Lithium metal as an ultimate anode material of future rechargeable batteries may furnish the highest energy density for its pairing cathode, although preventing the growth of lithium dendrites in ...liquid electrolytes is a major challenge. This work reports that stable lithium metal anodes can be achieved by charging with high‐frequency sinusoidal ripple current generated by rotating triboelectric nanogenerators (R‐TENGs). Compared with constant DC current charging, sinusoidal ripple current charging by R‐TENG improves the uniformity of lithium deposition during cycling test. Consequently, symmetric Li/Li cells exhibit lower overpotential and better cycling stability. In addition, full cells assembled with lithium metal anodes and LiFePO4 cathodes show considerably improved capacity retention when charged by R‐TENG's sinusoidal ripple current (99.5%) compared to constant current (78.7%) after 200 cycles. The charging strategy device in this work provides a promising direction toward improving the cycle life of Li metal batteries. In addition, the combination of R‐TENGs with Li metal batteries offers an encouraging solution for achieving stable energy supply in self‐powered systems.
Stable lithium metal anodes are attained when charged by a rotary triboelectric nanogenerator which generates a sinusoidal ripple current. Improved lithium deposition morphology and cycle life of lithium metal batteries are achieved via sinusoidal ripple current charging than square wave current and constant current charging due to suppressed lithium dendrite growth.
Hydropower is an important renewable resource, and is derived from the energy of falling, fast-running, and/or oscillating motions of water, including rainfall, tidal currents, waves, and river ...flows. Over the centuries, the kinetic energy of hydropower has generally been harvested for either replacing labour directly, or for generating power with electromagnetic generators (EMG). However, it is possible to ignore another important energy source contained in water: the triboelectric energy. Following the first report of water-solid triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), several types of interesting systems have been studied for harvesting the hydropower from rainfall, tides, waves, river flows, etc. TENG devices provide power differently from EMGs; EMGs generate electricity by a Lorenz force-driven electron flow, whereas TENG devices produce power by asymmetric screening of triboelectric charges in the form of displacement current. With this mechanism, power generation is achieved using water contact and separation motions with the TENG devices. In addition, the output performance of a water-solid TENG device is different from that of EMGs in terms of current, voltage, and frequency. The present study comprehensively reviews water-solid TENG devices for hydropower harvesting. This review first addresses the formation of tribo-charges on a solid surface, followed by the configuration, working principles, and parameters affecting the output performance, as well as applications for energy harvesting and self-powered sensors and actuators. Finally, this study provides an outlook of potential opportunities and challenges.
•This study reviews an alternative way for harvesting the hydro energy.•Types of hydro energy sources are comprehensively reviewed.•The reviewed techniques are summarized and suggestion for future study is raised.
Aybrid tribo/piezoelectric nanogenerators (HTPENG) have been proven to be highly efficient and versatile as far as the collection and conversion of ambient energy are concerned, and the introduction ...of flexible and green materials is a key step for their potential applications. Here, we developed a HTPENG by using nitrocellulose nanofibril paper as the triboelectric layer and BaTiO
3
/MWCNT@bacterial cellulose paper as the piezoelectric layer. The output of the triboelelctric paper has considerable performance as fluorinated ethylene propylene, and the output of piezoelectric paper is more than ten times higher than the BTO/polydimethylsiloxane structure. The integrated outputs of the sandwich structured HTPENG are 18 V and 1.6 µA·cm
−2
, which are capable of lighting up three LED bulbs and charging a 1 µF capacitor to 2.5 V in 80 s. In addition, the voltage signal generated by the HTPENG in contact-separation mode can be used for dynamic pressure detection. The linear range of dynamic pressure is from 0.5 to 3 N·cm
−2
with a high sensitivity of 8.276 V·cm
2
N
−1
and a detection limit of 0.2 N·cm
−2
. This work provides new insights into the design and application of cellulose-based hybrid nanogenerators with high flexibility and simple structure.
...clinicians and scientists have a crucial role in responding to such EZV outbreaks. ...it was the clinicians who led to the early detection of and warning about the 2019-nCoV outbreak in China. ......a One Health approach11 in EZV outbreak responses and control is vital.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses and causes of epidemic diseases that have resulted in public health ...emergencies worldwide. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor that allows the entry of these two viruses into host cells, a key step in the life cycle of the pathogens. The characterization of the interactions of ACE2 with the viral spike glycoproteins and structural studies of the ACE2-binding-induced conformational changes in the viral spike glycoproteins have furthered our understanding of the entry processes of these two viruses, and these studies provide useful information that will facilitate the development of antiviral agents and vaccines to control the diseases.
This study aims to evaluate systematically the efficacy of Kinesio taping (KT) on the knee function of individuals who undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).
This study was ...registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023399885) on February 26, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effects on the knee function of KT among individuals after ACLR were electronically searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and EBSCO from inception to July 02, 2023. The outcome measures included six continuous variables: quadriceps strength, hamstring strength, knee swelling, knee flexion angle, Lysholm knee function score, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores. The Cochrane Risk Bias Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature.
Seven RCTs including 278 patients who underwent ACLR were included in the systematic review. One of three (33%) studies found a remarkable increase in quadricep strength associated with the use of KT compared with the control group. Two of two (100%) studies found substantial increases in hamstring strength associated with KT. Two of four (50%) studies reported KT reduced knee swelling. Two of five (40%) studies reported considerable improvements in knee flexion angle in the groups that used KT. All three (100%) studies found KT did not improve Lysholm knee function scores. Three of four (75%) studies noted a significant reduction in VAS pain scores associated with KT.
