•Research progress of CCUS in the iron and steel industry were reviewed.•The maturity and applicability of various technologies were further analyzed.•Four kinds of coupling schemes were proposed for ...CCUS in the iron and steel industry.
The iron and steel industry is a dominant carbon emission source in China. CCUS is an important potential technology for large-scale carbon reduction. However, due to the characteristics of multi-point source emissions of the iron and steel industry, the application is still in its infancy. Here, the research progresses of CCUS technology in the iron and steel industry are systematically reviewed, including the projects and novel materials. The maturity and applicability of various technologies were further analyzed by considering the CO2 emission characteristics of different steel-making processes. Finally, four kinds of integrated schemes of CCUS in the iron and steel industry were proposed, including “synergistic chemical utilization of hydrogen resource and CO2”, “steel slag mineralization and carbon fixation in coordination with solid waste disposal”, “microalgae biological carbon fixation collaborative wastewater treatment”, and “CO2 geological utilization and storage”. The applicability of the proposed integrated schemes were further analyzed based on the regional distribution of iron and steel enterprises in China. The results of this work were aimed at facilitating the application of CCUS in the iron and steel industry in China.
•A novel double network hydrogel with superior mechanical property was prepared.•The prepared hydrogel maintained good self-healing properties.•The hydrogel possessed an excellent antibacterial ...property (antibacterial rate >93%), which could protect itself from microbial attack.
Novel antibacterial double-network (DN) hydrogels with superior mechanical and self-healing properties are developed via the UV-initiated copolymerization of polyacrylic acid (PAA)-grafted quaternized cellulose (QCE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The QCE functioned as an antibacterial agent, resulting in excellent antibacterial capability (antibacterial rate >93%). The hydrogels are thus protected from microbial attack in natural environments, prolonging their lifetime. The PVA functioned as a physical cross-linker, resulting in superior mechanical properties. At PVA and QCE contents of 8% and 1.5%, respectively, the strain and stress at break of hydrogel were 465.37% and 1.13MPa, respectively. The hydrogel maintained good self-healing properties owing to ionic bonding between the ferric ions and carboxylic groups, and hydrogen bonding between the PVA molecules. The hydrogel was responsive to pH; its water-holding ability could be controlled by changing the pH. The material is simply prepared and used. Hydrogels with such excellent properties could be applied in various biomedical fields.
Organization of gold nanoobjects by oligonucleotides has resulted in many three‐dimensional colloidal assemblies with diverse size, shape, and complexity; nonetheless, autonomous and temporal control ...during formation remains challenging. In contrast, living systems temporally and spatially self‐regulate formation of functional structures by internally orchestrating assembly and disassembly kinetics of dissipative biomacromolecular networks. We present a novel approach for fabricating four‐dimensional gold nanostructures by adding an additional dimension: time. The dissipative character of our system is achieved using exonuclease III digestion of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fuel as an energy‐dissipating pathway. Temporal control over amorphous clusters composed of spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and well‐defined core–satellite structures from gold nanorods (AuNRs) and AuNPs is demonstrated. Furthermore, the high specificity of DNA hybridization allowed us to demonstrate selective activation of the evolution of multiple architectures of higher complexity in a single mixture containing small and larger spherical AuNPs and AuNRs.
Golden ratio: Four‐dimensional gold (Au) nanostructures were fabricated by a dissipative assembly strategy. The dissipative character of the system was realized by utilizing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as the fuel and exonuclease III (Exo III) as the energy‐dissipating unit, to generate AuNPs functionalized with short single‐stranded DNA oligonucleotides. The assemblies possess surface plasmonic resonance properties.
The paper aimed to examine the association between obesity status and successful aging among elderly adults in China and further find gender differences in the effect of components of successful ...aging on obesity status.
The data came from the follow-up survey(2015) of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and 4019 dwellers age 60 and over are included. Obesity status were defined by the body mass index (BMI) according to Chinese criteria. Successful aging was defined following Rowe and Kahn's multidimensional model. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between obesity status and successful aging.
