The surgical procedure in skin‐tumor therapy usually results in cutaneous defects, and multidrug‐resistant bacterial infection could cause chronic wounds. Here, for the first time, an injectable ...self‐healing antibacterial bioactive polypeptide‐based hybrid nanosystem is developed for treating multidrug resistant infection, skin‐tumor therapy, and wound healing. The multifunctional hydrogel is successfully prepared through incorporating monodispersed polydopamine functionalized bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGN@PDA) into an antibacterial F127‐ε‐Poly‐L‐lysine hydrogel. The nanocomposites hydrogel displays excellent self‐healing and injectable ability, as well as robust antibacterial activity, especially against multidrug‐resistant bacteria in vitro and in vivo. The nanocomposites hydrogel also demonstrates outstanding photothermal performance with (near‐infrared laser irradiation) NIR irradiation, which could effectively kill the tumor cell (>90%) and inhibit tumor growth (inhibition rate up to 94%) in a subcutaneous skin‐tumor model. In addition, the nanocomposites hydrogel effectively accelerates wound healing in vivo. These results suggest that the BGN‐based nanocomposite hydrogel is a promising candidate for skin‐tumor therapy, wound healing, and anti‐infection. This work may offer a facile strategy to prepare multifunctional bioactive hydrogels for simultaneous tumor therapy, tissue regeneration, and anti‐infection.
This paper reports an intrinsically multifunctional bioactive hybrid hydrogel for treating multidrug resistant infection, skin‐tumor therapy, and wound healing. The hybrid hydrogels display excellent self‐healing and injectable ability, as well as robust antibacterial activity, especially against multidrug‐resistant bacteria in vitro and in vivo, and also efficiently inhibits tumor growth and enhances wound healing.
The simultaneous therapy of tumors and bone defects resulting from tumor surgery is still a challenge in clinical orthopedics. Few nanomaterial systems simultaneously possess multifunctional ...capacities, including biodegradability, tumor treatment, and enhanced bone regeneration. Herein, we designed a biodegradable monodispersed bioactive glass nanoparticle (BGN) platform with multifunctional properties for enhanced colon cancer photothermo-chemotherapy and bone repair. The mussel-inspired surface assembly with BGN was established as a stable NIR-excited photothermal nanoplatform (BGN@PDA) for ablating tumors. BGN@PDA shows an ultrahigh anticancer drug (DOX) loading with on-demand (pH/NIR-responsive) drug release behavior and antibacterial activity for enhanced tumor chemotherapy (BGN@PDA-DOX). The growth of colon cancer cells (Hct116 cells) and cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells) was significantly inhibited
, and superior local anticancer efficacy could be achieved by synergic chemo-photothermal therapy
. BGN@PDA underwent a gradual degradation
during 60 days and showed negligible toxic side effects. Meanwhile, BGN@PDA could positively induce the osteogenesis of osteoblasts
and possess excellent
bone repair ability in rat cranial defects. This work presents a distinctive strategy to design a bioactive multifunctional nanoplatform for treating tumor disease-resulted bone tissue regeneration.
The lack of safe and efficient drug and gene delivery vectors has become a major obstacle for the clinical applications of drug and nonviral gene therapy. To date, for nonviral gene vectors, most ...studies are focused on cationic polymers, liposomes, and modified inorganic nanoparticles which have shown high cellular toxicity, low transfection efficiency, or nondegradation. Additionally, few biodegradable biomaterials demonstrate intrinsic high binding abilities to both drug and gene. Bioactive glasses (BGs) have achieved successful applications in bone regeneration due to their high biocompatibility and biodegradation. Here, for the first time, we demonstrate the intrinsic ultrahigh drug and miRNA binding ability of bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) without any cationic polymer modification. BGNs demonstrate an over 45-fold improvement in hydrophilic drug loading (diclofenac sodium) and 7-fold enhancement in miRNA binding over their corresponding silica nanoparticles. The hydrophilic drug loading ability of BGNs (>45 wt % loading) is also higher than that of most other reported inorganic nanoparticles, including mesoporous silica nanoparticles. BGNs show significantly lower cytotoxicity and higher cellular uptake and miRNA transfection efficiency compared to those of commercial transfection reagents polyethylenimine and lipofectamine 3000. Our results demonstrate that BGNs may become a new competitive vehicle for drug and gene delivery applications. This study may also provide a new strategy to develop novel biomaterials with intrinsic drug and gene binding ability for disease therapy.
