em períodos sazonais e anos de contrastes climáticos sob a influência de El Niños, La Niñas e condições Normais do Pacífico. Os dados de saída das compilações das rotinas Fortran foram disponibilizados em gráficos e gerados pelo software GrADS (Grid Analysis and Display System). Os resultados mostraram forte correlação positiva entre os indices de NDVI associado ao VCI e TCI na região semiárida do NEB. Esse resultado foi devido aos percentuais de precipitação baixos que esta região possui, tornando mais evidente a forte relação destes índices de vegetação e temperatura no semiárido do NEB. Já para outras áreas da região do NEB que possuem maiores índice de precipitação, a relação entre o NDVI e a precipitação não foi tão evidente neste estudo.
Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the interrelation between vegetation index variability (NDVI - Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, VCI - vegetation condition index) and temperature (TCI - Temperature Condition Index). on the Northeast of Brazil, using remote sensing data, NOAA-NESDIS database, obtained in the historical series from 1982 to 2011. Some inferences were made about the variation of these indices of vegetation and temperature, associated with climatic changes, in periods seasonal and in years of climatic contrasts under the influence of El Niños, La Niñas and Pacific Normal Conditions. The output data of the compilations of the Fortran routines were made available in graphs and generated by the GridS (Grid Analysis and Display System) software. The results showed a strong positive correlation between NDVI indices associated with IVC and TCI in the NEB semi-arid region. This result is due to the low percentages of precipitation that this region possesses, being thus more evident the strong relation with these indices of vegetation and temperature in the NEB semi-arid. As for other areas of the NEB region that have the highest precipitation index, the relationship between NDVI and precipitation was not as evident in this study.
Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) is ...an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham (only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel (MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury, increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios (axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment.
RESUMO A dificuldade de aplicação da Lei nº 12.990/2014 nas universidades federais tem chamado atenção da comunidade científica. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo buscou compreender como se deu sua ...implementação na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. As informações foram coletadas diretamente no site de concurso da instituição. Como resultado, foi possível identificar que a combinação do racismo institucional com a ideologia do mérito impediu a adequada aplicação da norma. Por outro lado, também pode identificar-se a não observância dos dispositivos legais existentes que garantem a máxima eficácia da norma. A gramática do racismo institucional segue por caminhos muito precisos e a contratação de apenas um docente negro demonstra seu vetor.
ABSTRACT The difficulties of implementing Law No. 12990/2014 in federal universities have been calling the attention of the scientific community. In this regard, the present study sought to understand how its implementation took place at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. The information was collected directly from the institution’s tender website. As a result, it was possible to identify that the combination of institutional racism and the ideology of merit prevented the proper application of the norm. On the other hand, the non-observance of the existing legal provisions that guarantee the maximum effectiveness of the norm can also be seen. The grammar of institutional racism follows precise tracks and the hiring of only one black faculty member demonstrates its vector.
Sobre Fazer Ver Uma Vida Machado, Leila Domingues; Almeida, Laura Paste de; Santos, João José Gomes dos
Revista Polis e Psique,
07/2019, Volume:
3, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Este texto nasceu de uma pesquisa desenvolvida sobre as coisas que passam sobre a pele da cidade que, por sua vez, discute os modos contemporâneos de subjetivação tramados em meio ao urbano. No ...cotidiano de pesquisa fomos interpelados a narrar histórias de vidas com as quais fomos encontrando no percurso e, além disso, fomos impelidos a dar a ver uma vida. Pois falar não é ver. Neste sentido é discutida a utilização de imagens como dispositivo agenciador de encontros, como estratégia que carrega a potência de desmanchar formas endurecidas de viver e possibilitar outros modos de existir. Versamos também sobre a interface entre o contar uma vida e a construção de narrativas imagética que transborda os limites entre o escrito, o falado e o que se dá a ver.
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•Future impacts of LULC and climate on the streamflow and erosion by new approaches.•SWAT model was applied to estimate future runoff-erosion.•Future climate data generated using GCM ...coupled to regional circulation model.•The methodology contextualizes potentially significant hydrological changes.•The changes may impact the sustainability of water resources management.
