There is an increasing interest in quality-of-life/well-being research in hospitality and tourism. The goal of this paper is to further promote the development and use of quality-of-life/well-being ...concepts in the discipline by reviewing seven major theories of quality of life and well-being (and their application in hospitality and tourism based on the research that I and my colleagues have conducted over the years) and suggesting future avenues of research. The theories discussed are self-congruity theory, self-expressiveness theory, bottom-up spillover theory, leisure benefits theory, goal theory, need hierarchy theory, and broaden-and-build theory.
Positive balance Sirgy, M. Joseph
Quality of life research,
07/2019, Volume:
28, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
An attempt is made in this paper to provide the community of health-related quality-of-life scholars with a hierarchical perspective of positive mental health guided by the concept of positive ...balance. Specifically, individuals with positive mental health are characterized to experience: (1) a preponderance of neurochemicals related to positive emotions (dopamine, serotonin, etc.) relative to neurochemicals related to negative emotions (cortisol), at a physiological level; (2) a preponderance of positive affect (happiness, joy, etc.) relative to negative affect (anger, sadness, etc.), at an emotional level; (3) a preponderance of domain satisfaction (satisfaction in salient and multiple life domains such as family life and work life) relative to dissatisfaction in other life domains, at a cognitive level; (4) a preponderance of positive evaluations about one’s life using certain standards of comparison (satisfaction with one’s life compared to one’s past life, the life of family members, etc.) relative to negative evaluations about one’s life using similar or other standards of comparison, at a meta-cognitive level; (5) a preponderance of positive psychological traits (self-acceptance, personal growth, etc.) relative to negative psychological traits (pessimism, hopelessness, etc.), at a development level; and (6) a preponderance of perceived social resources (social acceptance, social actualization, etc.) relative to perceived social constraints (social exclusion, ostracism, etc.), at a socialecological level.
I revisit my Journal of Business Research (JBR) article published in 1985 that has garnered many citations. As such, I discuss the concept of self-congruity and the stream of research that the JBR ...article has spurred over the last 32 + years.
•Quality of life (QOL) indicators as performance indicators.•Three selected stakeholders of residents of host communities, and employees of tourism and hospitality firms.•The existence of a ...reciprocal relationship between conventional performance measures and QOL indicators.•Development of appropriate and effective QOL indicators for destination planning and management.•Quality of life indicators (QOL) and ensuring sustainability of efficient and effective use of resources.
This paper makes an argument supporting the notion that quality of life (QOL) indicators can also be treated as performance indicators, independently or in nested forms with conventional performance indicators in tourism. QOL indicators are reviewed and discussed in relation to three selected stakeholders, namely tourists, residents of host communities, and employees of tourism and hospitality firms. Specific examples of QOL indicators are described with case illustrations. The paper argues that there is a reciprocal relationship between conventional performance measures and QOL indicators. QOL indicators assist not only in gauging the level of destination competitiveness but also in ensuring sustainability of efficient and effective use of resources.
Value-expressive brands’ success stem largely from self-congruity between their brand personalities and targeted consumers’ self-concepts (Aaker, 1997). Over 100 conceptual and empirical articles ...highlight self-congruity's effect on consumer decision-making. The following meta-analysis identifies key theoretical and managerial issues of the self-congruity effect. Study results reinforce the self-congruity effect's robustness (r=.31). Moderation analysis sheds theoretical insights about self-congruity's motivational and cognitive underpinnings. The findings suggest self-congruity effects are a function of underlying self-motive “socialness,” degree of self-enhancement sought, the brand personality facet, the judgment object's abstraction level, cognitive elaboration, and the underlying impression formation process. These findings generate methodological and theoretical recommendations for future self-congruity research, as well as recommendations for marketing practitioners.
► The self-congruity effect produces favorable brand attitudes and purchase intentions. ► Meta-analysis reveals the robustness of the self-congruity effect (r=.31). ► Moderation analyses reveal self-congruity’s motivational and cognitive underpinnings. ► Self-congruity motivated by self-motive “socialness” and self-enhancement sought. ► Cognitive drivers: brand personality, abstraction, impression formation, elaboration.
