Soaring cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are pummeling the global health system. Overwhelmed health facilities have endeavored to mitigate the pandemic, but mortality of COVID-19 continues to ...increase. Here, we present a mortality risk prediction model for COVID-19 (MRPMC) that uses patients' clinical data on admission to stratify patients by mortality risk, which enables prediction of physiological deterioration and death up to 20 days in advance. This ensemble model is built using four machine learning methods including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree, and Neural Network. We validate MRPMC in an internal validation cohort and two external validation cohorts, where it achieves an AUC of 0.9621 (95% CI: 0.9464-0.9778), 0.9760 (0.9613-0.9906), and 0.9246 (0.8763-0.9729), respectively. This model enables expeditious and accurate mortality risk stratification of patients with COVID-19, and potentially facilitates more responsive health systems that are conducive to high risk COVID-19 patients.
Separating the impact of climate change and human activities on runoff is an important topic in hydrology, and a large number of methods and theories have been widely used. In this paper, we review ...the current papers on separating the impacts of climate and human activities on runoff, summarize the progress of relevant research methods and applications in recent years, and discuss future research needs and directions.
A
bstract
Previous studies have shown that the Hawking effect always destroys quantum correlations and the fidelity of quantum teleportation in the Schwarzschild black hole. Here, we investigate the ...fidelity of quantum teleportation of Dirac fields between users in Schwarzschild spacetime. We find that, with the increase of the Hawking temperature, the fidelity of quantum teleportation can monotonically increase, monotonically decrease, or non-monotonically increase, depending on the choice of the initial state, which means that the Hawking effect can create net fidelity of quantum teleportation. This striking result banishes the extended belief that the Hawking effect of the black hole can only destroy the fidelity of quantum teleportation. We also find that quantum steering cannot fully guarantee the fidelity of quantum teleportation in Schwarzschild spacetime. This new unexpected source may provide a new idea for the experimental evidence of the Hawking effect.
Background
The on‐purpose‐modulated dendritic cells (DCs) have shown charming effects on restoring immune regulatory functions in subjects with immune diseases.
Objective
This study aims to construct ...DCs carrying chimerical antigen (Ag) peptides (CAP‐DCs) to induce interleukin (IL)‐17+ inducible Tregs (iTregs) to alleviate food allergy (FA) in a murine model.
Methods
In this study, we constructed CAP‐DCs. The CAP is a fusion protein, consisting of a segment of recombinant scFv of anti‐DEC205 antibody and an ovalbumin (OVA) epitope (IC). A murine OVA‐FA model was developed to test the effects of CAP‐DCs on suppressing the allergic response in the intestine.
Results
The CAP‐DCs are characterized as that a complex of scFv‐IC is presented on the surface of the cells, moderately express CD80 and CD86 as well as IL‐6, IL‐23, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and CCR9. After being passively transferred with CAP‐DCs or injection of scFv‐IC, Ag‐specific IL‐17+ Foxp3+ iTregs were induced in the intestinal lamina propria of FA mice. The iTregs showed immune suppressive effects on Ag‐specific Th2 response. FA mice were adoptively transferred with the CAP‐DCs or scFv‐IC injection, which resulted in a significant decrease in the number of Ag‐specific Th2 cells and suppression of FA response in an Ag‐specific manner.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
CAP‐DCs can ameliorate FA response by inducing Ag‐specific IL‐17+ Foxp3+ iTregs and suppressing Ag‐specific Th2 response. To generate CAP‐DCs has the translational potential in the treatment of FA.
Al7075 alloy is a typical aviation aluminum with good mechanical properties and anodic oxidation effect. Laser engineered net shaping technology has unique advantages in the integrated forming of ...high-performance large aircraft structural parts. The manufacturing of 7075 aluminum alloy structural parts by laser engineered net shaping technology has become an important development direction in the future aerospace field. Electrochemical corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys is of vital importance to improve reliability and life-span of lightweight components. A comparative study on microstructure and anti-corrosion performance of Al7075 alloy prepared by laser additive manufacturing and forging technology was conducted. There are hole defects in LENS-fabricated Al7075 alloy with uniformly distributed
η
phase. No defects are observed in Al7075 forgings. The large
S
phase particles and small ellipsoidal
η
phase particles are found in Al matrix. The corrosion mechanisms were revealed according to the analysis of polarization curves and corrosion morphology. It was found that compared with that prepared by forgings, the additive manufactured samples have lower corrosion tendency and higher corrosion rate. Corrosion occurred preferentially at the hole defects. The incomplete passivation film at the defects leads to the formation of a local cell composed of the internal Al, corrosion solution and the surrounding passive film, which further aggravates the corrosion.
