Introduction Health literacy is an important determinant of health. The aim of this study was to use a multi-dimensional measurement tool to describe the health literacy of people living in a fishing ...community in northern Egypt. Methods and analysis Data were collected from 436 people (fisherman and their families), using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), which includes 9 scales. Effect sizes (ES) for standardized mean differences estimated the magnitude of difference between demographic groups. Results The mean age of participants was 42 years, 50% were male, 42% were working in the fishing sector, 17.9% had access to the Internet and 36.8% were illiterate. Male participants showed higher capabilities in scales 3. Actively managing my health and 4. Social support for health (ES = 0.21 and 0.27, respectively). In comparison to other occupations, fishing occupation had a negative impact on scale 7. Navigating the healthcare system (ES -0.23). Also, higher educational level was associated with higher HLQ indicators. Across all scales, scale 2. Having sufficient information to manage my health showed the lowest mean (SD) score; 2.23 (0.76) indicating that most people reported they didn't have enough information. Conclusions This study has revealed that fishermen and their families have a wide range of health literacy difficulties which are likely to have profound negative effects on health behavior and health outcomes.
Fishermen in low resource settings have limited access to health services and may have a range of health literacy-related difficulties that may lead to poor health outcomes. To provide solutions and ...interventions based on their needs, co-design is considered best practice in such settings. This study aimed to implement a co-design process as a step towards developing health literacy interventions to improve health and equity in the Borollos Lake region of northern Egypt, a low resource setting with a high prevalence of chronic diseases. This study was guided by the Ophelia (Optimising Health Literacy and Access) process, a widely used and flexible co-design process that seeks to create local and fit-for-purpose health literacy solutions through genuine engagement and participation of community members and relevant stakeholders. Following a health literacy survey using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), cluster analysis was conducted to identify the diverse health literacy profiles among the fishing communities. Seven health literacy profiles were identified. Vignettes, representing these profiles, were presented and discussed in ideas generation/co-design workshops with fishermen and health workers to develop intervention ideas. Seventeen fishermen, 22 wives of fishermen, and 20 nurses participated in four workshops. Fifteen key strategies across five themes, including 'Enhancing education among fishing communities', 'Provide good quality health services', 'Financial support for health', 'Social support for health', and 'Promote better health-related quality of life among fishermen', were generated. The ideas did not only target the individuals but also required actions from the government, non-government organizations, and fishermen syndicates. By harnessing local wisdom, the Ophelia process has created meaningful engagement with the local communities, leading to a wide range of practical and feasible solutions that match the special needs and environment of a low resource setting.
Here we report the result of a genetic screen for mutants resistant to the microtubule poison methyl benzimidazol-2-yl carbamate (MBC) that were also temperature sensitive for growth. In total the ...isolated mutants were distributed in ten complementation groups. Cloning experiments revealed that most of the mutants were in essential genes encoding various 26S proteasome subunits. We found that the proteasome mutants are multi-drug resistant due to stabilization of the stress-activated transcription factor Pap1. We show that the ubiquitylation and ultimately the degradation of Pap1 depend on the Rhp6/Ubc2 E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme and the Ubr1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Accordingly, mutants lacking Rhp6 or Ubr1 display drug-resistant phenotypes.
This study aimed to explore some correlates and potential reproductive consequences of consanguinity. We analysed data for 8515 ever-married women aged 15-49 derived from a household survey conducted ...in 2017 in six governorates. The prevalence of consanguineous marriage was 35.9%. The odds (OR (95%CI)) of consanguinity were higher in rural southern governorates (3.68 (3.03-4.46)), with less than secondary education (1.55 (1.42-1.7)), with unemployment (1.74(1.48-2.04)) and in the lowest wealth quintile (3.09 (2.66-3.6)). After adjusting for residence, education, wealth, age at marriage and the number of children; the OR (95%CI) for spontaneous abortion and still births with consanguinity were 1.31 (1.09-1.59) and 1.63 (1.18-2.25) respectively. Consanguinity remains highly prevalent in Egypt especially in rural southern governorates. Women empowerment in terms of attaining higher education and employment may reduce the problem. Consanguinity appears to be associated with adverse reproductive outcomes including spontaneous abortion and still birth.
