Optical time-stretch (OTS) imaging is effective for observing ultra-fast dynamic events in real time by virtue of its capability of acquiring images with high spatial resolution at high speed. In ...different implementations of OTS imaging, different configurations of its signal detection,
i.e.
fiber-coupled and free-space detection schemes, are employed. In this research, we quantitatively analyze and compare the two detection configurations of OTS imaging in terms of sensitivity and image quality with the USAF-1951 resolution chart and diamond films, respectively, providing a valuable guidance for the system design of OTS imaging in diverse fields.
•A facile co-precipitation method can be used to prepare graphitic-based composite photocatalyst.•The Co and Fe doping structures could enhance the separation efficiency and transfer of ...photogenerated carriers.•The coupling structure could enhance the chemical stability and photocatalytic activity.
The photocatalyst Lys-FeCoLDH@g-C3N4 nanohybrids were synthesized successfully by a facile in situ co-precipitation method. It is found that the layered nanosheet degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B reached 98.07% in 90 min under visible light irradiation by photocatalysis. In addition, photo-electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the structure of 5 %Lys-CoFe-LDH@g-C3N4 could enhance the separation efficiency and transfer of photogenerated carriers. This study provides a new idea for the development of novel photocatalysts for the high-efficiency and active degradation of wastewater.
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of the water extract of
(Engl.) H. Li (ASWE) against hepatic fibrosis (HF) and clarify the underlying mechanism.
The chemical components ...of ASWE were analysed by a Q-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometer. In our study, an
hepatic fibrosis mouse model was established via an intraperitoneal injection of olive oil containing 20% CCl
.
experiments were conducted using a hepatic stellate cell line (HSC-T6) and RAW 264.7 cell line. A CCK-8 assay was performed to assess the cell viability of HSC-T6 and RAW264.7 cells treated with ASWE. Immunofluorescence staining was used to examine the intracellular localization of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3). Stat3 was overexpressed to analyse the role of Stat3 in the effect of ASWE on HF.
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that candidate targets of ASWE, associated with protective effects against hepatic fibrosis, were related to inflammation response. ASWE ameliorated CCl
-induced liver pathological damage and reduced the liver index and alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. ASWE also decreased the serum levels of collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in CCl
-treated mice. In addition, the expression of fibrosis markers, including α-SMA protein and
,
, and
mRNA, was downregulated by ASWE treatment
. The expression of these fibrosis markers was also decreased by treatment with ASWE in HSC-T6 cells. Moreover, ASWE decreased the expression of inflammatory markers, including the
,
and
, in RAW264.7 cells. ASWE decreased the phosphorylation of Stat3 and total Stat3 expression and reduced the mRNA expression of the
gene
and
. ASWE also inhibited the nuclear shuttling of Stat3. Overexpression of Stat3 weakened the therapeutic effect of ASWE and accelerated the progression of HF.
The results show that ASWE protects against CCl
-induced liver injury by suppressing fibrosis, inflammation, HSC activation and the Stat3 signaling pathway, which might lead to a new approach for preventing HF.
Our previous study suggests that tumor CD8+ T cells and macrophages (defined as CD68+ cells) infiltration underwent dynamic and heterogeneous changes during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in ...cervical cancer patients, which correlated with their short-term tumor response. This study aims to develop a CT image-based radiomics signature for such dynamic changes.
Thirty cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients, who were treated with CCRT followed by brachytherapy, were included in this study. Pre-therapeutic CT images were acquired. And tumor biopsies with immunohistochemistry at primary sites were performed at baseline (0 fraction (F)) and immediately after 10F. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest (ROI) of CT images using Matlab. The LASSO regression model with ten-fold cross-validation was utilized to select features and construct an immunomarker classifier and a radiomics signature. Their performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC).
The changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells and macrophages after 10F radiotherapy as compared to those at baseline were used to generate the immunomarker classifier (AUC= 0.842, 95% CI:0.680-1.000). Additionally, a radiomics signature was developed using 4 key radiomics features to predict the immunomarker classifier (AUC=0.875, 95% CI:0.753-0.997). The patients stratified based on this signature exhibited significant differences in treatment response (p = 0.004).
The radiomics signature could be used as a potential predictor for the CCRT-induced dynamic alterations of CD8+ T cells and macrophages, which may provide a less invasive approach to appraise tumor immune status during CCRT in cervical cancer compared to tissue biopsy.
Purpose
To investigate the value of radiomics models based on CT at different phases (non-contrast-enhanced and contrast-enhanced images) in predicting lymph node (LN) metastasis in esophageal ...squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods and materials
Two hundred and seventy-four eligible patients with ESCC were divided into a training set (n =193) and a validation set (n =81). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm (LASSO) was used to select radiomics features. The predictive models were constructed with radiomics features and clinical factors through multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictive performance and clinical application value of the models were evaluated by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). The Delong Test was used to evaluate the differences in AUC among models.