Detecting the structure of spacetime with quantum technologies has always been one of the frontier topics of relativistic quantum information. Here, we analytically study the generation and ...redistribution of Gaussian entanglement of the scalar fields in an expanding spacetime. We consider a two-mode squeezed state via a Gaussian amplification channel that corresponds to the time-evolution of the state from the asymptotic past to the asymptotic future. Therefore, the dynamical entanglement of the Gaussian state in an expanding universe encodes historical information about the underlying spacetime structure, suggesting a promising application in observational cosmology. We find that quantum entanglement is more sensitive to the expansion rate than the expansion volume. According to the analysis of quantum entanglement, choosing the particles with the smaller momentum and the optimal mass is a better way to extract information about the expanding universe. These results can guide the simulation of the expanding universe in quantum systems.
Forests, being the primary repository of terrestrial biodiversity, possess a significant capacity to regulate the phenomenon of climate change. It is additionally crucial to consider how natural ...disasters affect the state and development of forest biodiversity. The alteration of climate patterns over recent decades has had a discernible impact on forest ecosystems, specifically the damage caused by drought to ecosystems, has become increasingly evident. Nevertheless, there is limited research to elucidate the relationship between forest biodiversity and drought, as well as to explore the mechanisms of biodiversity response to drought. This review synthesizes the existing literature on the effects of climate change on forests across various scales and examines the adaptive responses of forest communities to drought-induced stress. Forest biodiversity can be influenced by various factors, including the severity of drought, initial climatic conditions, and the composition of species in drylands. During periods of drought, the biodiversity of forests is influenced by a range of intricate physiological and ecological factors, encompassing the capacity of plants to withstand drought conditions and their subsequent ability to recuperate following such periods. Moreover, the choice of different drought indices and biodiversity estimation methods has implications for subsequent response studies.
The results showed that adoptive transfer of primed WT BMDCs induced nasal allergy–like changes in recipient mice, including rhinocnesmus, sneezing, and rhinorrhea, and increases in the content of ...OVA-specific IgE, TH2 cytokine, and mouse mast cell protease-1 (mMCP1) in the nasal mucosa, which did not occur in mice that received primed KO BMDCs (see Fig E4 in this article's Online Repository at www.jacionline.org). The data were corroborated by treating mice with a mixture of MNP and house mite extract in which WT mice were sensitized with nasal drops of MNP/house mite extract, whereas none of the Bcl2L12 KO mice were sensitized (see Fig E5 in this article's Online Repository at www.jacionline.org). Mice used in the present study were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee at Shenzhen University.BMDC preparation BMDCs were prepared from bone marrow of BALB/c mice according to our established procedures.E1 Cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 0.1 mg/mL streptomycin, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 2 mmol/L glutamine. The rate of Teff cell proliferation and TH2 cytokine levels in culture were used as indicators of mouse sensitization.Challenging the airway mucosa with specific antigens One week after the second transplantation of primed DCs, mice were treated with nasal drops containing OVA (50 μg/mL) daily for 7 days.Assessment of nasal allergy in mice Parameters of nasal allergy in mice were assessed, including recording rhinocnesmus, sneezing, and rhinorrhea within 1 hour after the last nasal challenge with the specific antigen (OVA).
Dense B
4
C composites were fabricated by hot-press sintering using B
4
C and nano-scale yttrium oxide as the raw materials. The effects of Y
2
O
3
content and sintering temperature on the ...microstructure and mechanical properties of B
4
C composites were studied. And the grain growth mechanism and the strengthening and toughening mechanism were discussed. B
4
C-1 wt% Y
2
O
3
composites (sintering temperature: 2000 °C, pressure: 30 MPa, dwell time: 1 min) have the best properties, with the relative density of 99.6%, bending strength of 588 MPa and fracture toughness of 5.0 MPa·m
1/2
. Abnormal grain growth was found in B
4
C-Y
2
O
3
composites, including twins and coarse grains. The grain growth is affected by the complex interaction of yttrium oxide and the grain boundary of boron carbide. The toughening mechanism of B
4
C composites follows self-toughening and twinning-toughening, and the transgranular fracture and intergranular fracture coexist.
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