We aimed to investigate the serum concentrations of vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ...and healthy controls.
Serum vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine concentrations were measured in 118 children (48 children diagnosed with ADHD, 35 children diagnosed with ASD and 35 healthy controls). Symptom severity in the ADHD and ASD groups was evaluated by the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and Turgay-DSM-IV-Based Screening and Assessment Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to evaluate the effects of diagnosis and gender on biochemical parameters.
The ADHD and ASD groups and the healthy controls differed significantly regarding vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations, but not folate levels. Patients with ASD had the lowest vitamin B12 and the highest homocysteine levels. Vitamin B12 levels correlated negatively with hyperactivity and/orimpulsivity and oppositionality symptoms in children with ADHD. There were no relationships between psychometric evaluations and laboratory measurements in children with ASD. Gender did not affect vitamin concentrations.
Previous studies found that vitamin B12 was reduced while homocysteine was elevated among patients with ADHD and ASDs. Our results also support those reported previously. Oppositionality and hyperactivity and/orimpulsivity may be related to vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels in children with ADHD. Further studies are required to define the role of these parameters and effects on the etiology and clinical manifestations of ASD and ADHD.
Anahtar sözcükler: otizm, otizm spektrum bozukluǧu, tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp, tedavi Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) includes a group of neurodevelopmental disorders in which genetic ...basis has a genetic basis, environmental factors increase the risk with epigenetic interactions, neuronal connections are affected, and neuroimmunological mechanisms may also play a role (Manoli ve ark. 2021). Complementary and alternative medicine practices commonly used among children with ASD include special diets, nutritional supplements, herbs, probiotics, music therapy, art therapy, massage therapy, craniosacral therapy, chelation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and various spiritual practices. ...in this review, it is aimed to define the concept of CAM, its prevalence, to examine the CAM methods and activities used in ASD, and to review the data on the use of CAM in children with ASD in our country, respectively. The search terms used in the study are as follows: "autism" and "complementary medicine", "alternative medicine", "dietary supplement", "vitamine supplement", "omega 3 fatty acids", "probiotics", "acupuncture", "hyperbaric oxygen therapy", "chelation", "music therapy", "massage therapy", "hippotherapy", "sensory integration".
This study investigates pragmatic language impairment, Theory of Mind (ToM), and emotion regulation in adolescents with Developmental Dyslexia(DD). The Social Responsiveness Scale-2(SRS) and ...Children's Communication Checklist-2(CCC-2) scores were found to be statistically significantly higher in the DD group than in healthy controls. DD group had lower performance in ToM skills and they have more difficulties in emotion regulation. We also found that CCC-2 and ToM scores were significantly correlated in adolescents with DD. These results may be important in understanding the difficulties experienced in social functioning and interpersonal relationships in adolescents with DD.
The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in a child affects family processes, increases parenting stress and marital conflicts, and may lead to parental psychopathology. It may also affect the ...prognosis for their children. The aim of this study is to determine depression and burnout levels as well as their predictors among parents of children with ASD compared with those of healthy children. We also sought to evaluate rate of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions among parents and explore the associations of this phenomenon in an exploratory fashion. 145 children with ASD and 127 control children were enrolled along with their mothers and fathers. Beck Depression Inventory and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to evaluate parents’ depression symptoms and burnout levels. Symptoms of children with ASDs were evaluated according to the Childhood Autism Rating Scale by the clinicians. Family, child and CAM variables were screened by means of a sociodemographic data form. Descriptive, bivariate and correlation analyses were used in statistical evaluations. Predictors of burnout were evaluated with multiple regression analysis. Burnout and depression levels among parents of children with ASD were significantly elevated compared to controls. Burnout levels of mothers were significantly elevated compared to fathers while depression scores of fathers were significantly elevated compared to mothers. Maternal burnout was significantly predicted by presence of functional speech in child while paternal burnout was significantly predicted by paternal vocation. Maternal depression was associated with paternal depression, lack of speech in child and attendance of child to special education services. Paternal depression was associated with autistic symptom severity and maternal depression. More than half the parents sought CAM interventions. Education level did not affect search for CAM interventions while both maternal and paternal psychopathology and presence of epilepsy among children increased use of CAM methods. Psychological support should be provided to both mothers and fathers of a child receiving a diagnosis of ASD. Addressing parents’ burnout and stress levels and facilitating their negotiation of knowledge on etiology and treatments for ASD may be beneficial for the family unit as a whole.
Social communication disorder (SCD) is a novel diagnosis listed under the rubric of communication disorders within the
(DSM-5) and it is reported to be characterized by impairment in use of verbal ...and nonverbal communication for social aims. This review attempts to summarize the current understanding of the SCD concept along with its evolution and presents data from previous studies conducted. Suggestions for further research are also delineated. As listed in DSM-5, the criteria for this novel diagnosis are vague, display elevated comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders and other childhood psychopathologies, and show partial overlap with autistic spectrum disorders both in terms of genetics and family histories. Data on cross-cultural presentations and temporal stability are also limited. The social communication model proposed by Catani and Bambini may help integrate the neurobiological findings pertaining to SCD. Valid and reliable assessment methods need to be developed for SCD. This may involve either development of novel instruments capturing the DSM-5 criteria or application of statistical methods such as item response theory to existing instruments. The relationships between broad autism phenotype, pragmatic language impairment, nonverbal learning disorder, learning disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, and SCD should be evaluated with further studies.
Abstract Objective Extant literature indicates that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with significant poor psychosocial functioning. However, the relationship between functioning and demographic ...and clinical variables is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictors of functioning such as demographic and clinical variables, social support, self-perceived stigma, and insight in remitted patients with BD. Methods Eighty patients with a diagnosis of BD, complete remission according to the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition were included in the final assessment. Bipolar Disorder Functioning Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Young Mania Rating Scale, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Schedule for Assessing the Three Components of Insight were used. Student t test, Pearson correlation analyses, and linear regression analyses were used to assess the pathways effecting on functioning. Results The 3 predictors of functioning were severity of depression, perceived social support, and internalized stigmatization. Severity of depression is considered the strongest predictor, whereas internalized stigmatization has a core role in predicting functioning. Clinical variables such as years of education and number of hospitalization probably have indirect effects on functioning. Conclusion Interventions that oppose stigmatization and consideration of mild depressive symptoms will positively affect functioning in remitted patients with BD.
PDF
