A 70-year-old patient was admitted to the Department of Oral Medicine for multiple oral ulcerations on the left buccal mucosa, around 0.5 cm in diameter, as well as on the gingiva. Otherwise, the ...patient suffered from chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hypogammaglobulinemia,
chronic renal insufficiency, with complete afunction of the right kidney, asthma, hypertension, gastritis and prostate hyperplasia. Differential diagnosis of oral ulcerations included drug induced oral ulcerations, paraneoplastic pemphigus, viral ulcerations (cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses),
fungal ulcerations (candidiasis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis) and bacterial ulcerations, as well as neutropenic ulcers. One of the possible explanations was that the lesions were due to the use of drugs, the more so as oral lesions evolved when the doses of allopurinol and chlorambucil were
increased, and subsided when the doses of both drugs were decreased. However, we could not establish for sure whether the lesions were due to allopurinol or chlorambucil. According to literature data, allopurinol is one of the most frequent drugs known to induce skin adverse reactions, therefore we
assumed that it was the culprit drug. Unfortunately, several weeks later the patient died from sepsis, pneumonia with respiratory insufficiency and multiorgan failure.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immunologically T cell-mediated disease caused by an unknown stimulus. Despite intensive investigation its pathogenesis still remains unknown. A few possible ...associations between OLP and certain diseases such as thyroid and malignant diseases as well as specific medication intake have been proposed in the literature with inconsistent findings. We aimed to investigate the profile of 163 Australian and 163 Croatian OLP patients with special regard to their systemic diseases, medication intake (with special regard to the drugs that metabolize through Cytochrome P450), OLP type and localization, as well as involvement of other body surfaces with lichen. We did not find any statistical significance with regard to the OLP presence and thyroid and malignant diseases. As expected, the reticular type of OLP was most prevalent, as well as involvement of the both buccal mucosas. There was no significant association with other oral diseases such as labial herpes. Simultaneous involvement of other body surfaces in patients with OLP does not seem to be prevalent. None of the medical conditions which were investigated had significant correlation with OLP neither in Australian nor in Croatian patients with OLP. Furthermore, the use of drugs which metabolize through Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) was not significantly correlated with OLP in either studied population. Therefore, we conclude that patients with OLP are not to be routinely screened for any systemic conditions.
Svrha ovog prikaza slučaja bila je opisati vrlo rijetku oralnu leziju kao posljedicu primarne plućne tuberkuloze. Prikaz slučaja: Opisan je bolesnik s refraktornom bezbolnom ulceracijom ventralne ...površine jezika. Pacijentu je uzeta detaljna medicinska anamneza te obavljen klinički pregled sluznice usne šupljine i palpacija regionalnih limfnih čvorova. Kliničkim pregledom ustanovljena je ulceracija na ventrolateralnoj površini jezika promjera oko dva centimetra. Palpacijom regionalnih limfnih čvorova nije otkriveno njihovo povećanje. Toluidinski test sumnjive lezije učinjen je tijekom svakoga kontrolnog pregleda. Biopsijski uzorci za histopatološku analizu uzeti su tri puta. Histopatološka analiza prvoga biopsijskog uzorka pokazala je nespecifičnu upalu, druga kazeoznu nekrozu bez pozitivnog bojenja prema Ziehl-Neelsenu, a treća granulomatoznu upalu visoko sumnjivu na sarkoidozu. Pacijent je tijekom hospitalizacije obavio cjelovit fizikalni pregled, te laboratorijsku i radiološku dijagnostiku. Fizikalni pregled prsnog koša pokazao je bilateralno prisutne grube krepitacije, a laboratorijski nalazi krvne slike normocitnu anemiju kronične bolesti. Na rendgenskoj snimci pluća uočeni su mali multipli čvorovi bilateralno, a nalaz direktnog sputuma bio je pozitivan. Zaključak: Iako je oralna tuberkuloza rijetko stanje, mora se uzeti u obzir u diferencijalnoj dijagnozi refraktornih bezbolnih oralnih ulkusa.
Dental disease has long been proposed as a potential causative agent in certain dermatological diseases. However, literature data on this association are scarce. The aim of this retrospective study ...was to evaluate dental status in 92 patients with various dermatological diseases who were referred to our Department for elimination of dental disease and to assess the relationship between dental infection and dermatological diseases. Dermatological conditions due to which patients were referred were alopecia, urticaria, eczematoid dermatitis, psoriasis, edema, etc. Out of 92 patients, 42 (45.7%) patients were referred for further dental treatment, while the remaining 50 (54.3%) patients had no observable dental pathology. None of the patients reported improvement following dental treatment. Based on the results of this study, we might conclude that dental infection does not play any role in the development of dermatological disease.
An 18-year-old girl was referred to the Department of Oral Medicine with upper lip swelling. She was in good general health and laboratory tests were within the normal range. Histopathologic ...diagnosis did not reveal the presence of granulomas. This is consistent with the finding that 30% of patients with orofacial granulomatosis do not have granulomas on their biopsies. The patient was treated with intralesional steroids once a week for three weeks. The lesion subsided, but not completely, and recurred partially after ketchup intake. This case report highlights the fact that in every patient with non-odontogenic facial or oral swelling, systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, tuberculosis, etc. must be excluded. Furthermore, it is not unusual that in patients with orofacial granulomatosis, noncaseating granulomas are absent in the histopathologic finding.
It has been suggested that certain viruses such as human papillomaviruses (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) might have a role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, results of the ...published studies are controversial and are dependent on the geographic distribution and methods of sampling and sample analysis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV 16 and EBV in OSCC patients. In 24 patients with OSCC (mean age 59.6 +/- 8.8) and 30 controls (mean age 49.1 +/- 8.3), 5 mL of blood was collected to determine the prevalence of EBV by serologic methods. In addition, swabs were obtained to analyze the presence of HPV 16 and EBV by use of polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed by use of Mann-Whitney test, chi2-test and Spearman correlation test. The results of this study showed that there were no significant differences between OSCC patients and control subjects according to the presence of EBV or HPV 16. Therefore, it can be concluded that the role of the aforementioned viruses is less likely in our population of OSCC patients.
We present a case of an 80-year-old male who was referred to the Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine University of Zagreb, Croatia due to gingival ulcer which was present for eight ...days. Clinical examination has revealed exposed bone on the toothless alveolar ridge in the lower molar region on the right side of 0.8 cm in diameter. Otherwise, the patient was taking doxazosin due to urinary problems and ipatropium bromide due to respiratory problems. The patient wore a 6-year-old partial lower denture. He was initially treated with periodontal bandage (Resopack, HagenWerken, Germany) for the first three days and was instructed not to wear the denture; however, no benefit could be seen. Therefore, we added a local corticosteroid (betamethasone) and an oral antiseptic (chlorhexidine digluconate) applied three times a day. After 3 weeks the lesion healed. A list of possible causative factors regarding gingival ulcers is included.
We present case of oral and skin anaplastic T-cell lymphoma in a 68-year-old woman. The patient presented with extensive ulcerations and necrotic tissue on the left mandibular gingiva. ...Orthopantomogram finding showed extensive necrolytic lesions of the adjacent mandible. Biopsy finding of oral lesions and subsequently of the skin confirmed the diagnosis of anaplastic T-cell lymphoma. The bridge on the teeth 35-37 was taken out. After three cycles of chemotherapy, oral lesions subsided, unlike skin lesions. Dentists should be aware that differential diagnosis when dealing with oral ulcerations might be the result of certain malignant hematologic diseases.
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