Recently many research efforts have been spent on applying Software Defined Networking (SDN) to mobile and wireless networking to make them adapt to the rapid development and popularity of the mobile ...Internet. SDN offers programmable devices and centralized control which help to realize customizable and adaptive solutions to meet requirements from diversified mobile networks, devices, applications and so forth. This paper focuses on extending SDN paradigm to mobility handling in the Internet which has been little studied, and proposes design, implementation and deployment of a software-defined IP mobility architecture. The paper also demonstrates evaluations and experiments of the proposal based on both the Mininet platform and a cross-domain SDN testbed. Results prove the feasibility, scalability and high adaptability of the proposal.
The recently discovered Dongyang low-sulphidation epithermal Au deposit is located in Fujian Province. The Au mineralization hosted in rhyolite porphyry and the Lower Jurassic Nayuan Formation ...continental volcanic rocks is considered to be related to intermediate-acidic intrusions (rhyolite porphyry, quartz diorite porphyry, and dacite porphyry). The zircon U-Pb ages of these samples are 160.3±0.8, 156.6±0.8, and 154.1±0.6 Ma, respectively, and the sulphide Rb-Sr isotope isochron age is 152.4±1.7 Ma, indicating a temporal link between porphyry emplacement and Au mineralization. Porphyries are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements and light rare earth elements and slightly depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements, belong to the high-potassium calc-alkaline or shoshonitic series, and show characteristics of volcanic arcs or active continental margins. Moreover, the εHf(t) values of the porphyries range from -11.6 to -7.6, -11.2 to -5.4, and -9.8 to -4.6, respectively. The 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 206Pb/204Pb values of the ore minerals are from 38.417 to 38.406, 15.603, and from 18.179 to 18.175, respectively. Pb and Hf isotopes indicate that the intermediate-acidic magma related to mineralization originated from Mesoproterozoic lower crust. Consequently, these data favour an intermediate-acidic magma origin for Au mineralization in the Dongyang deposit. Integrating new and published data on the tectonic evolution, we suggest that the rhyolite porphyry, quartz diorite porphyry, dacite porphyry, and associated Au mineralization in the Dongyang deposit formed at 160-152 Ma in an extensional environment related to subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate beneath the South China block.
•The model of the LSTM was used to simulate transboundary streamflow temperature using an Open-Source database.•Operation of the cascade reservoirs was the dominant driver of the slight change in ...annual river temperature in the LMRB.•Cascade reservoir operation resulted in seasonal warming and cooling of the LMR, linearizing river temperature processes.
The Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB) is an important transboundary river basin containing large-scale cascade hydropower dams. There has been increasing interest in the cross-border impacts of cascade reservoirs and climate change on the water temperature of the LMRB. However, there remain limited related basin-scale quantitative studies. This study applied a deep learning method (Long short-term memory neural network, LSTM) to reconstruct the natural water temperature of the Lower Mekong River (LMR), which was compared with observation data influenced by dam operation. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of the dams and climate change on the dynamics of water temperature in the basin. The results showed that: (1) Climate change had a relatively minor effect on the water temperature of the LMRB, with the warming effect of climate change gradually increasing from upstream to downstream. (2) The operation of the cascade reservoirs has resulted in seasonal warming and cooling of water temperature, although the average annual water temperature of the LMRB has increased by 0.27–0.59 °C. (3) The slight increase in annual average water temperature due to reservoir operation gradually weakened from upstream to downstream. (4) The increase in annual river temperature became more pronounced from 2008 to 2016 with the completion of Xiaowan, Nuozadu, and other power stations. This study characterized the responses of streamflow temperature to climate change and cascade reservoirs and can act as a reference for water resources management and hydropower development in the LMRB.
Abstract
Objectives
To explore the impact of visceral obesity (VO) measured by preoperative abdominal computed tomography (CT) on postoperative infectious complications for colorectal cancer (CRC) ...patients and establish a predictive model.
Methods
Patients who underwent resection for colorectal cancer between January 2015 and January 2021 were enrolled in this study. All patients were measured for body mass index (BMI) and visceral fat area (VFA) preoperatively. Infectious complications were compared between the different groups according to BMI and VO categories. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze whether VO was an independent risk factor for postoperative infectious complications. According to the results of logistic regression, six machine learning approaches were used to establish predictive models and perform internal validation. The best-performing model was interpreted by the SHAPley Additive exPlanations value.
Results
Approximately 64.81% of 520 patients had VO. VO was significantly connected with postoperative infectious complications (
P
< 0.001), coronary heart disease (
P
= 0.004), cerebral infarction (
P
= 0.001), hypertension (
P
< 0.001), diabetes (
P
< 0.001), and fatty liver (
P
< 0.001). The rates of wound infection (
P
= 0.048), abdominal or pelvic infection (
P
= 0.006), and pneumonia (
P
= 0.008) increased obviously in patients with VO. Compared to the low BMI group, a high BMI was found to be significantly associated with hypertension (
P
=0.007), fatty liver (
P
＜0.001), and a higher rate of postoperative infection (
P
=0.003). The results of logistic regression revealed that VO (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.17 ~ 3.48,
P
= 0.012), operation time ≥ 4 h (OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.60 ~ 3.97,
P
< 0.001), smoking (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.16 ~ 3.59,
P
= 0.014), ostomy (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.04 ~ 2.61,
P
= 0.033), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.09 ~ 4.57,
P
= 0.029) were independent risk factors. The light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) model displayed the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (0.74, 95% CI 0.68 ~ 0.81).
Conclusions
In this study, VO was superior to BMI in evaluating the influence of obesity on metabolic comorbidities and postoperative infectious complications in colorectal cancer patients.