The rate of successful aging in men and women was 18.87 and 9.48% respectively. For BMI, the proportion of population with underweight, overweight and obesity in men was 10.29, 23.04 and 29.63% respectively and that in women was 1.40, 11.69 and 9.47%. Men with obesity (OR = 1.587 95% CI 1.087 ~ 2.316) has an positive relationship with successful aging than normal weight men; Women with underweight (OR = 0.197 95% CI 0.058 ~ 0.824) has an negative relationship with successful aging than normal weight women; Meanwhile, no matter men and women, the relationship between obesity status and successful aging were not significant among oldest adults(≥75 years).
Obesity status was significantly association with successful aging in young older adults (60-74 years), and the components of successful aging differently were related with the obesity status of male and female.
Wound healing is a sophisticated process consisting of serial phases with overlaps, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The inflammation response is an early response ...that plays a crucial role in eliminating microbes and clearing damaged cell debris. However, in some pathological circumstances, such as diabetes mellitus, ischemia, trauma, deep burn, etc., abnormal inflammation can cause impaired wound healing. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) belong to the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) family and exhibit prospective applications in tissue regeneration and dermatological repairs. ADSC-secreted extracellular vesicles (ADSC-EVs) mimic the functions of ADSCs without the concerns of cell survival, immune response, or ethical issues. Studies have revealed that ADSC-EVs can inhibit abnormal inflammation responses and accelerate wound healing through various mechanisms. Moreover, some studies explored modifications in the cargo components of ADSC-EVs to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Given the increasing studies focusing on the potential of ADSC-EVs in wound healing, how they interfere with different phases of this process has been investigated in pieces. In this review, we summarized all up-to-date evidence to map a clearer picture of the underlying mechanisms of ADSC-EVs in inflammation response. The applications of ADSC-EVs aiming at inflammation in the healing process were also reviewed to provide therapeutic strategies for future investigators.
The identification of co-regulated genes and their Transcription-Factor Binding Sites (TFBSs) are the key steps toward understanding transcription regulation. In addition to effective laboratory ...assays, various bi-clustering algorithms for the detection of the co-expressed genes have been developed. Bi-clustering methods are used to discover subgroups of genes with similar expression patterns under to-be-identified subsets of experimental conditions when applied to gene expression data. By building two fuzzy partition matrices of the gene expression data with the Axiomatic Fuzzy Set (AFS) theory, this paper proposes a novel fuzzy bi-clustering algorithm for the identification of co-regulated genes. Specifically, the gene expression data are transformed into two fuzzy partition matrices via the sub-preference relations theory of AFS at first. One of the matrices considers the genes as the universe and the conditions as the concept, and the other one considers the genes as the concept and the conditions as the universe. The identification of the co-regulated genes (bi-clusters) is carried out on the two partition matrices at the same time. Then, a novel fuzzy-based similarity criterion is defined based on the partition matrices, and a cyclic optimization algorithm is designed to discover the significant bi-clusters at the expression level. The above procedures guarantee that the generated bi-clusters have more significant expression values than those extracted by the traditional bi-clustering methods. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is evaluated with the performance of the three well-known bi-clustering algorithms on publicly available real microarray datasets. The experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical analysis and show that the proposed algorithm can effectively detect the co-regulated genes without any prior knowledge of the gene expression data.
Background
The present study aimed to qualitatively explore the food choice determinants of both Chinese immigrants living in Australia and Chinese people living in mainland China.
Methods
Eight ...Chinese Australian participants (female, n = 5; male, n = 3) and ten mainland Chinese participants (female, n = 5; male, n = 5) were recruited from Australia (primarily in Melbourne, Victoria) and China (predominantly in Zhengzhou, Henan province) between June 2021 and March 2022. Participants were diverse in age, socio‐economic background, occupation and health status. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted in Mandarin either face‐to‐face or using online video/voice calls. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Investigator triangulation was used to enhance scientific rigour.
Results
Four themes were identified: (1) food choice determinants were shaped by traditional and modern nutrition perceptions and personal food philosophy; (2) physiological responses to food provide direct feedback that impacts future food choices; (3) consideration of convenience was a predominant influencer of food choice; and (4) the differences in food environments between China and Australia promoted distinctive food choice determinants for Chinese people.
