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•CdS/ZnO composite was prepared via a combination of hydrothermal and deposition method.•Ultrasonic vibration energy was harvested for piezocatalytic degradation of RhB.•CdS/ZnO ...presented much better performance in piezocatalytic RhB degradation than ZnO or CdS.•The high performance was mainly ascribed to the improved charge separation.
CdS/ZnO nano heterojunction was synthesized and applied in piezocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under ultrasonic vibration. The optimal CdS/ZnO composite with a CdS content of 35% presented the highest RhB degradation efficiency (98.8%) in 90 min. The degradation rate reached 4.02 h−1, which was 5.6 and 2.8 times higher than that of CdS and ZnO, respectively. In addition, CdS/ZnO showed high stability in the piezocatalytic reaction. The as-prepared CdS/ZnO piezocatalysts were characterized by multiple techniques to reveal the nature behind the enhanced catalytic activity. Results indicated that CdS nanoparticles were tightly loaded onto the surface of ZnO. The piezoelectric properties of the CdS/ZnO composites were the origin of their piezocatalytic behavior. The suitable band potentials of CdS and ZnO triggered the formation of a heterojunction structure, thereby driving the second distribution of the piezo-induced charge carriers. Therefore, the separation efficiency of charge carriers and the piezocatalytic performance was greatly elevated. The high piezocatalytic activity and stability indicated that CdS/ZnO may have wide application potential in the piezocatalytic degradation of organic dyes by using ultrasonic vibration energy.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess significant regulatory functions in multiple biological and pathological processes, especially in cancer. Dysregulated lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ...and their therapeutic applications remain unclear.
Differentially expressed lncRNA profile in HCC was constructed using TCGA data. LINC00958 expression level was examined in HCC cell lines and tissues. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to demonstrate the prognostic value of LINC00958. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments were used to assess the effects of LINC00958 on cell proliferation, motility, and lipogenesis. Patient-derived xenograft model was established for in vivo experiments. RNA immunoprecipitation, dual luciferase reporter, biotin-labeled miRNA pull-down, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and RNA sequencing assays were performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. We developed a PLGA-based nanoplatform encapsulating LINC00958 siRNA and evaluated its superiority for systemic administration.
We identified a lipogenesis-related lncRNA, LINC00958, whose expression was upregulated in HCC cell lines and tissues. High LINC00958 level independently predicted poor overall survival. Functional assays showed that LINC00958 aggravated HCC malignant phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC00958 sponged miR-3619-5p to upregulate hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) expression, thereby facilitating HCC lipogenesis and progression. METTL3-mediated N
-methyladenosine modification led to LINC00958 upregulation through stabilizing its RNA transcript. A PLGA-based nanoplatform loaded with si-LINC00958 was developed for HCC systemic administration. This novel drug delivery system was controlled release, tumor targeting, safe, and presented satisfactory antitumor efficacy.
Our results delineate the clinical significance of LINC00958 in HCC and the regulatory mechanisms involved in HCC lipogenesis and progression, providing a novel prognostic indicator and promising nanotherapeutic target.
► Biological contamination in mass cultivation of microalgae is inevitable. ► Transmission routes of biological pollutants are analyzed. ► Different biological pollutants species have different ...contamination mechanisms. ► Recent attempts to overcome the contamination are under active study.
The potential of microalgae as a biomass feedstock for biofuels, bioproducts and as a technological solution for CO2 fixation is subject to intense academic and industrial researches. However, current microalgal mass culture technologies have failed to produce bulk volume of microalgal biomass at low cost, because the contaminations of biological pollutants become a big constraint in mass cultivation and impede the industrial process. Here the transmission routes, contamination mechanisms of biological pollutants both in open ponds and photobioreactors are described and recent attempts to overcome the barrier are reviewed. What worth noting, unlike conventional microbial fermentation which uses a pure monoculture, the cultivation of microalgae is a complicated symbiotic system of microalgae–bacterial–zooplankton where the target microalgae dominate, cross infection or contamination by biological pollutants is inevitable and it will require much further research. Further investigation and development of control methods are necessary, particularly microalgal strain selection.
The effect of storage temperature and time on lipid composition of Scenedesmus sp. was studied. When stored at 4°C or higher, the free fatty acid content in the wet biomass increased from a trace to ...62.0% by day 4. Using two-step catalytic conversion, algae oil with a high free fatty acid content was converted to biodiesel by pre-esterification and transesterification. The conversion rate of triacylglycerols reached 100% under the methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1 during catalysis with 2% potassium hydroxide at 65°C for 30min. This process was scaled up to produce biodiesel from Scenedesmus sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. oil. The crude biodiesel was purified using bleaching earth. Except for moisture content, the biodiesel conformed to Chinese National Standards.
Abstract
We report on the discovery of a rare case of spatially and kinematically resolved galactic-scale outflow at intermediate redshift based on VLT/MUSE optical integral field spectroscopic ...observation of the quasar HE 0238–1904. This classical non–broad absorption line quasar at
z
= 0.631 remains underexplored in its optical emission lines, though its UV absorption lines are well studied. We identify a superbubble driven by HE 0238−1904 from the emission line morphology, line ratio diagnostics, and kinematics showing a one-sided outflow reaching a projected distance of
R
∼ 55 kpc from the nucleus. The bulk of the ionized gas, with a characteristic mass
M
∼ 10
8
M
⊙
, is blueshifted by
v
≈ 700 km s
−1
with respect to the quasar systemic velocity. The outflows detected using the absorption and emission lines are likely stratified components of different spatial scale and velocity in the ionized phase outflow. Although feedback in HE 0238–1904 is taking place on kiloparsec scales, the kinetic power of the outflow at 55 kpc (≪0.1%
L
bol
) implies that it is inadequate to effectively regulate the evolution of the host galaxy at this large scale.
