The bulk availability of banana waste in the world has made a move towards the development of alternative novel renewable sugars in present study as the pressed juice from banana frond and pseudostem ...was found to contain high level of renewable sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose. By using a simple sugarcane press, the glucose content in the banana frond juice was 16.6 g/L, which accounts for 55% of the total fermentable sugars. From the results, the lipase production reached ∼200 U/mL in medium comprising banana frond juice and banana pseudostem juice, comparable to basal medium with glucose (206.3 U/mL) as carbon source in basal media. As banana pseudostem possesses high content of starch, microwave heating pretreatment showed 36% enhancement of glucose content (10.4 g/L) in juice as compared to direct pressed juice (7.78 g/L). This result indicates that banana waste juice can be used as an alternative fermentable carbon source for lipase production and has potential as a fermentable carbon source.
•Banana waste juice contains novel renewable sugars as fermentation substrate.•Direct pressed banana frond juice contains high glucose content which was 16.6 g/L.•Microwave heating enhanced extraction of fermentable sugars in pseudostem juice.•Lipase production by E. coli an example of banana waste juice utilization.
•Physiochemical properties of Synsepalum dulcificum were determined.•Antioxidant content of different parts of miracle fruit was evaluated.•Physicochemical analysis of seed oil, nutritional elements ...of fruit juice were determined.•Seed oil of miracle fruit is oleic-palmitic oil, which is highly similar to palm oil.
Synsepalum dulcificum, also called the miracle fruit, which has the sweet-inducing activity can be used as additives in food, medicine and cosmetic industries. Some selected chemical properties of miracle fruit including percentage by weight, total anthocyanin, phenolic and antioxidant content of different parts of miracle fruit as well as physicochemical analysis of seed oil, nutritional elements of fruit juice were determined in this study. The results showed that miracle fruit contains a large amount of vitamin C (40.1mg/100g fresh fruit weight (FW)), phenolic content (625.57mg GAE/100g FW), high antioxidant capacity (457.3μmol Trolox/100g FW) and low total sugar content (5.6g/100g FW), suggesting that the fruit is healthy for human consumption. According to its fatty acid composition and Triacylglycerol (TAG) profile, miracle fruit seed oil is rich in oleic and palmitic acid.
Aqueous biphasic flotation (ABF) integrates aqueous biphasic system (ABS) and solvent sublation for recovery of target biomolecules. The feasibility of the alcohol/salt ABF for exclusive partition of ...cytochrome c to one specific phase of the system was investigated. Aliphatic alcohols of different carbon chain length (ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol) and salts (sulfate, phosphate and citrate) were used for the phase formation. The effects of phase composition, concentration of sample loading, pH, flotation time and flow rate of the system on the partition efficiency of cytochrome c were determined. Cytochrome c was exclusively partitioned to the alcohol-rich top phase of the ABF of 18% (w/w) ethanol and 26% (w/w) ammonium sulfate with pH 6 and 20% (w/w) of sample loading. Highest partition coefficient (K) of 6.85 ± 0.21 and yield (YT) of 99.40% ± 0.02 were obtained with optimum flotation rate of 10 mL/min and flow rate of 10 min.
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•Cytochrome c is preferably partitioned to the salt-rich phase in all alcohol/salt aqueous biphasic flotation (ABF) except ethanol/salt ABF.•Increase in the flow rate of the compressed air reduces the partition coefficient and yield of cytochrome c in the top phase.•Cytochrome c can be exclusively partitioned to the alcohol-rich top phase of ABF with K of 6.85 ± 0.21 and YT of 99.40% ± 0.02.
Optimization strategy that encompassed one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), response surface methodology (RSM), and artificial neural network method was implemented during medium formulation with specific ...aim for lysine-methionine biosynthesis employing a newly isolated strain of Pediococcus pentosaceus RF-1. OFAT technique was used in the preliminary screening of factors (molasses, nitrogen sources, fish meal, glutamic acid and initial medium pH) before proceeded to optimization study. Implementation of central composite design of experiment subsequently generated 30 experimental runs based on four factors (molasses, fish meal, glutamic acid, and initial medium pH). From RSM analysis, a quadratic polynomial model can be devoted to describing the relationship between various medium components and responses. It also suggested that using molasses (9.86 g/L), fish meal (10.06 g/L), glutamic acid (0.91 g/L), and initial medium pH (5.30) would enhance the biosynthesis of lysine (15.77 g/L) and methionine (4.21 g/L). Alternatively, a three-layer neural network topography at 4-5-2 predicted a further improvement in the biosynthesis of lysine (16.52 g/L) and methionine (4.53 g/L) by using formulation composed of molasses (10.02 g/L), fish meal (18.00 g/L), and glutamic acid (1.17 g/L) with initial medium pH (4.26), respectively.