A mutation, L166P, in the cytosolic protein, PARK7/DJ-1, causes protein misfolding and is linked to Parkinson disease. Here, we identify the fission yeast protein Sdj1 as the orthologue of DJ-1 and ...calculate by in silico saturation mutagenesis the effects of point mutants on its structural stability. We also map the degradation pathways for Sdj1-L169P, the fission yeast orthologue of the disease-causing DJ-1 L166P protein. Sdj1-L169P forms inclusions, which are enriched for the Hsp104 disaggregase. Hsp104 and Hsp70-type chaperones are required for efficient degradation of Sdj1-L169P. This also depends on the ribosome-associated E3 ligase Ltn1 and its co-factor Rqc1. Although Hsp104 is absolutely required for proteasomal degradation of Sdj1-L169P aggregates, the degradation of already aggregated Sdj1-L169P occurs independently of Ltn1 and Rqc1. Thus, our data point to soluble Sdj1-L169P being targeted early by Ltn1 and Rqc1. The fraction of Sdj1-L169P that escapes this first inspection then forms aggregates that are subsequently cleared via an Hsp104- and proteasome-dependent pathway.
Background: A mutation, L166P, in DJ-1, is linked to Parkinson disease.
Results: The Sdj1-L169P fission yeast orthologue of DJ1-L166P is misfolded, associated with chaperones, and degraded via two ubiquitin-proteasome dependent pathways.
Conclusion: Sdj1-L169P is subject to a two-step degradation pathway.
Significance: Mapping the degradation pathways for misfolded proteins is important for our basic understanding of protein quality control in health and disease.
The centrosome is the master orchestrator of mitotic spindle formation and chromosome segregation in animal cells. Centrosome abnormalities are frequently observed in cancer, but little is known of ...their origin and about pathways affecting centrosome homeostasis. Here we show that autophagy preserves centrosome organization and stability through selective turnover of centriolar satellite components, a process we termed doryphagy. Autophagy targets the satellite organizer PCM1 by interacting with GABARAPs via a C-terminal LIR motif. Accordingly, autophagy deficiency results in accumulation of large abnormal centriolar satellites and a resultant dysregulation of centrosome composition. These alterations have critical impact on centrosome stability and lead to mitotic centrosome fragmentation and unbalanced chromosome segregation. Our findings identify doryphagy as an important centrosome-regulating pathway and bring mechanistic insights to the link between autophagy dysfunction and chromosomal instability. In addition, we highlight the vital role of centriolar satellites in maintaining centrosome integrity.
BACKGROUND: Hospital-based registry plays an important role in providing statistics regarding the occurrence of cancer in a defined population and a framework for assessing and controlling the impact ...of cancer in the community. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors represent a major public health problem, and their epidemiological data in Egypt have been rather incomplete except for some regional reports. The objective of this study was to set up a model of cancer registry form to be used in the establishment of a computerized hospital-based registry system and provide hospital-based data of cancer cases for a whole year and to use the National Cancer Registry Program of Egypt (NCRPE) to estimate the incidence of CNS tumors. METHODOLOGY: We introduced the software program of National Cancer Registry Program of Egypt (NCRPE) in the Clinical Oncology department of Ain Shams University Hospitals. All newly diagnosed cases with CNS tumors have been registered from 30 May 2012 to 1st June 2013 using the NCRPE registry form followed by its entry in the software program. RESULTS:The software program of the NCRPE was introduced in the Clinical Oncology department which is a web-based application developed by the registry and centrally stored on the main server of the ministry of Communication and Information Technology. "Double Minus" program was developed to detect duplicate cases to complete the data processing cycle. Duplicate forms were shown on the screen for the data manager to complete one form and discard the other or include the 2nd form as double primary with adjustment of sequence number. The program store all data entered allows exporting the data at any time into an excel file in a way that facilitate direct analysis of the data for research purposes. The total number of registered newly diagnosed patients received during the study period was 943 cases. CNS tumors accounted for 53 newly diagnosed cases(5.6%)and was ranked as the fourth common cancer in both sexes. 54.7% of CNS tumors occurred in males . The mean age was 43.1 years +/- 19.5 SD. 62.3% of the cases were from Cairo, 20.8% were from Upper Egypt and 8% were from Lower Egypt. 54% of the lesions were overlapping and 13% of the cases were presented with frontal lobe lesions at time of diagnosis. Glioblastoma Multiforme was the most common pathology occurring in about 43.3% of the presented cases. CONCLUSION: Hospital-based cancer registry is a corner stone for cancer burden assessment through providing accurate incidence data.This study drew attention to the incidence of the CNS tumors that requires further epidemiological studies for possible risk factors association.
Abstract
Background
Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat. It is a medical problem that increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain ...cancers. New evidence supports the view that there is a relationship between consuming energy restricted diet during weight loss program on anthropometric measurements, example; weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and fat percentage. Objectives: to study the effect of weight loss program on anthropometric and laboratory measurements of adult obese females. Method: an intervention study was carried out in the obesity management clinics of National Nutritional institute.
Results
our findings demonstrate that energy restriction regimen results in modest effect on anthropometric and laboratory measurements which is statistically highly significant. Conclusion and Recommendation: Prevention of obesity should be a high priority in public health, with particular emphasis on encouraging healthy lifestyles in all age groups, starting from early childhood.
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