Abstract
Rare earth (RE
3+
)-doped phosphors generally suffer from thermal quenching, in which their photoluminescence (PL) intensities decrease at high temperatures. Herein, we report a class of ...unique two-dimensional negative-thermal-expansion phosphor of Sc
2
(MoO
4
)
3
:Yb/Er. By virtue of the reduced distances between sensitizers and emitters as well as confined energy migration with increasing the temperature, a 45-fold enhancement of green upconversion (UC) luminescence and a 450-fold enhancement of near-infrared downshifting (DS) luminescence of Er
3+
are achieved upon raising the temperature from 298 to 773 K. The thermally boosted UC and DS luminescence mechanism is systematically investigated through in situ temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffraction and PL dynamics. Moreover, the luminescence lifetime of
4
I
13/2
of Er
3+
in Sc
2
(MoO
4
)
3
:Yb/Er displays a strong temperature dependence, enabling luminescence thermometry with the highest relative sensitivity of 12.3%/K at 298 K and low temperature uncertainty of 0.11 K at 623 K. These findings may gain a vital insight into the design of negative-thermal-expansion RE
3+
-doped phosphors for versatile applications.
In addition to coding proteins, RNA molecules, especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have well‐established functions in regulating gene expression. The number of studies focused on the roles ...played by different types of lncRNAs in a variety of plant biological processes has markedly increased. These lncRNA roles involve plant vegetative and reproductive growth and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we examine the classification, mechanisms, and functions of lncRNAs and then emphasize the roles played by these lncRNAs in the communication between plants and the environment mainly with respect to the following environmental factors: temperature, light, water, salt stress, and nutrient deficiencies. We also discuss the consensus among researchers and the remaining challenges and underscore the exciting ways lncRNAs may affect the biology of plants.
Core Ideas
We summarize the classification, mechanisms, and functions of lncRNAs in plants.
We emphasize the roles of lncRNAs in the communication between plants and the environment.
We focus on the environmental factors including temperature, light, water, salt stress, and nutrient deficiencies.
AbstractObjectiveTo examine the protective effects of appropriate personal protective equipment for frontline healthcare professionals who provided care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 ...(covid-19).DesignCross sectional study.SettingFour hospitals in Wuhan, China.Participants420 healthcare professionals (116 doctors and 304 nurses) who were deployed to Wuhan by two affiliated hospitals of Sun Yat-sen University and Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University for 6-8 weeks from 24 January to 7 April 2020. These study participants were provided with appropriate personal protective equipment to deliver healthcare to patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 and were involved in aerosol generating procedures. 77 healthcare professionals with no exposure history to covid-19 and 80 patients who had recovered from covid-19 were recruited to verify the accuracy of antibody testing.Main outcome measuresCovid-19 related symptoms (fever, cough, and dyspnoea) and evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, defined as a positive test for virus specific nucleic acids in nasopharyngeal swabs, or a positive test for IgM or IgG antibodies in the serum samples.ResultsThe average age of study participants was 35.8 years and 68.1% (286/420) were women. These study participants worked 4-6 hour shifts for an average of 5.4 days a week; they worked an average of 16.2 hours each week in intensive care units. All 420 study participants had direct contact with patients with covid-19 and performed at least one aerosol generating procedure. During the deployment period in Wuhan, none of the study participants reported covid-19 related symptoms. When the participants returned home, they all tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 specific nucleic acids and IgM or IgG antibodies (95% confidence interval 0.0 to 0.7%).ConclusionBefore a safe and effective vaccine becomes available, healthcare professionals remain susceptible to covid-19. Despite being at high risk of exposure, study participants were appropriately protected and did not contract infection or develop protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Healthcare systems must give priority to the procurement and distribution of personal protective equipment, and provide adequate training to healthcare professionals in its use.
A nanocomposite is described that consists of TmPO
and graphene oxide (GO) and is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid ...(AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). GO and TmPO
were synthesized via the Hummers method and by a hydrothermal method, respectively. The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of the modified GCE were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The good performance of the modified GCE results from the synergistic effects between GO with its good electrical conductivity and of TmPO
as the electron mediator that accelerates the electron transfer rate. Compared to a bare GCE, a GO/GCE and a TmPO
/GCE, the GO/TmPO
/GCE exhibits three well-defined and separated oxidation peaks (at -0.05, +0.13 and + 0.26 V vs. SCE). Responses to AA, DA and UA are linear in the 0.1-1.0 mM, 2-20 μM and 10-100 μM concentration ranges, respectively. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a nanocomposite that consists TmPO
and graphene oxide (GO) and is used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to obtain a sensor for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA).
Plants have the remarkable ability to generate callus, a pluripotent cell mass that acquires competence for subsequent tissue regeneration. Global chromatin remodeling is required for this cell fate ...transition, but how the process is regulated is not fully understood. Chromatin-enriched noncoding RNAs (cheRNAs) are thought to play important roles in maintaining chromatin state. However, whether cheRNAs participate in somatic cell regeneration in plants has not yet been clarified.
To uncover the characteristics and functions of cheRNAs during somatic cell reprogramming in plants, we systematically investigate cheRNAs during callus induction, proliferation and regeneration in rice. We identify 2284 cheRNAs, most of which are novel long non-coding RNAs or small nucleolar RNAs. These cheRNAs, which are highly conserved across plant species, shuttle between chromatin and the nucleoplasm during somatic cell regeneration. They positively regulate the expression of neighboring genes via specific RNA motifs, which may interact with DNA motifs around cheRNA loci. Large-scale mutant analysis shows that cheRNAs are associated with plant size and seed morphology. Further detailed functional investigation of two che-lncRNAs demonstrates that their loss of function impairs cell dedifferentiation and plant regeneration, highlighting the functions of cheRNAs in regulating the expression of neighboring genes via specific motifs. These findings support cis- regulatory roles of cheRNAs in influencing a variety of rice traits.
cheRNAs are a distinct subclass of regulatory non-coding RNAs that are required for somatic cell regeneration and regulate rice traits. Targeting cheRNAs has great potential for crop trait improvement and breeding in future.