Developing a reliable system to efficiently and safely deliver peptide drugs into tumor tissues still remains a great challenge since the instability of peptide drugs and low ability to traverse the ...cell membrane. Herein, we constructed a multifunctional nanoplatform based on porous europium/gadolinium (Eu/Gd)-doped NaLa(MoO
4
)
2
nanoparticles (NLM NPs) to deliver antitumor peptide of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2-like protein 11 (BIM) for cancer therapy. The porous NLM NPs exhibited inherent photoluminescent, magnetic and X-ray absorbable properties, which enable them for triple-modal bioimaging, including fluorescence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). This triple-modal bioimaging can contribute to monitoring NLM NPs biodistribution and guiding therapy
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Furthermore, the NLM NPs showed negligible cytotoxicity
in vitro
and tissue toxicity
in vivo
. Importantly, NLM NPs could load the antitumor peptide of BIM and efficiently improve the resistance of peptide drugs to proteolysis. The BIM peptide was efficiently delivered into the tumor cells by NLM NPs, which can inhibit the growth and promote the apoptosis of cancer cells
in vitro
, significantly inhibit the tumor growth
in vivo
. Notably, NLM-BIM theranostic nanoplatform exhibits low systemic toxicity and fewer side effects
in vivo
. The NLM NPs can serve as a promising multifunctional peptide delivery nanoplatform for multi-modal bioimaging and cancer therapy.
Immunotherapy is a class of promising anticancer treatments that has recently gained attention due to surging numbers of FDA approvals and extensive preclinical studies demonstrating efficacy. ...Nevertheless, further clinical implementation has been limited by high variability in patient response to different immunotherapeutic agents. These treatments currently do not have reliable predictors of efficacy and may lead to side effects. The future development of additional immunotherapy options and the prediction of patient‐specific response to treatment require advanced screening platforms associated with accurate and rapid data interpretation. Advanced engineering approaches ranging from sequencing and gene editing, to tumor organoids engineering, bioprinted tissues, and organs‐on‐a‐chip systems facilitate the screening of cancer immunotherapies by recreating the intrinsic and extrinsic features of a tumor and its microenvironment. High‐throughput platform development and progress in artificial intelligence can also improve the efficiency and accuracy of screening methods. Here, these engineering approaches in screening cancer immunotherapies are highlighted, and a discussion of the future perspectives and challenges associated with these emerging fields to further advance the clinical use of state‐of‐the‐art cancer immunotherapies are provided.
Advanced engineering approaches and progress in artificial intelligence can contribute to the development of cancer immunotherapy by uncovering alternative treatment targets and identifying hallmarks of treatment response, efficacy, and side effects. Screening approaches, including sequencing, gene editing, tumor organoids engineering, bioprinting, and organs‐on‐a‐chip, combined with high‐throughput screening and artificial intelligence are promising in accelerating broader application of cancer immunotherapy for a larger population.
Lake Qinghai in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau is the largest lake in China. This study firstly reported the geochemistry of Cd in the lake. Water samples were collected from Lake Qinghai (
n
= 69) and ...Buha River (
n
= 12), while sediment (
n
= 22) and topsoil (
n
= 45) samples were collected from the lake and around the lake area, respectively. In addition, pore water samples (
n
= 20) were separated from sediment samples. Water samples were analyzed for pH, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, S, and Cd, while sediment and topsoil samples were analyzed for K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, S, Sc, and Cd. The average concentration of Cd was 0.014 μg L
−1
in the water of Lake Qinghai and 0.007 μg L
−1
in the water of Buha River. However, the average concentration of Cd was 0.320 μg L
−1
in the sediment pore water, much higher than that in the lake water and river water. Cadmium concentration in the lake water might be mainly controlled by salinity, while it in the pore water might be mainly controlled by carbonate minerals. Cadmium concentration in the river water might be controlled by alkalinity and pH. The average concentration of Cd in the sediment was 0.284 mg kg
−1
. The enrichment of Cd in the lake sediment was significantly higher than that in the topsoil around the lake. Anthropogenic atmospheric deposition of Cd did not led to the increase in dissolved Cd level in the lake water, but led to its enrichment in the lake sediment.
