In this paper we propose a new version of the backstepping control technique, named Lyapunov-Function-Free, for the stabilization of nonlinear systems expressed in strict feedback form. The main ...characteristic of this technique, in contrast with classic backstepping, is that it avoids the construction of a Lyapunov function at each iteration for the calculation of the controller. The result is a state feedback law that achieves uniform asymptotic stabilization of the system. Simulation tests and comparisons with other backstepping-based methods are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Several side effects have been strongly associated with antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients. Among them, the lipodystrophy syndrome which presents alterations in body shape with central adipose ...hypertrophy and peripheral lipoatrophy, reported by patients as a visible marker identifying them as HIV patients. This manuscript presents an analysis of current literature regarding the psychosocial aspects of HIV patients with lipodystrophy associated with antiretroviral therapy. The results show that the alterations in body shape can be disturbing in terms of psychosocial well being, affecting quality of life and increasing the stigma associated with the disease, with consequent disturbances in social relations. This analysis provides a preliminary review of the psychosocial aspects of lipodystrophy and further studies are needed for a better understanding of this complex syndrome, which could provide new information to be used in nursing care for HIV patients affected by this problem.
Several side effects have been strongly associated with antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients. Among them, the lipodystrophy syndrome which presents alterations in body shape with central adipose ...hypertrophy and peripheral lipoatrophy, reported by patients as a visible marker identifying them as HIV patients. This manuscript presents an analysis of current literature regarding the psychosocial aspects of HIV patients with lipodystrophy associated with antiretroviral therapy. The results show that the alterations in body shape can be disturbing in terms of psychosocial well being, affecting quality of life and increasing the stigma associated with the disease, with consequent disturbances in social relations. This analysis provides a preliminary review of the psychosocial aspects of lipodystrophy and further studies are needed for a better understanding of this complex syndrome, which could provide new information to be used in nursing care for HIV patients affected by this problem.Varios efectos secundarios han sido fuertemente asociados con la terapia antiretroviral en pacientes con HIV. Entre ellos, el síndrome de la lipodistrofia se presenta con alteraciones en la forma del cuerpo con hipertrofia adiposa central y lipoatrofia periférica, las cuales son reportadas por pacientes como marcas visibles que los identifica como pacientes con VIH. En este manuscrito, presentamos un análisis de literatura actual con respecto a los aspectos psicosociales de pacientes con VIH presentándose con lipodistrofia asociado con la terapia antiretroviral. Los resultados demuestran que las alteraciones de la forma del cuerpo pueden ser inquietantes en lo que se refiere al bienestar psicosocial, afectando la calidad de vida y aumentando el estigma asociado con la enfermedad, con las consiguientes dificultades en las relaciones sociales. Este análisis provee un repaso preliminar de los aspectos psicosociales de la lipodistrofia; sin embargo, otros estudios son necesarios para entender mejor este complejo síndrome, proveyendo nueva información para ser utilizada en el cuidado de enfermería para pacientes con VIH que están afectados por este problema.Diversos efeitos colaterais têm sido associados à terapia anti-retroviral em portadores da infecção pelo HIV, dentre esses, a síndrome da lipodistrofia apresentando hiperlipidemia e alterações na forma do corpo, com hipertrofia adiposa central e lipoatrofia periférica, relatada pelos pacientes como um visível marcador para a identificação de portadores da infecção pelo HIV. Este estudo consiste em análise da produção científica sobre aspectos psicossociais em portadores da infecção pelo HIV que apresentam lipodistrofia associada à utilização da terapia anti-retroviral. Os resultados mostram que alterações corporais podem ser suficientemente perturbadoras para o bem-estar psicossocial, afetando a qualidade de vida e aumentando o estigma da doença, ocasionando perturbações nas relações sociais. Esta revisão possibilita uma análise preliminar dos aspectos psicossocias da lipodistrofia; entretanto, outros estudos são necessários para o melhor entendimento desta complexa síndrome, trazendo novas informações a serem utilizadas no cuidado de enfermagem a portadores da infecção pelo HIV afetados por este problema.
5G led to a digital revolution for networks by leveraging virtualisation
techniques to manage software-based network functions through provided standard
interfaces, which have matured recently for ...cloud infrastructure that is widely
employed across domains and sectors. This undiscovered potential to adequately
respond to concurrent and specialised traffic demands is promising for a wide
spectrum of industries. Moreover, it exposes the networking ecosystem to
prospects beyond the traditional value chain. However, the configuration,
deployment and operation of a 5G network are challenging. Thus, different
scientific and research entities have built their own open, evolvable and
updateable testbed infrastructure that can be used for experimentation
purposes. Such testbeds enable different stakeholders to integrate new systems
or features exploiting new technologies, assess the performance of innovative
services, and customise operation policies to find optimal setups from a
cost-effective perspective. Furthermore, federations of infrastructure allow
for wider and more complex experiments to be performed in distributed domains.
However, numerous technical and procedural obstacles exist during the building
of 5G network testbeds. In addition, some technical barriers persist despite
the testing of alternatives and ongoing efforts within open-source systems and
commercial equipment portfolios. All these limitations and challenges are
relevant for experimenters and stakeholders as they attempt to determine the
scope of 5G set expectations.
Longitudinal studies of trial courts Munger, Frank; Friedman, Lawrence M; Sanders, Joseph ...
Law & society review,
01/1990, Volume:
24, Issue:
2
Journal Article
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