Multifunctional materials with working temperatures near room temperature are crucial for practical applications. Until now, it is still a great challenge to obtain such materials. In this paper, a ...complex of (C5NH13Cl)2MnBr4 (1) with a structural phase transition near room temperature is reported. The phase transition induces switchable magnetic properties, dielectric anomalies and luminescent response over the same range of temperatures. It is the first time the synergetic effect of magnetism, dielectricity and luminescence near room temperature have been observed in the same molecular complex.
A new organic‐inorganic hybrid phase transition (OIHPT) material, (C5NH13Cl)2MnBr4 shows magnetic, dielectric and luminescence synergetic response at near room temperature.
The mechanisms on metabolic regulation of immune responses are still elusive. We show here that viral infection induces immediate-early NF-κB activation independent of viral nucleic acid-triggered ...signaling, which triggers a rapid transcriptional induction of bile acid (BA) transporter and rate-limiting biosynthesis enzymes as well as accumulation of intracellular BAs in divergent cell types. The accumulated intracellular BAs activate SRC kinase via the TGR5-GRK-β-arrestin axis, which mediates tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple antiviral signaling components including RIG-I, VISA/MAVS, MITA/STING, TBK1 and IRF3. The tyrosine phosphorylation of these components by SRC conditions for efficient innate antiviral immune response. Consistently, TGR5 deficiency impairs innate antiviral immunity, whereas BAs exhibit potent antiviral activity in wild-type but not TGR5-deficient cells and mice. Our findings reveal an intrinsic and universal role of intracellular BA metabolism in innate antiviral immunity.
Comprehensive Summary
Luminescent metal–organic frameworks (LMOFs) have become a promising class of fluorescence sensing materials, however, the multi‐responsive LMOF sensors for organic compounds ...are rather rare. Herein, a water stable and highly efficient luminescent MOF with the formula of {Zn(BBZB)(2,6‐NDC)·solvents}n (JXUST‐10, BBZB = 4,7‐bis(1H‐benzimidazole‐1‐yl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 2,6‐NDC = 2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxylate) was constructed by the incorporation of Zn2+ and two organic ligands (BBZB and 2,6‐NDC) featuring the conjugate system. JXUST‐10 is a three‐dimensional two‐fold interpenetrated framework with good fluorescent property. Based on the luminescent characteristic, JXUST‐10 can be used as a multi‐responsive sensor for detection of three different analytes including tetracycline, benzaldehyde and uric acid via different luminescent change behaviours. Remarkably, fluorescence test paper and LED light devices are used to detect analytes through the visual change of luminescence colour of JXUST‐10 from blue greenish to yellow greenish under ultraviolet light (365 nm) irradiation. Furthermore, the probable sensing mechanisms for three target analytes were also discussed.
A water stable and highly efficient luminescence MOF (JXUST‐10) can simply sense tetracycline, benzaldehyde and uric acid via different fluorescence behaviour. Remarkably, fluorescence test paper and LED light devices are applied to detect benzaldehyde and uric acid through the visual change of luminescence color of JXUST‐10.
The objective is to determine whether a low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level is associated with an increased incidence of deep venous thromboembolic events in patients with ischemic stroke. ...One hundred eighty persons admitted consecutively for inpatient rehabilitation at the Department of Rehabilitation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke from January 2015 to December 2015 were enrolled. The following demographic data were collected: age, sex, body mass index, and history of risk factors. The levels of 25(OH)D and the presence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by routine duplex imaging were also recorded. The value of 25(OH)D needed to predict DVT was analyzed using logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for the possible confounders. We found that 80% of patients admitted to the acute inpatient rehabilitation unit had low levels of vitamin D. Forty-seven patients had DVT, and the incidence of DVT was 26.1% within 3 weeks after the stroke event. With all patients taken together, DVT occurrence as a dependent variable with the sufficient group as the reference used for vitamin D levels in the logistic analysis, deficiency of vitamin D was independently associated with the development of DVT (odds ratio = 4.683, 95% confidence interval: 1.396-15.703, P = .012). In conclusion, low serum 25(OH)D levels were independent predictors of DVT in patients with ischemic stroke during inpatient rehabilitation stay in China. This finding reveals the critical role played by 25(OH)D in the pathogenesis of DVT.
Multifunctional materials with a coexistence of proton conduction properties, single–molecule magnet (SMM) behaviors and magneto–optical Faraday effects have rarely been reported. Herein, a new pair ...of Cu(II)–Dy(III) enantiomers, DyCu2(RR/SS–H2L)2(H2O)4(NO3)2·(NO3)·(H2O) (R–1 and S–1) (H4L = RR/SS –N,N′–bis 3–hydroxysalicylidene –1,2–cyclohexanediamine), has been designed and prepared using homochiral Schiff–base ligands. R–1 and S–1 contain linear Cu(II)–Dy(III)–Cu(II) trinuclear units and possess 1D stacking channels within their supramolecular networks. R–1 and S–1 display chiral optical activity and strong magneto–optical Faraday effects. Moreover, R–1 shows a zero–field SMM behavior. In addition, R–1 demonstrates humidity– and temperature–dependent proton conductivity with optimal values of 1.34 × 10−4 S·cm−1 under 50 °C and 98% relative humidity (RH), which is related to a 1D extended H–bonded chain constructed by water molecules, nitrate and phenol groups of the RR–H2L ligand.
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