The rapid progress in point-of-care testing (POCT) has become a promising decentralized patient-centered approach for the control of infectious diseases, especially in resource-limited settings. POCT ...devices should be inexpensive, rapid, simple operation and preferably require no power supply. Here, we developed a simple bacterial sensing platform that can be operated by a smartphone for bacteria identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) based on using a polydiacetylene (PDA) arrayed membrane chip. Each PDA array produced a unique color ‘fingerprint’ pattern for each bacteria based on different modes of action of toxins from bacteria on biomimetic lipid bilayers within PDA-lipid assemblies. We show that the PDA-based device can detect viable cells of bacteria as low as 104 CFU/mL within 1.5 h compared with several days of conventional bacterial identification, with the aid of a smartphone app. The device can also be used for an antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) for at least two broad-spectrum antimicrobials within 4 h and provide identification of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance, enabling the selection of appropriate therapies. This PDA-based sensing platform provides an alternative way for bacterial detection and could be used as a portable and inexpensive POCT device for the rapid detection of bacterial infection in limited-resource settings.
Display omitted
•A colorimetric polydiacetylene-based POCT for bacteria diagnosis was developed.•The system integrated with smartphone app readout can detect bacteria and AST within 4 h.•The mechanism of colorimetric transition of PDA-based sensor upon bacteria was investigated by MD.•The POCT system is suitable for the use of resource-limited settings and community- or home-based areas.
Deep learning has recently attracted significant attention in the field of hyperspectral images (HSIs) classification. However, the construction of an efficient deep neural network mostly relies on a ...large number of labeled samples being available. To address this problem, this paper proposes a unified deep network, combined with active transfer learning (TL) that can be well-trained for HSIs classification using only minimally labeled training data. More specifically, deep joint spectral-spatial feature is first extracted through hierarchical stacked sparse autoencoder (SSAE) networks. Active TL is then exploited to transfer the pretrained SSAE network and the limited training samples from the source domain to the target domain, where the SSAE network is subsequently fine-tuned using the limited labeled samples selected from both source and target domains by the corresponding active learning (AL) strategies. The advantages of our proposed method are threefold: 1) the network can be effectively trained using only limited labeled samples with the help of novel AL strategies; 2) the network is flexible and scalable enough to function across various transfer situations, including cross data set and intraimage; and 3) the learned deep joint spectral-spatial feature representation is more generic and robust than many joint spectral-spatial feature representations. Extensive comparative evaluations demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms many state-of-the-art approaches, including both traditional and deep network-based methods, on three popular data sets.
Traditional skin tumor surgery and chronic bacterial-infection-induced wound healing/skin regeneration is still a challenge. The ideal strategy should eliminate the tumor, enhance wound healing/skin ...formation, and be anti-infection. Herein, we designed a multifunctional elastomeric poly(l-lactic acid)-poly(citrate siloxane)-curcumin@polydopamine hybrid nanofibrous scaffold (denoted as PPCP matrix) for tumor-infection therapy and infection-induced wound healing. The PPCP matrix showed intrinsically multifunctional properties including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, photothermal, antibacterial, anticancer, and angiogenesis bioactivities. The polydopamine/curcumin presented an excellent near-infrared photothermal/cancer cell toxicity capacity, respectively, which supported PPCP for synergetic skin tumor therapy and antibacterial properties
/
. Additionally, the PPCP nanofibrous matrix significantly promotes the adhesion and proliferation of normal skin cells and accelerates the cutaneous wound healing in normal mice and bacterial-infected mice by enhancing the early angiogenesis. The PPCP nanofibrous matrix with multifunctional bioactivities provides a competitive strategy for skin tumor and bacterial-infection-induced wound healing.
Diabetic wound treatment faces significant challenges in clinical settings. Alternative treatment approaches are needed. Continuous bleeding, disordered inflammatory regulation, obstruction of cell ...proliferation, and disturbance of tissue remodeling are the main characteristics of diabetic wound healing. Hydrogels made of either naturally derived or synthetic materials can potentially be designed with a variety of functions for managing the healing process of chronic wounds. Here, a hemostatic and anti‐inflammatory hydrogel patch is designed for promoting diabetic wound healing. The hydrogel patch is derived from dual‐cross‐linked methacryloyl‐substituted Bletilla Striata polysaccharide (B) and gelatin (G) via ultraviolet (UV) light. It is demonstrated that the B–G hydrogel can effectively regulate the M1/M2 phenotype of macrophages, significantly promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts in vitro, and accelerate angiogenesis. It can boost wound closure by normalizing epidermal tissue regeneration and depositing collagen appropriately in vivo without exogenous cytokine supplementation. Overall, the B–G bioactive hydrogel can promote diabetic wound healing in a simple, economical, effective, and safe manner.
The prominent multifunctional properties of a dual‐cross‐linked B–G hydrogel patch enable promising applications in treating chronic wound healing by modulating inflammation, accelerating granulation tissue formation, promoting collagen deposition, reinforcing hemostasia, and inducing vascularization.
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