KT may help improve hamstring strength and reduce knee swelling and pain in patients after ACLR. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of KT on quadricep strength and knee flexion angle.
Wearable electrochemical biosensors for sweat analysis present a promising means for noninvasive biomarker monitoring. However, sweat‐based sensing still poses several challenges, including easy ...degradation of enzymes and biomaterials with repeated testing, limited detection range and sensitivity of enzyme‐based biosensors caused by oxygen deficiency in sweat, and poor shelf life of sensors using all‐in‐one working electrodes patterned by traditional techniques (e.g., electrodeposition and screen printing). Herein, a stretchable, wearable, and modular multifunctional biosensor is developed, incorporating a novel MXene/Prussian blue (Ti3C2Tx/PB) composite designed for durable and sensitive detection of biomarkers (e.g., glucose and lactate) in sweat. A unique modular design enables a simple exchange of the specific sensing electrode to target the desired analytes. Furthermore, an implemented solid–liquid–air three‐phase interface design leads to superior sensor performance and stability. Typical electrochemical sensitivities of 35.3 µA mm−1 cm−2 for glucose and 11.4 µA mm−1 cm−2 for lactate are achieved using artificial sweat. During in vitro perspiration monitoring of human subjects, the physiochemistry signals (glucose and lactate level) can be measured simultaneously with high sensitivity and good repeatability. This approach represents an important step toward the realization of ultrasensitive enzymatic wearable biosensors for personalized health monitoring.
A stretchable, wearable, and modular multifunctional biosensor is developed, incorporating a novel MXene/Prussian blue (Ti3C2Tx/PB) composite designed for durable and sensitive detection of biomarkers in sweat. A unique modular design enables a simple exchange of the specific sensing electrode. This approach represents an important step toward the realization of ultrasensitive enzymatic wearable biosensors for personalized health monitoring.
In this paper, a hybrid triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been developed for simultaneously harvesting the electrostatic energy and mechanical impact energy from water wave. It is comprised of ...two parts: an interfacial electrification enabled TENG (IE-TENG) and an impact-TENG. The IE-TENG, composed of a fluorinated ethylene propylene thin film and an array of electrodes underneath, is used to harvest electrostatic energy arising from the water-solid interface. The impact-TENG, constructed with nanostructured polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin films and elastic wavy electrodes, is used to scavenge the mechanical impact energy from water wave. Under water waves propagating at a speed of 0.5m/s, the short-circuit current of the IE-TENG and impact-TENG can reach 5.1µA and 4.3µA, respectively, which is able to drive nearly 50 LEDs simultaneously. Considering that natural water bodies may contain minerals and salt, the influence of NaCl concentration on the electric output of device has been investigated. Moreover, the hybrid TENG was developed as a self-powered distress signals emitter that may be used for life saving in water landing or swimming in evening. Considering the scalability of this technology, this work demonstrates the great potential of TENG in areas of hydropower harvesting, environmental monitoring and maritime search and rescue.
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•The designed TENG is based on the hybridization of IE-TENG and impact-TENG.•This TENG can harvest the electrostatic energy and mechanical energy from water.•The hybrid TENG can scavenge energy from water wave and rain drops.•The hybrid TENG can be embedded in life vests to emit distress signals on water.
Long-term effectiveness and persistence are two important criterias to evaluate alternative remediation technology of heavy metal polluted soils. Pot and field studies showed addition of sepiolite ...was effective in immobilizing Cd in polluted soils, with significant reduction in TCLP extracts (0.6%–49.6% and 4.0%–32.5% reduction in pot and field experiments, respectively) and plant uptake (14.4%–84.1% and 22.8%–61.4% declines in pot and field studies, correspondingly). However, the applications of sepiolite offered a limited guarantee for the safety of edible vegetables in Cd-polluted soils, depending on the soil type, the Cd pollution type and level, and the dose and application frequency of chemical amendments. Bioassays, such as plant growth, soil enzymatic activities and microbial community diversity, indicated a certain degree of recovery of soil metabolic function. Therefore, sepiolite-assisted in situ remediation is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and technically applicable, and can be successfully used to reduce Cd enter into the food chain on field scale.
•Sepiolite has reliability and stability for remediation of contaminated Cd.•Sepiolite significantly decreases Cd bioavailability in soil and uptake in plant.•The treatment of sepiolite improves soil quality.
Sepiolite not only decreased soil Cd bioavailability and plant Cd uptake, but also improved soil quality.
The phenomenon of contact electrification (CE) has been known for thousands of years, but the nature of the charge carriers and their transfer mechanisms are still under debate. Here, the CE and ...triboelectric charging process are studied for a metal–dielectric case at different thermal conditions by using atomic force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy. The charge transfer process at the nanoscale is found to follow the modified thermionic‐emission model. In particular, the focus here is on the effect of a temperature difference between two contacting materials on the CE. It is revealed that hotter solids tend to receive positive triboelectric charges, while cooler solids tend to be negatively charged, which suggests that the temperature‐difference‐induced charge transfer can be attributed to the thermionic‐emission effect, in which the electrons are thermally excited and transfer from a hotter surface to a cooler one. Further, a thermionic‐emission band‐structure model is proposed to describe the electron transfer between two solids at different temperatures. The findings also suggest that CE can occur between two identical materials owing to the existence of a local temperature difference arising from the nanoscale rubbing of surfaces with different curvatures/roughness.
The effect of temperature on contact electrification (CE) is investigated at the nanoscale. It is found that hotter materials tend to be positively charged while cooler materials tend to be negatively charged in CE. Based on the results, an electron thermal‐emission model is proposed. The temperature effect provides strong evidence for electron transfer in CE.
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