The objective of this study is to test a theoretical model that links community residents' perceptions of tourism impact (economic, social, cultural, and environmental) with residents' satisfaction ...with particular life domains (material well-being, community well-being, emotional well-being, and health and safety well-being) and overall life satisfaction. The model also posits that the strength of these perceptual relationships is moderated by the stage of tourism development in the community. The model was tested using a survey of 321 respondents from communities varying in their level of tourism development. The results were mostly supportive of the overall model. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study findings are discussed.
► A link is found between residents' perceptions of tourism impact with residents' life satisfaction. ► Tourism impact dimensions are economic, social, cultural, and environmental in nature. ► Residents possess life domains that are material, social, emotional, health and safety in nature. ► Perceptions of those domains are moderated by the stage of tourism development in the community. ► A model based on 321 respondents is provided and tested empirically.
Tourism Impact and Stakeholders’ Quality of Life Woo, Eunju; Uysal, Muzaffer; Sirgy, M. Joseph
Journal of hospitality & tourism research (Washington, D.C.),
02/2018, Volume:
42, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This article reports a study testing the hypothesis that, compared with community residents who are not affiliated with the tourism industry, residents affiliated with tourism are likely to perceive ...tourism impact more positively, and the more positive their perceptions of tourism development, the more likely they feel satisfied with their lives. The study involved a survey of community residents of four tourist destinations in the United States. A total of 407 responses were used for data analysis. The results provided support for the notion that the influence of community residents’ perceptions of tourism impact and their life satisfaction is dependent on whether the residents are affiliated or not affiliated with the tourism sector.
This article proposes a quality-of-life (QOL) theory of leisure travel satisfaction based on goal theory. The proposed theory has four central principles: (1) selecting leisure travel goals that have ...high levels of positive valence, (2) selecting leisure travel goals that are very likely to be attained, (3) engaging in actions that would implement these leisure travel goals, and (4) engaging in actions that would allow the tourist to experience goal attainment. Numerous subprinciples are introduced in the context of these four major principles. A research agenda is discussed based on the overall theory. Managerial implications of this research are also discussed.
The goal of the research reported in this article was to develop a model describing how positive and negative affect associated with specific experiences of a travel trip influence tourists’ overall ...sense of well-being (life satisfaction). The model is based on the theoretical notion that a travel trip influences life satisfaction through tourists’ experiences of positive and negative affect associated with a recent tourist trip couched within various life domains (e.g., social life, leisure life, family life, cultural life, health and safety, love life, work life, and financial life). We conducted two studies. The first study was qualitative, designed to identify specific sources of positive and negative affect generated by the most recent tourist trip experiences in the context of various life domains. The second study involved a survey of tourists ( N = 264) to test the model in a formal manner. The data provided support for the overall model; the data also helped identify specific sources of positive and negative affect that play a significant role in tourists’ overall sense of well-being. Specific managerial recommendations are made for tourist operators based on the study findings.
•The study examines co-creation of an experience in the context of tourism.•Co-creation of an experience influences satisfaction with vacation experience.•Co-creation of an experience influences ...loyalty to service provider.•Involvement plays an important role affecting loyalty to the service provider.•Satisfaction with vacation experience is the predictors of perceived overall life satisfaction.
This study examines the underlying dimensions of co-creation of an experience in the context of tourism and its effects on behavioral consequences such as tourists’ satisfaction with the co-creation of an experience, subjective well-being, and loyalty to the service provider. The purpose of the study is achieved by showing that that tourists’ co-creation of an experience positively affects the vacation experience and loyalty to the service provider. In turn, satisfaction with the vacation experience influences overall life satisfaction. The results of this study should help service providers change strategies and implement a platform for creating unique co-creation of experiences, allowing tourists to become more physically and emotionally engaged in the planning of their vacations.
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