Cytochrome
c
is a small water-soluble protein that is abundantly found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space of microorganism, plants and mammalians. Ionic liquids (ILs)–based aqueous two-phase ...electrophoresis system (ATPES) was introduced in this study to investigate the partition efficiency of cytochrome
c
to facilitate subsequent development of two-phase electrophoresis for the separation of cytochrome
c
from microbial fermentation. The 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, (C
6
mim)Br and potassium citrate salt were selected as the phase-forming components. Effects of phase composition; position of electrodes; pH and addition of neutral salt on the partition efficiency of cytochrome
c
in the ATPES were evaluated. Highest partition coefficient (
K
= 179.12 ± 0.82) and yield of cytochrome
c
in top phase (
Y
T
= 99.63% ± 0.00) were recorded with IL/salt ATPES composed of 30% (w/w) (C
6
mim)Br and 20% (w/w) potassium citrate salt of pH 7 and 3.0% (w/w) NaCl addition with anode at the bottom phase and cathode at the top phase. The SDS-PAGE profile revealed that cytochrome
c
with a molecular weight of 12 kDa was preferably partitioned to the IL-rich top phase. Present findings suggested that the single-step ATPES is a potential separation approach for the recovery of cytochrome
c
from microbial fermentation.
Graphical Abstract
Background The banana or scientifically referred to as Musa sp., is one of the most popular fruits all over the world. Almost all parts of a banana tree, including the fruits, stem juice, and flowers ...are commonly used as traditional medicine for treating diarrhoea (unripe), menorrhagia, diabetes, dysentery, and antiulcerogenic, hypoglycemic, antilithic, hypolipidemic conditions, plus antioxidant actions, inflammation, pains and even snakebites. The study carried out was to evaluate in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity from different types of Musa pseudo-stems. Methods Observing anti-urolithiathic activity via in vitro nucleation and aggregation assay using a spectrophotometer followed by microscopic observation. A total of 12 methanolic extracts were tested to determine the potential extracts in anti-urolithiasis activities. Cystone was used as a positive control. Results The results manifested an inhibition of nucleation activity (0.11 + or - 2.32% to 55.39 + or - 1.01%) and an aggregation activity (4.34 + or - 0.68% to 58.78 + or - 1.81%) at 360 min of incubation time. The highest inhibition percentage in nucleation assay was obtained by the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv "Awak Legor" methanolic pseudo-stem extract (2D) which was 55.39 + or - 1.01%at 60 min of incubation time compared to the cystone at 30.87 + or - 0.74%. On the other hand,the Musa acuminate x balbiciana Colla cv "Awak Legor" methanolic bagasse extract (3D) had the highest inhibition percentage in the aggregation assay incubated at 360 min which was obtained at 58.78 + or - 1.8%; 5.53% higher than the cystone (53.25%).The microscopic image showed a great reduction in the calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals formation and the size of crystals in 2D and 3D extracts, respectively, as compared to negative control. Conclusions The results obtained from this study suggest that the extracts are potential sources of alternative medicine for kidney stones disease. Keywords: Nucleation, Aggregation, Microscopic, Anti-urolithiathic, Musa pseudo-stem, Calcium oxalate
Optimum conditions: 8000 molecular mass of PEG, 25.4% of TLL, pH 7, volume ratio of 0.3, 20% (w/w) of crude extract, 20mL/min of nitrogen flow rate at 10min flotation time. Display omitted
•We ...examine APTF system to purify intracellular lipase from recombinant Escherichia coli.•Parameters influenced ATPF partitioning behavior were investigated.•PEG/sodium citrate based ATPF successfully purified lipase under optimum condition.
An aqueous two-phase flotation (ATPF) composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium citrate was constructed for direct purification of thermostable lipase 42 from recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) pLysS. The influences of varying phase forming composition, tie-line length (TLL), volume ratio (VR), crude loading (CL), system pH, gas nitrogen flow rate (FR) and flotation time (Ft) upon ATPF partitioning performance were investigated. The optimum purification condition of lipase was achieved at PEG 8000/sodium citrate ATPF comprising TLL of 25.4, VR of 0.3, CL of 20% (w/w) at pH 7 with average Ft of 10min and FR at 20mL/min. Lipase was successfully purified using ATPF up to 4.05-fold with a separation efficiency of 99%. Result of this study also demonstrated that recovery yield of lipase in PEG phase of up to 96% was achieved. These results reveal the potential of ATPF partitioning in recovery and purification of recombinant lipase.
