Background and Aims
Somatic mutation R249S in TP53 is highly common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aim to investigate the effects of R249S in ctDNA on the prognosis of HCC.
Methods
We analysed ...three cohorts including 895 HCC patients. TP53 mutation spectrum was examined by direct sequencing of genomic DNA from tissue specimens in HCC patients with hepatectomy (Cohort 1, N = 260). R249S and other recurrent missense mutations were assessed for their biological functions and associations with overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) of HCC patients in Cohort 1. R249S within circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) was detected through droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and its association with OS and PRS was analysed in HCC patients with (Cohort 2, N = 275) or without (Cohort 3, N = 360) hepatectomy.
Results
In Cohort 1, R249S occupied 60.28% of all TP53 mutations. Overexpression of R249S induced more serious malignant phenotypes than those of the other three identified TP53 recurrent missense mutations. Additionally, R249S, but not other missense mutations, was significantly associated with worse OS (P = .006) and PFS (P = .01) of HCC patients. Consistent with the results in Cohort 1, HCC patients in Cohorts 2 and 3 with R249S had worse OS (P = 8.291 × 10−7 and 2.608 × 10−7 in Cohorts 2 and 3, respectively) and PFS (P = 5.115 × 10−7 and 5.900 × 10−13 in Cohorts 2 and 3, respectively) compared to those without this mutation.
Conclusions
TP53 R249S mutation in ctDNA may serve as a promising prognosis biomarker for HCC patients with or without hepatectomy.
White‐light‐emissive organic micro/nanostructures hold exotic potential applications in full‐color displays, on‐chip wavelength‐division multiplexing, and backlights of portable display devices, but ...are rarely realized in organic core/shell heterostructures. Herein, through regulating the noncovalent interactions between organic semiconductor molecules, a hierarchical self‐assembly approach of horizontal epitaxial‐growth is demonstrated for the fine synthesis of organic core/mono‐shell microwires with multicolor emission (red–green, red–blue, and green–blue) and especially organic core/double‐shell microwires with radial red–green–blue (RGB) emission, whose components are dibenzog,pchrysene (DgpC)‐based charge‐transfer (CT) complexes. In fact, the desired lattice mismatching (≈2%) and the excellent structure compatibility of these CT complexes facilitate the epitaxial‐growth process for the facile synthesis of organic core/shell microwires. With the RGB‐emissive substructures, these core/double‐shell organic microwires are microscale white‐light sources (CIE 0.34, 0.36). Besides, the white‐emissive core/double‐shell microwires demonstrate the fascinating full‐spectrum light transportation from 400 to 700 nm. This work indeed opens up a novel avenue for the accurate construction of organic core/shell heterostructures, which provides an attractive platform for the organic integrated optoelectronics.
Through regulating the noncovalent interactions between organic semiconductor molecules (|ECT, DgpC‐TCNB = −18.35 kcal mol−1| > |ECT, DgpC‐TFP = −13.45 kcal mol−1| > |Eπ–π, DgpC = −6.81 kcal mol−1|), a hierarchical self‐assembly approach of horizontal epitaxial‐growth is demonstrated for the precise synthesis of organic core/double‐shell microwires with radial red–green–blue (RGB) substructures for miniaturized white‐light sources (CIE 0.34, 0.36).
Antimony trisulfide (Sb
S
) is considered to be a promising photovoltaic material; however, the performance is yet to be satisfactory. Poor power conversion efficiency and large open circuit voltage ...loss have been usually ascribed to interface and bulk extrinsic defects By performing a spectroscopy study on Sb
S
polycrystalline films and single crystal, we show commonly existed characteristics including redshifted photoluminescence with 0.6 eV Stokes shift, and a few picosecond carrier trapping without saturation at carrier density as high as approximately 10
cm
. These features, together with polarized trap emission from Sb
S
single crystal, strongly suggest that photoexcited carriers in Sb
S
are intrinsically self-trapped by lattice deformation, instead of by extrinsic defects. The proposed self-trapping explains spectroscopic results and rationalizes the large open circuit voltage loss and near-unity carrier collection efficiency in Sb
S
thin film solar cells. Self-trapping sets the upper limit on maximum open circuit voltage (approximately 0.8 V) and thus power conversion efficiency (approximately 16 %) for Sb
S
solar cells.
