Sucrose Content in Pharmaceutical Syrups Tanibayashi, Junko; Fujita, Akiko; Umehara, Midori ...
Shoni shikagaku zasshi = the Japanese journal of pedodontics,
1986, Volume:
24, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Open access
Besides information concerning the metabolism of sucrose and its content in food, it is also of high relevancy the relationship between the content of sucrose and the development of dental cavities. ...We investigated the content of sucrose in different pharmaceutical syrups, since it is hardly known whether they contain sucrose or not. The results were as follows: 1. The majority of the drugs studied contained more than 800 mg of sucrose per gram of medicine. 2. About 88% of those who answered the questionnaire had experienced rejection of the drugs and,50% of them said they could take the drugs after maskarading the taste of the drugs by mixing them with juice or drinking juice immediately after taking the drugs. 3. Only about 35% said they had brushed their teeth or rinsed their mouths after taking the drugs. However, the purposed of this was to wash away the taste of the drug and not as an oral hygiene measure. From the results presented above we conclude that attention must be paid when prescribing pharmaceutical syrups. First, because of the possibility of inducing bad feeding habits in children, since taking pharmaceutical syrups is similar to having sweetmeats. Second, because of the role of sucrose in the development of dental cavities. Taking these facts into consideration, children and parents must be informed about the importance of oral hygiene after taking pharmaceutical syrups.
Deaf or hard-of-hearing people need support services such as real-time captioning. It is fairly common for captionists to be unable to perform captioning services. In order to address this problem, ...we proposed a Mobile-type Remote-captioning System. The main characteristic of our system is to use two functions of one mobile phone (e.g. the iPhone 3G/3GS, Apple Computer, Inc.) at the same time. The two functions are to display the captions input by the captionists (data communications) and to call the captionists to transmit the speaker's speech to the captionists (telephone call). The purpose of our research was to make clear the differences with the existing system, and to discover the advantages and faults of our system. In this study, we investigated these issues using a questionnaire for captionists who had used our system. As a result, we found that our system is suitable for a situation in which the speaker and the deaf or hard-of-hearing person are communicating while walking together (e.g. excursions, plant tours), whether indoors or outdoors. In addition, it reduces the stress that can be caused to deaf or hard-of-hearing children by having adults (captionists) other than teachers in the classroom.
•Hematogenous infections most commonly cause pyogenic spinal infections.•Recurrent pyogenic spinal infections secondary to an arterioenteric fistula are rare.•Pyogenic spinal infections can reoccur ...due to resident bacteria.
There are no reports of pyogenic spinal infections secondary to an arterioenteric fistula in the literature. Herein, we report a case of recurrent pyogenic spinal infection caused by vascular graft penetration into the sigmoid colon. A 66-year-old man with a history of diabetes and abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery suffered from low back pain and fever. He visited his previous hospital, where a lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spinal infection. The patient received conservative therapy with antibiotics and underwent several surgeries. However, there was no improvement in his symptoms. The patient was referred to and hospitalized at our university hospital. Because intestinal bacteria were repeatedly detected in his blood cultures, a colonoscopy was performed, which revealed the exposure of a vascular graft in the sigmoid colon confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. We diagnosed the patient with recurrent pyogenic spinal infection caused by secondary arterioenteric fistula. He then underwent sigmoidectomy, resection of the infected vascular graft, and femoral–femoral artery bypass grafting. There was improvement in his symptoms after the surgery. Gastrointestinal examinations should be performed early when intestinal resident bacteria are detected in blood cultures in patients with pyogenic spinal infections.
A 48-year-old woman was diagnosed with metastatic breast carcinoma and multiple bone metastases as well as a brain metastasis in 2004. Multiple bone metastases and brain metastases were also ...diagnosed in 2005, 2006, and 2010, but she remained stable with the use of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for about 8 years. In 2013, severe anemia occurred, and the patient was diagnosed with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MHA). She was treated with eribulin(1.4 mg/m²), and recovered successfully after treatment. Approximately 8 months have elapsed after initiating the therapy, and there has been no recurrence. MHA associated with breast cancer is very rare, and is regarded as a disease with a poor prognosis. However, eribulin could be a valid treatment for prolonging the survival of patients with MHA associated with breast cancer.
