All patients undergoing breast reconstruction with free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flaps from February 1989 to November 1992 were registered into a computerized database and ...followed prospectively. There were 211 free TRAM flap breast reconstructions in 163 patients; 48 reconstructions were bilateral. A muscle split technique was used in 108 of 211 reconstructions (51%). Total flap loss occurred in 3 of 211 reconstructions for a success rate of 99%. Complications occurred in 81 of 211 reconstructions (38%). Fat necrosis or partial flap loss occurred in 15 of 211 (7%). Hernia or bulge occurred in 11 patients (5%). The bulge/hernia rate tended to be lower in the muscle split group (4 of 108 4%) than in those who did not have muscle split procedures (7 of 103 7%), whereas the fat necrosis rate was slightly higher in the former group (9 of 108 8%) than in the latter (6 of 103 6%). Neither difference was statistically significant. However, patients who currently or previously smoked cigarettes did have a significantly higher incidence of fat necrosis: 12 of 99 smokers (12%) had fat necrosis compared with 3 of 112 nonsmokers (3%; p = 0.02).
The monoindenyl titanium tribromide (η
5-C
9H
7)TiBr
3 (
1), has been prepared from the interaction of TiBr
4 and Bu
3SnC
9H
7. The monomethyl species (η
5-C
9H
7)Ti(CH
3)Br
2 (
2), and (η
5-C
9H
...7)Ti(CH
3)Cl
2 (
3), have been efficiently prepared from the interaction of the trihalides with AlMe
3. Complexes
1 and
2 represent rare examples of organotitanium bromides, and all three compounds are likely to be of interest in the context of homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysis. All three complexes have been characterized by
1H and
13C NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray crystallography. These analyses reveal that the indenyl complexes exhibit a three-legged piano stool geometry in which the indenyl ligands are bound to the metal centers in an η
5 fashion. Crystal data for
1: (
T=103 K), molecular formula, C
9H
7TiBr
3, crystal system: monoclinic, space group
P2
1/
n, with
a=7.155(1),
b=12.682(1),
c=12.216(1) Å,
β=97.92°,
V=1097.97 Å
3,
Z=4;
2: (
T=103 K), molecular formula, C
10H
10TiBr
2, crystal system: triclinic, space group
P1̄, with
a=7.142(1),
b=12.501(1),
c=7.117(1) Å,
α=105.70(1),
β=115.81(1),
γ=88.21(1)°,
V=547.91 Å
3,
Z=2;
3: (
T=110 K), molecular formula, C
10H
10TiCl
2, crystal system: orthorhombic, space group
Pcab, with
a=11.539(3),
b=12.593(3),
c=14.327(4) Å,
V=2081.84 Å
3,
Z=8.
The sixth chapter joins William Alston, Merőid Westphal, and Anthony Steinbock in arguing against William James's reduction of religious experience to the realm of private feeling; the notion of ...inconspicuous evidence allows for an element of paradox concerning the question of warrant in religious experience. Alvis then suggests that such forgetfulness operates in the way that the act of faith recedes into the background of the life of faith, an experience he likens to the way the car recedes into the background while driving. From time to time, technical books dealing with such fields as mathematics, physics, anthropology, and the social sciences will be reviewed in this section, if it is thought that they might be of special interest to philosophers.
Primary total hip arthroplasty using an uncemented AML porous coated femoral component and a bipolar acetabular component was performed on 50 consecutive patients with degenerative arthritis. Of the ...50 patients, 43 (48 hips) were available for review at 2 to 3 years follow up. The data obtained in this review suggest that total hip arthroplasty using this prosthesis provides a consistently reliable hip replacement with few related complications and a high patient satisfaction rate. A stable radiographic appearance of both the femoral and acetabular components can be expected.
Electron-capture dissociation (ECD) has been shown to be a valuable tool for peptide analysis and protein identification, as well as for the characterization of protein posttranslation modifications. ...ECD has several inherent advantages over traditional collision-induced dissociation (CID) that make it exceptionally useful for such studies. It tends to restrict cleavage to N-Cα bonds along the peptide backbone, leaving posttranslational modifications intact and available for mass spectral evaluation.
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