Harvesting the narrow bandgap excitons of charge‐transfer (CT) complexes for the achievement of near‐infrared (NIR) emission has attracted intensive attention for its fundamental importance and ...practical application. Herein, the triphenylene (TP)‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) CT organic complex is designed and fabricated via the supramolecular self‐assembly process, which demonstrates the NIR emission with a maximum peak of 770 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 5.4%. The segregated stacking mode of TP‐F4TCNQ CT complex based on the multiple types of intermolecular interaction has a low CT degree of 0.00103 and a small counter pitch angle of 40° between F4TCNQ and TP molecules, which breaks the forbidden electronic transitions of CT state, resulting in the effective NIR emission. Acting as the promising candidates for the active optical waveguide in the NIR region beyond 760 nm, the self‐assembled TP‐F4TCNQ single‐crystalline organic microwires display an ultralow optical‐loss coefficient of 0.060 dB µm−1. This work holds considerable insights for the exploration of novel NIR‐emissive organic materials via an universal “cocrystal engineering” strategy.
Through changing mixed stacking into segregated stacking mode, triphenylene (TP)‐2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) charge‐transfer (CT) complex demonstrates a low CT degree and a small counter pitch angle between TP and F4TCNQ molecules, benefiting for breaking the forbidden electronic transitions of CT state for realizing the near‐infrared emission with a maximum peak of 770 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 5.4%.
Unsupervised and semisupervised feature learning has recently emerged as an effective way to reduce the reliance on expensive data collection and annotation for hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis. ...Existing unsupervised and semisupervised convolutional neural network (CNN)-based HSI classification works still face two challenges: underutilization of pixel-wise multiscale contextual information for feature learning and expensive computational cost, for example, large floating-point operations per seconds (FLOPs), due to the lack of lightweight design. To utilize the unlabeled pixels in the HSIs more efficiently, we propose a self-supervised contrastive efficient asymmetric dilated network (SC-EADNet) for HSI classification. There are two novelties in the SC-EADNet. First, a self-supervised multiscale pixel-wise contextual feature learning model is proposed, which generates multiple patches around each hyperspectral pixel and develops a contrastive learning framework to learn from these patches for HSI classification. Second, a lightweight feature extraction network EADNet, composed of multiple plug-and-play efficient asymmetric dilated convolution (EADC) blocks, is designed and inserted into the contrastive learning framework. The EADC block adopts different dilation rates to capture the spatial information of objects with varying shapes and sizes. Compared with other unsupervised, semisupervised, and supervised learning methods, our SC-EADNet provides competitive classification performance on four hyperspectral datasets, including Indian Pines, Pavia University, Salinas, and Houston 2013, but few FLOPs and fast computational speed.
A high-gain dual-band and dual-polarized transmitarray has been designed, fabricated, and measured for Ku-band (<inline-formula><tex-math ...notation="LaTeX">{\text{12.5/14.25}}</tex-math></inline-formula> GHz) satellite communications. The transmitarray unit cell is a combination of two novel loop elements, which are interlaced to form a unit cell for dual-band operation. The transmission response of both interlaced loop elements is almost independent at both frequencies. The three-layer dual-band element achieves <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{300}^\circ</tex-math></inline-formula> phase range in both the frequency bands with less than 2 dB insertion loss. A dual-band transmitarray has been designed by using array theory in each frequency band independently. The measured radiation characteristics of the transmitarray are obtained through a planar near-field measurement setup. The dual-band transmitarray has achieved measured peak gains of 30.2 and 32.3 dBi with aperture efficiencies of 38% and 46% in downlink and uplink frequency bands, respectively.
There is ever-increasing interest yet grand challenge in developing programmable untethered soft robotics. Here we address this challenge by applying the asymmetric elastoplasticity of stacked ...graphene assembly (SGA) under tension and compression. We transfer the SGA onto a polyethylene (PE) film, the resulting SGA/PE bilayer exhibits swift morphing behavior in response to the variation of the surrounding temperature. With the applications of patterned SGA and/or localized tempering pretreatment, the initial configurations of such thermal-induced morphing systems can also be programmed as needed, resulting in diverse actuation systems with sophisticated three-dimensional structures. More importantly, unlike the normal bilayer actuators, our SGA/PE bilayer, after a constrained tempering process, will spontaneously curl into a roll, which can achieve rolling locomotion under infrared lighting, yielding an untethered light-driven motor. The asymmetric elastoplasticity of SGA endows the SGA-based bi-materials with great application promise in developing untethered soft robotics with high configurational programmability.