In this paper, a novel algorithm is presented for warhead recognition in the defense of ballistic missiles. The range profiles from the warheads of interest in typical illumination directions form a ...dataset. First, each range profile in the dataset is compared to the range profile of the target under observation, and the most similar range profile is found. Then, the observed target is considered as a warhead if the deviation of its range profile from the most similar range profile is less than or equal to a threshold. The threshold is chosen such that the detection rate is a constant. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Since the threshold is automatically calculated according to the detection rate, this algorithm has a larger applicability than the current methods based on range-profile matching.
Improved Global Range Alignment for ISAR Junfeng Wang, Junfeng Wang; Xingzhao Liu, Xingzhao Liu
IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems,
07/2007, Volume:
43, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
An improved global range alignment is presented for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. The shifts of the echoes are modeled as a polynomial, and the coefficients of this polynomial are ...chosen to optimize a quality measure of range alignment. The shift in the time domain is carried out by introducing a phase ramp in the frequency domain in order to remove the limitation of integer steps. Because the quality measure of range alignment is calculated directly in the frequency domain, this method is computationally more efficient than the original global method.
A magnetically assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor for single-cell detection of S. aureus on the basis of aptamer recognition is reported for the first time. The biosensor ...consists of two basic elements including a SERS substrate (Ag-coated magnetic nanoparticles, AgMNPs) and a novel SERS tag (AuNR-DTNB@Ag-DTNB core-shell plasmonic NPs or DTNB-labeled inside-and-outside plasmonic NPs, DioPNPs). Uniform, monodisperse, and superparamagnetic AgMNPs with favorable SERS activity and magnetic responsiveness are synthesized by using polymer polyethylenimine. AgMNPs use magnetic enrichment instead of repeated centrifugation to prevent sample sedimentation. DioPNPs are designed and synthesized as a novel SERS tag. The Raman signal of DioPNPs is 10 times stronger than that of the commonly used SERS tag AuNR-DTNB because of the double-layer DTNB and the LSPR position adjustment to match the given laser excitation wavelength. Consequently, a strong SERS enhancement is achieved. Under the optimized aptamer density and linker length, capture by aptamer-modified AgMNPs can achieve favorable bacteria arrest (up to 75%). With the conventional Raman spectroscopy, the limit of detection (LOD) is 10 cells/mL for S. aureus detection, and a good linear relationship is also observed between the SERS intensity at Raman peak 1331 cm(-1) and the logarithm of bacteria concentrations ranging from 10(1) to 10(5) cells/mL. With the help of the newly developed SERS mapping technique, single-cell detection of S. aureus is easily achieved.
We have designed and synthesized a novel ratiometric fluorescent chemodosimeter MHF-based ESIPT process for specific detection of cysteine among the biological thiols. The probe MHF shows very weak ...blue fluorescence under UV excitation. Upon addition of cysteine (Cys), the reaction of Cys with MHF induces acrylate hydrolysis, thereby enabling the ESIPT process to shift the weak blue emission to a strong green emission with about 20-fold enhancement. We utilized 1H NMR spectra to elucidate the fluorescence sensing mechanism. Moreover, the cellular imaging experiment indicated the MHF possessed excellent selectivity, low cytotoxicity, and desirable cell permeability for biological applications.
The utilization of long reads for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phasing has become popular, providing substantial support for research on human diseases and genetic studies in animals and ...plants. However, due to the complexity of the linkage relationships between SNP loci and sequencing errors in the reads, the recent methods still cannot yield satisfactory results.BACKGROUNDThe utilization of long reads for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) phasing has become popular, providing substantial support for research on human diseases and genetic studies in animals and plants. However, due to the complexity of the linkage relationships between SNP loci and sequencing errors in the reads, the recent methods still cannot yield satisfactory results.In this study, we present a graph-based algorithm, GCphase, which utilizes the minimum cut algorithm to perform phasing. First, based on alignment between long reads and the reference genome, GCphase filters out ambiguous SNP sites and useless read information. Second, GCphase constructs a graph in which a vertex represents alleles of an SNP locus and each edge represents the presence of read support; moreover, GCphase adopts a graph minimum-cut algorithm to phase the SNPs. Next, GCpahse uses two error correction steps to refine the phasing results obtained from the previous step, effectively reducing the error rate. Finally, GCphase obtains the phase block. GCphase was compared to three other methods, WhatsHap, HapCUT2, and LongPhase, on the Nanopore and PacBio long-read datasets. The code is available from https://github.com/baimawjy/GCphase .RESULTSIn this study, we present a graph-based algorithm, GCphase, which utilizes the minimum cut algorithm to perform phasing. First, based on alignment between long reads and the reference genome, GCphase filters out ambiguous SNP sites and useless read information. Second, GCphase constructs a graph in which a vertex represents alleles of an SNP locus and each edge represents the presence of read support; moreover, GCphase adopts a graph minimum-cut algorithm to phase the SNPs. Next, GCpahse uses two error correction steps to refine the phasing results obtained from the previous step, effectively reducing the error rate. Finally, GCphase obtains the phase block. GCphase was compared to three other methods, WhatsHap, HapCUT2, and LongPhase, on the Nanopore and PacBio long-read datasets. The code is available from https://github.com/baimawjy/GCphase .Experimental results show that GCphase under different sequencing depths of different data has the least number of switch errors and the highest accuracy compared with other methods.CONCLUSIONSExperimental results show that GCphase under different sequencing depths of different data has the least number of switch errors and the highest accuracy compared with other methods.
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