A key element in the product mix of destinations is climate. Climate represents a critical part of a destination’s economic and resource base such that changes in climate will trigger human responses ...in terms of demand and the type of activities that the climate will support. This threatens the competitiveness, sustainability, and economic viability of destinations. This research note focuses on destination adaptation to climate change that is anticipatory not reactive, based on projecting future climate scenarios for a destination and then assessing the tourism products that the future climate will support. It outlines an original data-driven approach to adaptation that is generalizable to other destinations. The research note describes an exploratory research collaboration in Croatia between tourism and climate scientists that allows, first, the modeling of a destination’s projected climate conditions and, second, the products and activities that can be supported by these climate scenarios using climate indices for tourism.
The results of various studies that have so far evaluated the influence of meteorological conditions on seizures are often divergent. No studies have been performed so far that evaluate the possible ...correlation between the occurrence of seizure-related events, surface and upper level atmospheric conditions and biometeorological forecasts. The aim of this study is to investigate those interactions.
Records of "Sveti Duh" University hospital, Zagreb, Croatia between January 2016 and May 2020 were analysed in order to determine number of patients per day who were assessed through Emergency room because of a recent epileptic seizure. The dates were assessed for surface and upper level atmospheric conditions and biometeorological forecasts. Analyses of these factors were performed for two consecutive days preceding that day, the day of seizure, as well as for the following day. Data was analysed using chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U-test or Kruskal-Wallis test (with Conover's test for post-hoc analyses), depending on variable type. Additionaly, logistic regression was used to study effects of variables on seizure occurrence. Statistical significance was set to p < 0.05.
Results showed significant difference between the numbers of patients with seizure depending on upper level type on the following day. We also observed fewer daily patients with seizures when the synoptic situation on the following day was high pressure field then when it was low pressure or non-gradient pressure field (observed just during the colder part of the year), which was supported in our regression analyses. A greater frequency of seizures was observed if the biometerological prognosis was deemed unfavourable on the following day. Furthermore, our results showed significantly larger proportion of days with seizure patients in warmer, than in colder days of the year.
All of the analyzed weather-related parameters seem to be associated with daily numbers of seizures on the previous day. The reason behind this phenomenon is uncertain; however, the results indicate that weather patterns have a certain influence on patients with epilepsy, but are not yet fully understood or adequately appreciated.
The aim of our study was to connect the possible complications of early pregnancy (miscarriage and symptomatic ectopic pregnancy) up to the 12th week of gestation with biometeorological conditions ...while assuming a greater number of incidents with an unfavorable biometeorological forecast. We performed a retrospective observational study using medical data of a single medical center of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sveti Duh University Hospital and meteorological data from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrometeorological Service in Zagreb. We tracked the number of visits to the gynecology and obstetrics emergency unit on a daily basis during 2017. Days with five or more visits were selected and underwent further analysis, during which the number of miscarriages and symptomatic ectopic pregnancies was noted. The information from the biometeorological forecast was then extracted and added to the database. Our results did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups determined by biometeorological forecast in the number of spontaneous abortions or ectopic pregnancy. Also, statistically significant results did not follow the expected trend of the increasing number of complications related to worse biometeorological forecast, or vice versa, a decreased number of complications with better forecast. Our single-center retrospective analysis of emergency unit visits related to weather conditions did not show a connection between the complications of early pregnancy and biometeorological conditions. However, different results could emerge in future studies. Considering the large and high-quality database collected for this study, efforts in researching the connection between other gynecologic pathologies and weather conditions will be feasible.
We investigate the impact of horizontal resolution, convection parameterization and lateral boundary conditions on the ability of a regional climate model ‐ RegCM4 to simulate the observed ...temperature and precipitation climatology over Croatia and surrounding regions. An ensemble of RegCM4 simulations over Europe has been generated including two resolutions (50 and 12.5 km), two different deep convection schemes and different boundary conditions (a reanalysis and four global climate models). Using two observational data sets (with and without the undercatch correction) shows that the magnitude of RegCM4 errors in winter precipitation also depends on observational uncertainty. While the mean precipitation amounts in high‐resolution simulations are generally overestimated in the cold part of the year, low‐resolution RegCM4 simulations are comparable to most of other EURO‐CORDEX models. When forced by ERA‐Interim, RegCM4 performs relatively poorly in reproducing temporal correlations against observations, but performs well in terms of spatial correlation. Whereas precipitation amounts from high‐resolution simulations need further improvements, the RegCM4 skill in simulating near‐surface temperature is high and well suited for impact studies.