Water management in the Caatinga/Atlantic forest ecotone in Brazil is critically dependent on better understanding of potential future changes in streamflow and sediment dynamics. This paper evaluates both the future impacts of land use and land cover (LULC) changes and the impacts of climate change on the streamflow and sediment yield in the Tapacurá River basin in northeastern Brazil, using a novel combination of approaches. Projected climate data derived using global circulation model HadGEM2-ES were coupled to regional circulation model ETA-CPTEC/HadCM3 for two representative concentration pathways (RCP 4.5 and 8.5), with bias correction. Two future LULC scenarios were generated: (a) optimistic (current LULC), and (b) pessimistic (land use change trends continue), using the multilayer perceptron algorithm (MP). The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to estimate future streamflow and erosion for different periods (2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2099). The SWAT model was calibrated for period of 1995–2003 and validated for 2004–2013. The results showed good accuracy in relation to R2, NSE and PBIAS for the calibration and validation of the runoff, as well as for the verification of the sediment yield. Simulations indicated significant increases in erosion for the pessimistic scenario under RCP 8.5, followed by the pessimistic scenario and RCP 4.5. Lower sediment yields occurred for the optimistic and RCP 8.5, with lower still for the optimistic and RCP 4.5. However, the latter estimates are still considerably higher than baseline conditions. Although higher flows are found for some scenarios, the increases in sediment yield have serious implications for reservoir siltation and storage reduction. Despite modeling uncertainty, the results demonstrate that the proposed methodology has promising scope to contextualize potentially significant regional hydrological changes which have implications for land and biodiversity management and the sustainability of water resources in the Caatinga/Atlantic forest ecotone.
Studies conducted among populations of tropical countries have reported high prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Information resulting from meta-analyses on the spatial ...distribution of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in tropical countries is still rare. The aim of this review was investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the Brazilian population. Observational studies were searched in eight electronically databases. Additionally, theses and dissertations and abstracts were screened. Details on study design, methods, population, mean and data on serum concentrations of vitamin D in different age groups in Brazil were extracted. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and choropleth maps were created based on the geopolitical regions of the country. 72 published paper met the inclusion criteria. The mean vitamin D concentration among the Brazilian population between 2000 and 2017 of 67.65 nmol/L (95% CI: 65.91, 69.38 nmol/L).The prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 28.16% (95% CI: 23.90, 32.40) and 45.26% (95% CI: 35.82, 54.71), respectively, for the Brazilian population. The highest prevalence of deficiency were observed in the southern and southeastern regions and the highest occurrence of vitamin D insufficiency was among the populations of the southeastern and northeastern regions. Finally, there are high prevalence of inadequate vitamin D concentrations among the population, regardless of age group in Brazil. The development of vitamin D food fortification policies in needs to be cautious and carefully planned.
Na atual conjuntura de crise estrutural do capital, são impostas aos países pobres políticas de ajustes socioeconômicos ao atendimento das exigências de sustentabilidade do chamado “mundo ...globalizado”. Nesse sentido, os organismos internacionais, sobretudo a partir de 1990, passaram a eleger a educação como principal estratégia, estabelecendo paradigmas e diretrizes através de um amplo programa de Educação para Todos (EPT), que atrela o cumprimento de metas educacionais à superação das desigualdades sociais. Assim sendo, busca-se, na presente exposição, desvelar as indicações desse programa de EPT para a profissão docente e suas implicações para o curso de pedagogia no Brasil. Pautado na perspectiva da ontologia marxiano-lukacsiana, o estudo em tela, de natureza bibliográfica e documental, parte do exame de declarações e relatórios de EPT, bem como das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o curso de pedagogia, aprovadas em 2006. Asseveramos que as reformas educacionais e, consequentemente, a formação do professor da educação básica, mormente as de cunho curricular dos cursos de pedagogia, estão condicionadas às metas de EPT, idealizadas pelo Banco Mundial via seus organismos internacionais, que atribuem importante papel à docência, tendo em vista a universalização e qualidade da educação básica nos países pobres, a exemplo do Brasil.
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