To examine retrospectively the features of Behçet's disease patients with familial occurrence and make a comparison between familial Behçet's patients with ocular lesions and those without ocular ...lesions.
We sent questionnaires about Behçet's disease patients with familial occurrence to 114 hospitals that reported treating such patients in previous nationwide hospital surveys, and to 341 hospitals selected at random in Japan.
We obtained reports on 83 Behçet's patients with familial occurrence. The positive rate of HLA-B51 was 53.1%. The positive rate of HLA-B51 among patients with ocular lesions was 64.0%, that in patients without ocular lesions was 14.3%, and that in patients with genital ulcers was 40.9%. The mean birth year and onset year of the patients with ocular symptoms was significantly lower than that of the patients without ocular symptoms. Although there was no significant difference between these two groups, parent-child involvement was more common among the patients without ocular lesions than in those with ocular lesions.
The findings of this study suggest that the number of familial Behçet's disease patients with ocular lesions and high HLA-B51 positivity has been decreasing recently. To elucidate the etiology of familial occurrence, larger scale epidemiological studies and further molecular studies of Behçet's disease are needed.
Five new euglobals possessing the phloroglucinol-monoterpene structure, euglobals G8–G12, together with a known euglobal-IIc were isolated from the hexane fraction of the methanol extract of the ...leaves of
Eucalyptus grandis. Euglobal-G8 is an adduct of formyl-isovaleroyl-phloroglucinol and
γ-terpinene whereas –G9, –G10 and –G11 have the same phloroglucinol moiety fused with
α-terpinene, while Euglobal-G12 has terpinolene fused with the same phloroglucinol moiety. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidences. Biomimetic synthesis of euglobals suggests that these compounds are derived biogenetically by the Diels–Alder type cycloaddition of the corresponding terpenes with an
ortho-quinone methide generated from grandinol.
Two new euglobals, G6 and G7 were isolated from leaves of
Eucalyptus grandis and their structures elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence.
Two new euglobals, G6 and G7 were isolated from the ...hexane fraction of the methanol extract of the leaves of
Eucalyptus grandis. These have phloroglucinol-monoterpene structures. Both euglobals have a formyl-isovaleroyl phloroglucinol moiety fused with γ-terpinene. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidences.
In order to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of DL-8280 on acute suppurative otitis media, acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media and chronic otitis media, a double-blind ...trial was carried out in comparison with pipemidic acid (PPA). Six hundred (600) mg of DL-8280 or 2000mg of PPA was administered daily for seven days and the following results were obtained. Clinical efficacy: 1) The clinical efficacy was able to be evaluated in 136 cases of DL-8280 group and 138 cases of PPA group. 2) When judged by the committee members, the overall efficacy rate (cases of excellent and good responses) was 57.3% in DL-8280 group and 49.3% in PPA group. A trend of higher efficacy rate was observed in DL-8280 group (P<0.10). The efficacy rate of DL-8280 group (80.5%) was superior to that of PPA group (60.7%) on the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media (P<0.05). 3) The clinical efficacy judged by the doctors in charge was similar to the evaluation by the committee members, however, no significant difference was observed between two groups. 4) Concerning the symptoms, the property of otorrhea was much improved by the treatment of DL-8280 (improvement rate 79.1%) than by the treatment with PPA (65.5%) on the last day of treatment (P<0.05). Bacteriological efficacy: The causative organisms isolated from the patients were eradicated in a higher rate in DL-8280 group (67.5%) than in PPA group (56.3%) in total patients (P<0.10). For the acute suppurative otitis media, the ratios of eradication were 87.5% and 64.3%, in DL-8280 group and PPA group, respectively (P<0.05). Of the strains isolated, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were particularly well responded to DL-8280 treatment. Safety: Side effects were observed in 8 of 145 cases (5.5%) in DL-8280 group and in 8 of 146 cases (5.5%) in PPA group. No serious side effects were observed. From these results, it was concluded that DL-8280 is a safe and useful drug which is able to provide a higher clinical efficacy as PPA, at a dose level of only one-third of PPA.
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