Our experiments using RegCM4 show that different convection schemes and horizontal resolutions can both improve and deteriorate different aspects of model performance. No model configuration was clearly superior to the others. This result points out the difficulty of selecting an optimal model configuration for a given region, an exercise which requires careful experimentation.
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to correlate obstetric admissions at a tertiary perinatal center with biometeorological forecast and weather conditions.
Materials and methods: This ...retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinical Hospital “Sveti Duh” over five years, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. The hospital’s emergency data was used for record of obstetric admissions on each day. The selected days were sorted in 4 groups based on biometeorological forecast.
Results: In the observed period, there were a total of 18,072 obstetric admissions. There were 216 days with fifteen or more admissions. The results showed no significant difference between obstetric admission based on the biometeorological forecast one day before or three days before. Most hospitalization were on days with a favorable biometeorological forecast in the observed period, 68 days with more than fifteen admissions per day. The day before, the biometeorological forecast was mostly favorable or relatively favorable.
Conclusion: Our retrospective single-center study did not show a significant difference between obstetric hospital admissions depending on biometeorological conditions, but the higher number of admissions during days with a favorable forecast is definitely the basis for future studies with larger dataset.
Background and purpose: The effect of weather on people’s well-being and health has been previously noticed and has been a subject of interest for medical professionals and laypeople throughout human ...history. There are many studies connecting gynecology and obstetrics with weather, some of them investigating the weather and physiological processes such as onset of labor.Materials and methods: In this paper we tried to find relationship between weather conditions and the day with extreme number of deliveries with spontaneous onset (contractions and/or rupture of membranes) in a tertiary referral perinatal center. It is still debatable whether we could connect the weather conditions with actual childbirth.Results: A case analysis shows that there could be a connection between the development of the weather situation and the extreme number of deliveries with spontaneous onset.Conclusion: Unfavorable biometeorological conditions were the result of weather conditions that affect people. In our case there was strong cold advection during the analyzed period, especially on the day with an extreme number of deliveries with spontaneous onset, and significant drop of barometric pressure.
The aim of our study was to connect the possible complications of early pregnancy (miscarriage and symptomatic ectopic pregnancy) up to the 12th week of gestation with biometeorological conditions ...while assuming a greater number of incidents with an unfavorable biometeorological forecast. We performed a retrospective observational study using medical data of a single medical center of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sveti Duh University Hospital and meteorological data from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrometeorological Service in Zagreb. We tracked the number of visits to the gynecology and obstetrics emergency unit on a daily basis during 2017. Days with five or more visits were selected and underwent further analysis, during which the number of miscarriages and symptomatic ectopic pregnancies was noted. The information from the biometeorological forecast was then extracted and added to the database. Our results did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups determined by biometeorological forecast in the number of spontaneous abortions or ectopic pregnancy. Also, statistically significant results did not follow the expected trend of the increasing number of complications related to worse biometeorological forecast, or vice versa, a decreased number of complications with better forecast. Our single-center retrospective analysis of emergency unit visits related to weather conditions did not show a connection between the complications of early pregnancy and biometeorological conditions. However, different results could emerge in future studies. Considering the large and high-quality database collected for this study, efforts in researching the connection between other gynecologic pathologies and weather conditions will be feasible. Key