Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and chronic inflammatory disease. Synoviocyte migration and invasion were found to be essential to the pathology of RA. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA ...ZFAS1 has been observed in cancers and promotes cell migration and invasion. To date, the functions and mechanisms of ZFAS1 in RA have not been revealed. In this study, we analyzed expression pattern of ZFAS1 in RA patients and found that ZFAS1 expression was increased in synovial tissue and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients (RA-FLS) compared with that in healthy donors. Functional assays showed that silence of ZFAS1 suppressed RA-FLS migration and invasion, while overexpression of ZFAS1 showed the opposite effect. Further investigation demonstrated that ZFAS1 directly interacted with miR-27a and decreased miR-27a expression. ZFAS1 promotes RA-FLS migration and invasion in an miR-27a-dependent manner. Taken together, the present study provides the first evidence that ZFAS1 promotes cell migration and invasion through miR-27a in RA-FLS, suggesting that ZFAS1 may be an effective therapeutic target for RA patients.
All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of iguratimod for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to assess its efficacy and safety are included in this paper. The Review Manager software was used for ...meta-analysis to assess risk bias of the studies included, and GRADE profiler software was used for the evidence quality of the studies included. Four RCTs involving 1407 patients with RA were included. Meta-analyses showed that, after 24-week therapy, ACR20, tender joint count, swollen joint count, rest pain, physician and patient global assessment of disease activity, HAQ score, ESR, and CRP in iguratimod group were better than those in placebo group and that the difference between those of iguratimod group and those of other DMARDs (MTX and SASP) group was not significant. GRADE evidence classification of the studies included was moderate. Iguratimod for RA had few adverse events, and its efficacy and safety were the same as those of MTX and SASP for RA. The results of this systematic review suggest that more high-quality and large-scaled RCTs were needed to determine the efficacy of iguratimod for RA and whether iguratimod is as effective as other DMARDs besides MTX and SASP.
A zero-pinning technique for orthonormal wavelet design proposed by Tay results in a system of linear equations. We first prove the existence and uniqueness to the solution of the linear system. For ...orthonormal wavelet filters, non-negativity is known to be a necessary condition. However, it is not sufficient. A tau-cycle condition is cited as one in verifying a wavelet filter being orthonormal. Finally, we show that the amplitude of ripples between two successive zeros of the parametric Bernstein polynomials decreases as the distance between these two zeros decreases.
We described a 30-year-old pregnant woman developing antinuclear antibodies (ANA)-negative systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) accompanied with arthritis, malar rash, lymphopenia, autoimmune hemolytic ...anemia, pericardial and pleural effusion, proteinuria and seizures. All serum autoantibodies except anti-Ro antibody were negative. An artificially induced abortion was performed to prevent SLE deterioration. Steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy were effective for this patient. During the 2-year follow-up period, her ANA and other SLE-related autoantibodies in serum remained negative. This case suggests that ANA may not be required in the pathogenesis of SLE, even in the case with pregnancy, and ANA-negative SLE may also have a dangerous clinical course.
In this article, we use the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formalism to study the
-dimensional extended Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator
where
is an
real matrix,
is a real parameter and
means the gradient. ...Given the boundary conditions, we find the solutions of the associated Hamiltonian system of
. Then, we construct the action function by the Lagrangian function and use the van Vleck's formula to obtain the volume element of the heat kernel. Finally, we discuss the regular and singular regions of this operator.
We described a 44-year-old man developing dermatomyositis (DM) and nephrotic syndrome (NS). Renal biopsy revealed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) with depositions of immunoglobulin ...and complements. A combination therapy of steroid and cyclophosphamide (CTX) was found very effective for the patient. Chronic glomerulonephritis is rare in DM. In our review of related literature, membranous glomerulonephritis (MN) is the main type of glomerular lesion, another type is mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (mesPGN). Here we reported a case of DM associated with DPGN developing NS, which was not found in existing literature. Although glomerulonephritis is uncommon in patients with DM, renal pathology is not as simplex as previously thought, and treatment with steroid or/and cytotoxic drugs is favorable for prognosis.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells （pDCs）, not only inhibit viral replication, but also play an essential role in linking the innate and adaptive immune system. In this study, we explored the effects of ...human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） gpl20 and tat on CpG-A-induced inflammatory cytokines in pDCs. The results provided fundamental insights into HIV pathogenesis that may hold promise for preventative and even curative strategies, pDCs were isolated using blood DC antigen 4 （BDCA-4） DC isolation kit, and the purity was analyzed using BDCA-2 anti- body by flow cytometry, pDCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） were stimulated by either CpG-A （5 μg/mi）, gpl20 （0.5 μg/ml）, tat （0.5 μg/ml）, or CpG-A treatment combined with gp120 or tat. The production of type I interferons （IFNs） and other inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α, interlukine-6 （IL-6）, and interferon-gamma- inducible protein-10 （IP-10） in the culture supernatant,was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that CpG-A induced high levels of type I IFNs and other inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IP-10, in pDCs. Concomitant treatment with gpl20 reduced the levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IP-10 induced by CpG-A in pDCs by 79%, 53%, 60%, 50%, and 34%, respectively, while tat suppressed them by 88%, 66%, 71%, 64%, and 53%, respectively. Similar results were demonstrated in CpG- A-treated PBMCs. In conclusion, gpl20 and tat are effective inhibitors of the CpG-A-mediated induction of type I IFNs and other inflammatory cytokines from pDCs and PBMCs.
A multitude of interferon (IFN)-inducible genes (IFIGs) are coordinately expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), emphasising the ...globle activating of signal pathway mediated by IFN-I in SLE. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of expression regulation of IFIT4 (interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 4) by IFN-α. We found that IFN-α failed in inducing IFIT4 in STAT1-negative U3A cells. Ectopic expression of STAT1, but not mutant STAT1-S727A, almost completely restored IFN-α2a-induced IFIT4 expression. IFN-α induced the expression of IFIT4 and STAT1 in THP-1 cells, and this process was significantly antagonized by the specific inhibitors of both PKCδ and JNK or their dominant negative mutants respectively. The inhibition of JNK activity by its specific inhibitor or its dominant negative mutant suppressed both IFIT4 expression and serine phosphorylation of STAT1 but not the activation of PKCδ, while inhibition of PKCδ suppressed activation of IFIT4, STAT1, and JNK. Our results suggest that the induction of IFIT4 transcription by IFN-α depends upon sequential activation of PKCδ, JNK and STAT1, and that the influence of PKCδ or JNK on IFN-α-mediated induction of IFIT4 is dependent upon the phosphorylation of STAT1 at Ser-727. The results in our experiment provide an in vitro model of the signaling mechanisms of IFIGs regulated by IFN-α, that is putatively thought to occur in vivo as the one of pathogenesis of SLE.
This article presents the existence of a non-trivial smooth orthonormal wavelet with exponential decay in both time and frequency domains. Meanwhile, we also show that the Meyer wavelets are not in ...the Schwartz class.
The Mg2＋/Li＋/Cl solutions were filtrated with a commercially available DK nanofiltration membrane to investigate the possibility to enrich the lithium component.The investigation was significant as ...such an approach might be a competing substitute for the present lithium purification industry and the environmental protection purpose.The Donnan steric pore model（DSPM） was implemented for the prediction.The separation of Mg2＋/Li＋was mainly affected by the working pressure（or the permeation flux） and a limiting separation factor was found around 0.31.The effective membrane charge density was evaluated and its dependence on the permeation flux as well as the ion pattern was discussed.For predicting an actual separation of electrolytes,the experimental investigation seems necessary for the reliability and efficiency.
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