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•We applied cation-exchange resins to remove ammonium from fermentation broth.•Increasing ammonium in culture inhibits the growth of P. multocida.•Amberlite IRC86 has the highest ...ability for ammonium adsorption.•Optimal concentration of cation-exchange resins maximized the growth and production.
Pasteurella multocida serotype B:2 is the causative agent of hemorrhagic septicemia, a fatal disease of cattle and buffaloes. A live attenuated vaccine, gdhA derivative P. multocida B:2 mutant, was created to defeat the disease. During the cultivation of P. multocida B:2 mutant, substantial amount of ammonium was accumulated in the culture, which greatly inhibited the growth of this bacterium. The feasibility of using integrated cultivation with in situ removal of ammonium by cation-exchange resin for the improvement of growth and viability of P. multocida cells was investigated. The ability of various cation-exchange resins, which include Amberlite IRC86, Amberlite IR120 H, and Dowex DRG8 H, to selectively adsorbed ammonium was first investigated using sorption isotherm experiments. Amberlite IRC86 has the highest ability for ammonium adsorption. The incorporation of 10g/L of Amberlite IRC86 resin into the shake flask culture (100mL) of P. multocida B:2 mutant, improved the final viable cell concentration (7.2×1010cfu/mL) by about 13-fold compared to that obtained in cultivation without resin (5.5×109cfu/mL). In cultivation with Amberlite IRC86 resin, approximately 41% of the ammonium accumulated in the culture was removed.
•Baranyi–Roberts model was statistically accepted to estimate the algal kinetic parameter values.•Walne's medium was redesigned via elemental balance to support higher density autotrophic growth.•New ...W-30 medium achieved Xmax of 1.505g/L and Pmax of 376mg/L, a 1.8 and 3.7-fold over Walne's basal.•Tetraselmis sp. FTC 209 favors mixotrophic over heterotrophic for cell growth and lipid production.•W-30 medium added with 30g/L glucose gave productivity of 404mg dcw/L/day and 90.9mg lipid/L/day.
Biomass and lipid production of microalga, Tetraselmis sp. FTC 209, isolated from local coastal waters was evaluated for photoautotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism. Four non-linear growth models (logistic, logistic with lag, modified Gompertz, Baranyi–Roberts) were assessed for prediction of culture performance. Using statistical criteria, the Baranyi–Roberts model was chosen to estimate the growth kinetics values. Walne's mariculture medium was redesigned based on the concept of elemental balance to support higher density photoautotrophic growth. Biomass capacity of at least 100% was fixed for all micronutrient components while a sequential increase of 10% was imposed on deficient macronutrients. Results indicate that the new medium (W-30) managed to achieve a maximum cell concentration (Xmax) of 1.505g/L and maximum lipid content (Pmax) of 376mg/L (∼25% of dry cell weight), representing 1.8 and 3.7-fold improvements, respectively, relative to Walne's basal. Light and dark cultivations with glucose supplementation revealed that Tetraselmis sp. FTC 209 favors mixotrophic over heterotrophic mode in terms of cell growth and lipid production. Compared with the baseline photoautotrophic W-30 medium, cultivation with addition of 30g/L glucose produced the highest Xmax at 8.08g dry cell weight/L. This effectively provides significant algal biomass and lipid productivity of 404mg dry cell weight/L per day and 90.9mg lipid/L per day, respectively.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be isolated from traditional milk products. LAB that secrete substances that inhibit pathogenic bacteria and are resistant to acid, bile, and pepsin but not vancomycin ...may have potential in food applications.
LAB isolated from a range of traditional fermented products were screened for the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances. A total of 222 LAB strains were isolated from fermented milk products in the form of fresh curds, dried curds, and ghara (a traditional flavor enhancer prepared from whey), and fermented cocoa bean. Eleven LAB isolates that produced antimicrobial substances were identified as Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Pediococcus acidilactici strains by biochemical methods and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Of these, the cell-free supernatant of Kp10 (P. acidilactici) most strongly inhibited Listeria monocytogenes. Further analysis identified the antimicrobial substance produced by Kp10 as proteinaceous in nature and active over a wide pH range. Kp10 (P. acidilactici) was found to be catalase-negative, able to produce β-galactosidase, resistant to bile salts (0.3%) and acidic conditions (pH 3), and susceptible to most antibiotics.
Traditionally prepared fermented milk products are good sources of LAB with characteristics suitable for industrial applications. The isolate Kp10 (P. acidilactici) shows potential for the production of probiotic and functional foods.
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