words: Biometeorology; Early pregnancy; Ectopic pregnancy; Meteorology; Spontaneous abortion Cilj ovoga istra?ivanja bio je povezati komplikacije rane trudnoce (spontani pobacaj i izvanmaternicna trudnoca) do 12. tjedna gestacije s biometeorolo?kim uvjetima, ocekujuci veci broj incidenata u uvjetima nepovoljne biometeorolo?ke prognoze. Proveli smo retrospektivno opservacijsko istra?ivanje koristeci medicinske podatke Klinike za ginekologiju i porodni?tvo Klinicke bolnice Sveti Duh i meteorolo?ke podatke Dr?avnoga hidrometeorolo?kog zavoda u Zagrebu. Zabilje?ili smo broj hitnih pregleda na Klinici za ginekologiju i porodni?tvo tijekom 2017. godine. Dani s pet ili vi?e pregleda su zabilje?eni, a zabilje?en je i broj spontanih pobacaja i izvanmaternicnih trudnoca. Informacije o biometeorolo?koj prognozi za obradene dane su dodane prikupljenoj bazi podataka. Na?i rezultati nisu pokazali statisticki znacajnu razliku izmedu skupina odredenih biometeorolo?kom prognozom u broju spontanih pobacaja i izvanmaternicnih trudnoca. Statisticki znacajne rezultate nisu pokazali ni ocekivani porast broja komplikacija s lo?ijom biometeorolo?kom prognozom ili smanjen broj komplikacija povezanih s boljom biometeorolo?kom prognozom. Na?a retrospektivna analiza nije pokazala povezanost posjeta hitnom prijmu s vremenskim prilikama, stoga ni povezenost komplikacija rane trudnoce s vremenskim uvjetima. Medutim, drugaciji rezultati se mogu dobiti u buducim istra?ivanjima. S obzirom na veliku i kvalitetnu bazu podataka prikupljenu u ovom istra?ivanju daljnja nastojanja u istra?ivanju povezanosti ginekolo?ke patologije i vremenskih uvjeta uvelike su olak?ana. Kljucne rijeci: Biometeorologija; Rana trudnoca; Izvanmaternicna trudnoca; Meteorologija; Spontani pobacaj
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to correlate obstetric admissions at a tertiary perinatal center with biometeorological forecast and weather conditions.
Materials and methods: This ...retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinical Hospital “Sveti Duh” over five years, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. The hospital’s emergency data was used for record of obstetric admissions on each day. The selected days were sorted in 4 groups based on biometeorological forecast.
Results: In the observed period, there were a total of 18,072 obstetric admissions. There were 216 days with fifteen or more admissions. The results showed no significant difference between obstetric admission based on the biometeorological forecast one day before or three days before. Most hospitalization were on days with a favorable biometeorological forecast in the observed period, 68 days with more than fifteen admissions per day. The day before, the biometeorological forecast was mostly favorable or relatively favorable.
Conclusion: Our retrospective single-center study did not show a significant difference between obstetric hospital admissions depending on biometeorological conditions, but the higher number of admissions during days with a favorable forecast is definitely the basis for future studies with larger dataset.
We analyze century‐long daily temperature and precipitation records for stations in Europe west of 60°E. A set of climatic indices derived from the daily series, mainly focusing on extremes, is ...defined. Linear trends in these indices are assessed over the period 1901–2000. Average trends, for 75 stations mostly representing Europe west of 20°E, show a warming for all temperature indices. Winter has, on average, warmed more (∼1.0°C/100 yr) than summer (∼0.8°C), both for daily maximum (TX) and minimum (TN) temperatures. Overall, the warming of TX in winter was stronger in the warm tail than in the cold tail (1.6 and 1.5°C for 98th and 95th, but ∼1.0°C for 2nd, 5th and 10th percentiles). There are, however, large regional differences in temperature trend patterns. For summer, there is a tendency for stronger warming, both for TX and TN, in the warm than in the cold tail only in parts of central Europe. Winter precipitation totals, averaged over 121 European stations north of 40°N, have increased significantly by ∼12% per 100 years. Trends in 90th, 95th and 98th percentiles of daily winter precipitation have been similar. No overall long‐term trend occurred in summer precipitation totals, but there is an overall weak (statistically insignificant and regionally dependent) tendency for summer precipitation to have become slightly more intense but less common. Data inhomogeneities and relative sparseness of station density in many parts of Europe preclude more robust conclusions. It is of importance that new methods are developed for homogenizing daily data.
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