To investigate the association between perceived primary parenting styles and attachment styles between single-parent children and children living with both parents.
The correlational study was ...conducted at the Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 2017 to March 2018, and comprised an equal number of children from single-parent families and those living with both the parents. Data was collected using the parental authority questionnaire and the Urdu version of the inventory of parental and peer attachment. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Of the 200 children, 100(50%) were in each of the two groups, and both the groups had 50(50%) girls and boys each. The overall mean age of the sample was 14.56±3.03 years (range: 11-18 years). There was a significant negative correlation between permissive parenting styles with mother's communication (p<0.05); authoritarian parenting style had negative correlation with parental communication and trust(p<0.001). Authoritative parenting had significant positive relationship with trust (p<0.001), and communication with parents (p<0.001), and there was negative relationship between authoritative parenting with feeling alienated from parents (p<0.01). Single-parent children perceived their parents as authoritarian (p<0.001) and had more alienated attachment with parents (p<0.001), whereas children living with both the parents had more trust (p<0.001) and had better communication with their parents (p<0.001).
It is important to understand the role of parents and different parenting styles in building up strong parentchild attachment.
Graves' disease after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in certain HIV-1-infected individuals has been described as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). ...This phenomenon should be suspected in individuals who present with clinical deterioration and a presentation suggestive of hyperthyroidism despite good virological and immunological response to HAART. Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may be discrete or overt and typically develop 8–33 months after initiating therapy. One to two percent of HIV-infected patients can present with overt thyroid disease. Relatively few cases of Graves' IRIS have been reported in the literature to date. We describe four cases of Graves' IRIS in HIV-infected patients who were started on HAART therapy.
Objective Present study was aimed to discover common perceived parenting style behind OCD and OCPTs and the association of perceived parental rearing method with OCPTs and OCD symptom dimensions. ...Study Design Correlational Research Design Place and Duration of Study Study was completed in duration of six months in Lahore. Subjects and Methods Work was done on two samples and results of both samples were analyzed separately. Sample I included 100 students aged between 18 to 24 years (M =21.49, SD =2.31) while sample II included 100 diagnosed OCD patients (M=30.57, SD=5.58). Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ; Buri, 1989) 30 item and FFOCI-SF consisting of 48-item self-report questionnaire (Samuel et al., 2012) was used. Results Regression analysis of sample I revealed that paternal permissiveness negatively predicts excessive worry, detached coldness, risk aversion, constricted, inflexible, dogmatism, perfectionism, fastidiousness, punctiliousness, workaholism, doggedness and ruminative deliberation. Paternal authoritarianism positively predicts all the twelve OCPTs. Paternal authoritativeness negatively predicts detached coldness and inflexible. It also showed that maternal permissiveness negatively all the twelve OCPTs. Maternal authoritarianism positively predicts excessive worry, detached coldness, risk aversion, constricted, inflexible, dogmatism, perfectionism, workaholism, doggedness and ruminative deliberation while maternal authoritativeness negatively predicts detached coldness, risk aversion, inflexible, doggedness and ruminative deliberation. Spearman Rank Order Correlation of sample II showed that no significant relationship of paternal and maternal parenting style with specific symptom dimension of OCD was found. Conclusion Authoritarian parenting style positively predicts OCPTs. No significant relationship exists between perceived parenting style and specific OCD symptom dimensions.
Pakistan has the second-largest number of HCV infections in the world with homogeneity across provinces and no evidence of decline over the past 30 years (Mahmud et al. in BMC Infect Dis 19(1):1–11, ...2019). Currently, one in every 20 Pakistanis is suffering from HCV (Haqqi et al. in Viral Immunol 32(9):402–413, 2019). The disease significantly interferes with the everyday life of the patient (Silberbogen et al. in Psychosomatics 50(2):114–122, 2009; Foster in Viral Hepat 16(9):605–611, 2009). The present research aimed to find the role of gender, family system, and social support in predicting coping in patients with hepatitis C (HCV). A sample of 100 HCV patients was taken using purposive sampling from different public and private hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. For assessment, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Brief Cope Inventory were used. Results showed that male hepatitis C patients used a higher level of religious coping. Hepatitis C patients living in a joint family system used a higher level of religious coping. It also showed that there was no significant relationship between social support and coping. Patients suffering from hepatitis C for 2 years or more adopted avoidant coping strategies as compared to the patients diagnosed for 1 year or more. This research has important implications for psychologists, paramedical staff, doctors, social workers, caregivers, peers, and families of patients suffering from HCV. It would help in formulating effective therapeutic interventions. It would also add to the literature in the field of health psychology.
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