Conclusions
Chinese Australian and mainland Chinese participants' food choices are shaped by traditional Chinese nutrition philosophy, modern Western nutrition science and the contemporary food environment. There are clear cultural characteristics in their food choice determinants that should be considered by health educators, nutrition professionals and nutrition policymakers when developing culturally appropriate health interventions for Chinese people.
Exploring the determinants of food choice in Chinese immigrants living in Australia and Chinese people living in mainland China: A qualitative study
Key points
This exploratory study identified various influencers of food choice in Chinese population, informing health educators to consider cultural aspects when planning interventions for Chinese communities.
We built a high-resolution Boussinesq water-load model for the Badong County section of the Three Gorges Reservoir by referring to Google Earth image data for different years. We also analyzed the ...focal mechanism of some significant earthquakes, Coulomb stress, coda spectrum, the precise location of small earthquakes, and the characteristics of seismicity migration. Based on these investigations, we explain the seismogenic mechanism of earthquakes (from 2003 to now) in Badong County and trace the evolution of earthquakes in the reservoir area before and after impoundment on a NE–SW transect. Some preliminary findings are listed as follows: (1) The calculation results show that the hydraulic or Coulomb stress caused by the direct water load in the reservoir area is not the main reason for the continuous occurrence of earthquakes in recent years; in other words, the direct effect of hydraulic stress only plays a secondary role. (2) The migration and evolution of seismicity, together with the variation of coda spectrum density, suggest that the characteristics of different stages of fluid infiltration are obviously different. With the influence of continuous infiltration, earthquakes have occurred from shallow to deep, from scattered to crowded, and have gradually approached deeper and larger faults. In addition, the high-frequency energy released by these earthquakes increased. (3) Compared with the Wenchuan
M
S
8.0 and Xinfengjiang
M
S
6.1 earthquake, no earthquakes larger than
M
S
5.2 have occurred in the Badong and Zigui areas in the past 17 years, which far exceeds the time lag between the two mentioned strong earthquakes and impoundment of the respective reservoirs. This finding indicates that the occurrence of strong earthquakes near the reservoir area is mainly controlled by the risk level of original strong earthquakes, while fluid infiltration only provides a certain induction effect. (4) More attention should be paid to the role of invisible water in the process of seeping into the strata on both sides of the river. We conservatively estimate that the amount of invisible fluid infiltrating on both sides may be 15.1% greater than the visible water in the study area. Therefore, more careful analysis of geological disasters (e.g., landslides and earthquakes) caused by fluid infiltration of a long, narrow, and sharply sloped river after artificial impoundment is indeed required.
We fabricate cellulose/chitosan (CE/CS) aerogel with stable superhydrophilic (
θ
≈ 0°) and underwater superoleophobic (
θ
oil
> 150°) through a simple way. During the process of preparation of ...CE/CS aerogel, chitosan will self-assemble into number micron diameter particles on the surface of aerogel. Furthermore, the hydrogen bonding network structure of cellulose was destroyed and more hydrophilic groups (–OH) were exposed. Rough surface and hydrophilicity make CE/CS aerogel have a property of underwater superoleophobicity. CE/CS aerogel shows underwater superoleophobicity to different oils, and it still have stable superoleophobicity in corrosive solution. The important thing is that CE/CS aerogel can separate free oil/water mixture and surfactant-stabilized emulsions under gravity effectively. The sample is green, low cost, and environmental friendly, which is a promising candidate to be used in oil/water separation.
Over the last several decades, radiotherapy has been considered the primary treatment option for a broad range of cancer types, aimed at prolonging patients' survival and slowing down tumor ...regression. However, therapeutic outcomes of radiotherapy remain limited, and patients suffer from relapse shortly after radiation. Neutrophils can initiate an immune response to infection by releasing cytokines and chemokines to actively combat pathogens. In tumor immune microenvironment, tumor-derived signals reprogram neutrophils and induce their heterogeneity and functional versatility to promote or inhibit tumor growth. In this review, we present an overview of the typical phenotypes of neutrophils that emerge after exposure to low- and high-dose radiation. These phenotypes hold potential for developing synergistic therapeutic strategies to inhibit immunosuppressive activity and improve the antitumor effects of neutrophils to render radiation therapy as a more effective strategy for cancer patients, through tumor microenvironment modulation.
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