Results
Sixteen and eighteen features were respectively selected from non-contrast-enhanced CT (NECT) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images. The model established using only clinical factors (Model 1) has an AUC value of 0.655 (95%CI 0.552-0.759) with a sensitivity of 0.585, a specificity of 0.725 and an accuracy of 0.654. The models contained clinical factors with radiomics features of NECT or/and CECT (Model 2,3,4) have significantly improved prediction performance. The values of AUC of Model 2,3,4 were 0.766, 0.811 and 0.809, respectively. It also achieved a great AUC of 0.800 in the model built with only radiomics features derived from NECT and CECT (Model 5). DCA suggested the potential clinical benefit of model prediction of LN metastasis of ESCC. A comparison of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves using the Delong test indicated that Models 2, 3, 4, and 5 were superior to Model 1(P< 0.05), and no difference was found among Model 2, 3, 4 and Model 5(P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Radiomics models based on CT at different phases could accurately predict the lymph node metastasis in patients with ESCC, and their predictive efficiency was better than the clinical model based on tumor size criteria. NECT–based radiomics model could be a reasonable option for ESCC patients due to its lower price and availability for renal failure or allergic patients.
We aimed to develop a combined predicting model for benign esophageal stenosis (BES) after simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) with concurrent chemotherapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell ...carcinoma (ESCC).
This study included 65 patients with EC who underwent SIB with chemotherapy. Esophageal stenosis was evaluated using esophagograms and the severity of eating disorders. Risk factors were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Radiomics features were extracted based on contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) before treatment. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used for feature selection and radiomics signature construction. The model's performance was evaluated using Harrell's concordance index and receiver operating characteristic curves.
The patients were stratified into low- and high-risk groups according to BES after SIB. The area under the curves of the clinical model, Rad-score, and the combined model were 0.751, 0.820 and 0.864, respectively. In the validation cohort, the AUCs of these three models were 0.854, 0.883 and 0.917, respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that there was no deviation from model fitting for the training cohort (p=0.451) and validation cohort (p=0.481). The C-indexes of the nomogram were 0.864 and 0.958 for the training and validation cohort, respectively. The model combined with Rad-score and clinical factors achieved favorable prediction ability.
Definitive chemoradiotherapy could alleviate tumor-inducing esophageal stenosis but result in benign stenosis. We constructed and tested a combined predicting model for benign esophageal stenosis after SIB. The nomogram incorporating both radiomics signature and clinical prognostic factors showed favorable predictive accuracy for BES in ESCC patients who received SIB with chemotherapy.
Registered in www.Clinicaltrial.gov, ID: NCT01670409, August 12, 2012.
Purpose
There are no well-recognized guidelines for antiemesis during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for cervical cancer (CC) and nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) until now. The study was designed to ...assess the efficacy and safety of fosaprepitant combined with tropisetron and dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting during 5 weeks of fractionated radiotherapy and concomitant weekly low-dose cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with CC or NPC.
Methods
Patients with CC or NPC were scheduled to receive fractionated radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin (25–40 mg/m
2
) chemotherapy for at least 5 weeks. Patients stratified by tumor type and induction chemotherapy were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive fosaprepitant, tropisetron, and dexamethasone or tropisetron plus dexamethasone as an antiemetic regimen. Efficacy was assessed primarily by the cumulative incidence of emesis after 5 weeks of treatment, and safety by adverse events (AEs).
Results
Between July 2020 and July 2022, 116 patients consented to the study of whom 103 were included in this interim analysis (fosaprepitant group
N
= 52 vs control group
N
= 51). The cumulative incidence of emesis at 5 weeks (competing risk analysis) was 25% (95% CI 14.2–37.4) for the fosaprepitant group compared with 59% (95% CI 43.9–71.0) for the control group. There was a significantly lower cumulative risk of emesis in the fosaprepitant group (HR 0.35 95% CI 0.19–0.64;
p
< 0.001). Fosaprepitant was well tolerated as the incidences of adverse events in the two groups were comparable.
Conclusion
The addition of fosaprepitant to tropisetron plus dexamethasone significantly reduced the risk of nausea and vomiting during 5 weeks of CCRT in patients with CC or NPC, and fosaprepitant was well tolerated.
Trial registration
The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on October 3, 2022, number NCT05564286.
This paper introduces the Risk of Bias in Systematic Review (ROBIS), including: 1) the development of ROBIS, 2) three phases of ROBIS tool judging the overall risk of bias that related to systematic ...reviews, and 3) illustration on the application of ROBIS in a published systematic review. ROBIS is the first rigorously developed tool which is specifically designed to assess the risk of bias in systematic reviews. ROBIS will help improve the process of risk assessment on bias which appeared in overviews and guidelines.
To assess the association of S447X mutation and Hind III polymorphism in the lipoprotein lipase gene with dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome in patients with essential hypertension.
A total of ...983 patients were randomly selected from those with hypertension (diagnosed in the Community-based Comprehensive Studies on Prevention and Control of Hypertension Project in China) and those not treated with anti-hypertensive medications for at least in 2 weeks immediately before blood collection. Among them were 389 subjects with dyslipidemia and 594 subjects without dyslipidemia. The definition of dyslipidemia in patients with hypertension was used only when triglyceride or HDL-cholesterol was at abnormal level. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine Ser447stop mutation and Hind III polymorphism in LPL gene.
Linkage disequilibrium between the two sites was observed, with three major haplotypes identified: H+S, H-S, and H-X. The LPL gene S447X mutation an
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