A cationic surfactant‐assisted hydrothermal route is developed for the facile synthesis of graphene‐like MoS2/graphene (GL‐MoS2/G) composites based on the hydrothermal reduction of Na2MoO4 and ...graphene oxide sheets with L‐cysteine in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), following by annealling in N2 atmosphere. The GL‐MoS2/G composites are characterized by X‐ray diffraction, electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of CTAB concentration on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the composites for reversible Li+ storage are investigated. It is found that the layer number of MoS2 sheets decreases with increasing CTAB concentration. The GL‐MoS2 sheets in the composites are few‐layer in the case of 0.01∼0.03 mol L−1 CTAB of hydrothermal solution and single‐layer in the case of 0.05 mol L−1 CTAB. The GL‐MoS2/G composites prepared with 0.01–0.02 mol·L−1 of CTAB solution exhibit a higher reversible capacity of 940–1020 mAh g−1, a greater cycle stability, and a higher rate capability than other samples. The exceptional electrochemical performance of GL‐MoS2/G composites for reversible Li+ storage could be attributed to an effective integration of GL‐MoS2 sheets and graphene that maximizes the synergistic interaction between them.
Graphene‐like (GL‐) MoS2/graphene composites are prepared by a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)‐assisted hydrothermal process and following heat treatment. In the case of 0.01–0.02 mol L−1 CTAB, the GL‐MoS2 in the composites displays a few‐layer structure with an interlayer spacing of 0.63–0.64 nm and the composites exhibit a high capacity of 940–1020 mAh g−1 with excellent cycle stability and high‐rate capability for electrochemically reversible Li+ storage.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the restorative role of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and memory impairments ...in a simulation of Alzheimer's disease. Mice subjected to LPS administration (250 μg/kg, i.p.) were treated with LIPUS daily for 7 days. The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inflammatory markers were estimated in brain tissue using western blot. After LIPUS treatment, the neuroprotective effects of LIPUS in mice were assessed by behavioral tests. LPS plus LIPUS-treated mice exhibited a significant increase in the average time spent in the target quadrant compared to the LPS-treated group. Compared with the LPS-treated group, LPS plus LIPUS-treated mice revealed a preference for the novel object. LIPUS treatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced increases in the expression of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the hippocampus region of LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, LIPUS significantly reduced the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the mice brain induced by LPS. LIPUS treatment induces neuroprotection by inhibiting the LPS-induced activation of TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling and by enhancing the associated CREB/BDNF expression in LPS-treated mice. Our data showed that LIPUS attenuated LPS-induced memory impairment as well as amyloidogenesis via the suppression of neuroinflammatory activity and BDNF decline.
To achieve high performed zinc metal batteries, it is imperative to address the issues of dendrite growth and the side‐reactions occurring at the Zn anode, particularly when the batteries are ...operated at high current densities and high temperature. Herein, a flexible and dendrite‐free Zn metal anode (AgNPs@CC/Zn), which is prepared by inkjet printing silver nanoparticles on a 3D carbon matrix, is reported. Experimental observations and DFT calculation reveal that the Ag nanoparticles can work as heterometallic seeds for zinc deposition, and thus simultaneously improve the zincophilicity and thermal conductivity of the carbon matrix. This not only lowers the Zn nucleation overpotential and guides the uniform Zn nucleation but also promotes the reversible zinc stripping/plating via AgZn alloying/de‐alloying reactions. As a result, the AgNPs@CC/Zn anode presents low voltage hysteresis of 80 mV and superior cycling over 480 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2. The AgNPs@CC/Zn anode can enable full cells with exceptional cyclic stability and enhanced high‐temperature endurance. Furthermore, the foldable pouch cell using the AgNPs@CC/Zn anode exhibits high capacity retention regardless of different deformation status. This work demonstrates the promising potential of inkjet printing technology in developing 3D dendrite‐free zinc anode for foldable and heat‐resistant zinc batteries.
A flexible and dendrite‐free Zn metal anode is prepared by inkjet printing silver nanoparticles on a 3D carbon matrix, boosting electrochemical performance of zinc metal batteries. The Ag nanoparticles as heterometallic seeds can promote reversible zinc stripping/plating via AgZn alloying/de‐alloying reactions and improve the zincophilicity and thermal conductivity of the carbon matrix.
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