The Internet reserves numerous potential path diversity among densely connected autonomous systems (ASes). However, the Internet routing is controlled by Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), which has ...limitations in path diversity expression and cooperation between ASes. The emergence of software defined networking (SDN) scheme provides flexible control over networks. In this paper, we leverage the programmability of SDN, and propose a new routing control plane, named RCS. It can support flexible inter-domain forwarding control, and enable network functions chaining along inter-domain paths. In RCS, network functions are abstracted and disseminated between SDN ASes. Customer networks can set up desired routing paths for particular applications, such as multipath routing. RCS can be deployed incrementally to apply SDN on current inter-domain settings. In our experimental analysis based on BGP data, the provision of RCS control at only a few ASes can lead to much potential path diversity.
There are presently no consensuses on the optimal sedation strategy for obese patients during gastrointestinal endoscopy. This study aim to explore the effects of opioid-free propofol or remimazolam ...balanced anesthesia on hypoxemia incidence in patients with obesity. A total of 264 patients were randomized to remimazolam + esketamine group (group R) or propofol + esketamine group (group P). Anesthesia in group P was administrated by propofol, esketamine and in group R by remimazolam, esketamine. The primary outcome was incidence of hypoxemia. Secondary outcomes were the time to loss of consciousness (LoC) and to recovery and the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative adverse reactions. We found the incidence of mild hypoxemia in group R was similar to that in group P (14.2% vs. 11.5%,
= 0.396). The incidence of severe hypoxemia in group R was significantly lower than Group P (4.2% vs. 9.2%,
= 0.019). The time to LoC in group R was longer than group P Median (interquartile range, IQR): 53 s (45 to 61) vs. 50 s (42 to 54),
= 0.001. The time to recovery from anesthesia in group R was less than group P Median (IQR): 48 min (41 to 58) vs. 55.5 min (46 to 67),
<0.001. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events (
> 0.05 for all). We concluded that compared with propofol combined with esketamine, remimazolam combined with esketamine can reduce the incidence of severe hypoxemia during gastrointestinal endoscopy in obese patients.
www.chictr.org.cn, Identifier: ChiCTR2200065575.
SDN provides an approach to create desired network forwarding plane by programming applications.For a large-scale SDN network comprised of multiple domains and running multiple controller ...applications, it is difficult to measure and diagnose the problems of flow tables in data plane. Tracing the forwarding path of SDN is one of effective way for data plane state measurement. Previously proposed methods for debugging SDN were applied to a single administrative domain. There is less effort to trace the flow entries of the data plane in large-scale multi-domain SDN networks. In this paper, we propose a method of software defined data plane tracing in large-scale multi-domain SDN networks. Our method can trace forwarding paths, and get the matched flow entries and other customized trace information. We present the designs compatible with Open Flow 1.0 and1.3 switches. The performance and deployment effect are evaluated by simulation test and analysis. It shows that our method has better performance than traditional IP traceroute, and its deployment at about 20% of AS nodes can enable 70% of AS paths to be traceable.
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were isolated from heavy metal contaminated soils and their potentials for lead (Pb) immobilization in soil were studied in this paper. 53 PSB strains were ...isolated and their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for lead were determined. The results showed that strains B3, B4, B10, F2-1 and L1-5 had relatively high lead resistant capabilities with MICs ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM, and were identified as species of Leclercia adecarboxylata and Pseudomonas putida by 16S rRNA. The most efficient PSB strains could solubilize 200 mg L−1 of P, and phosphate solubilizing capacity of those PSBs was related to the concentrations of organic acids, acid phosphatase activity and pH. Furthermore, the growth pattern of L1-5 strain with the presence of Pb(NO3)2 was observed and a mechanism of biomineralization of lead ions in bacteria biomass was determined by FT-IR and XRD analyses. Results showed that high concentration of lead can inhibit the growth of PSBs, and L1-5 isolate can transform lead ions into lead hydroxyapatite and pyromorphite. The PSBs, which possessing the properties of immobilizing lead through phosphate solubilization and biomineralization could be exploited for bioremediation of Pb polluted soils in future.
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•5 PSBs showed relatively high lead resistant capabilities with MICs ranged from 0.5 to 8 mM.•PSBs were identified as species of Leclercia adecarboxylata and Pseudomonas putida by16S rRNA.•The most efficient PSB strain solubilize over 200 mg L−1 orthophosphate via acidification.•Lead ions can be transform into lead hydroxyapatite and pyromorphite by PSB.
•An intelligent SOH estimation framework for EVs big data platform is presented.•The capacity estimation model is established based on neural network algorithm.•The dataset is generated from ...real-word data of EVs under actual operation.•Big data analysis is used for extraction of health feature parameters and selection of training data.•Accurate SOH evaluation can be obtained by using the historical operating data.
State of health (SOH) of in-vehicle lithium-ion batteries not only directly determines the acceleration performance and driving range of electric vehicles (EVs), but also reflects the residual value of the batteries. Especially, with the development of data acquisition and analysis technologies, using big data to realize on-line evaluation of battery SOH shows vital significance. In this paper, we propose an intelligent SOH estimation framework based on the real-world data of EVs collected by the big data platform. Defined by the more accessible detection, the health features are extracted from historical operating data. Then, the deep learning process is implemented in feedforward neural network driven by the degradation index. The estimation method is validated by the one-year monitoring dataset from 700 vehicles with different driving mode. The result shows that the proposed framework can effectively estimate SOH with the maximum relative error of 4.5% and describe the aging trend of battery pack based on big data platform.
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