How can small cities make an impact in a globalizing world dominated by ‘world cities’ and urban development strategies aimed at increasing agglomeration? This book addresses the challenges of ...smaller cities trying to put themselves on the map, attract resources and initiate development. Placemaking has become an important tool for driving urban development that is sensitive to the needs of communities. This volume examines the development of creative placemaking practices that can help to link small cities to external networks, stimulate collaboration and help them make the most of the opportunities presented by the knowledge economy. The authors argue that the adoption of more strategic, holistic placemaking strategies that engage all stakeholders can be a successful alternative to copying bigger places. Drawing on a range of examples from around the world, they analyse small city development strategies and identify key success factors. This book focuses on the case of ‘s-Hertogenbosch, a small Dutch city that used cultural programming to link itself to global networks and stimulate economic, cultural, social and creative development. It advocates the use of cultural programming strategies as a more flexible alternative to traditional top-down planning approaches and as a means of avoiding copying the big city. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Universities have been subjected to continuous government reforms since the 1980s, to make them 'entrepreneurial', 'efficient' and aligned to the predicted needs and challenges of a global knowledge ...economy. Under increasing pressure to pursue 'excellence' and 'innovation', many universities are struggling to maintain their traditional mission to be inclusive, improve social mobility and equality and act as the 'critic and conscience' of society. Drawing on a multi-disciplinary research project, University Reform, Globalisation and Europeanisation (URGE), this collection analyses the new landscapes of public universities emerging across Europe and the Asia-Pacific, and the different ways that academics are engaging with them.
The main research activities in economics during the last five years have significantly increased. The main research fields are operation research and sustainable development. The philosophy of ...decision making in economics is to assess and select the most preferable solution, implement it and to gain the biggest profit. Preferences are used in a lot of problem situations both in individual and organizational decision making processes. A number of effective decision making methods that support decisions under conditions of multiple criteria have appeared in the last decade. This paper presents a panorama of decision making methods in economics and summarizes the most important results and applications over the last five years. This paper considers decision making in light of the recent developments of multiple criteria decision making methods (because classical methods are overviewed in a lot of earlier publications). Authors of different approaches, pioneering studies and works are presented in short.
Handbook Integrated Care Amelung, Volker; Stein, Viktoria; Goodwin, Nicholas ...
2017, 2017-06-30
eBook
Open access
Gives profound insight into the main ideas and concepts of integrated care. It offers a managed care perspective with a focus on patient orientation, efficiency, and quality by applying widely ...recognized management approaches to the field of health care. The handbook also provides international best practices and shows how integrated care does work throughout various health systems. The delivery of health and social care is characterised by fragmentation and complexity in most health systems throughout the world.
This book will appeal to scholars and policymakers who deal with and/or are conducting research on the factors of economic growth. At present, there is no unified growth model that is feasible for ...every investigation. As such, this volume offers key insights into the factors that are most relevant in explaining growth variation at country, regional and metropolitan levels. In order to acquaint the reader with the concepts related to the subject, two theoretical chapters detail the schools of thought and the models that were formulated in the past. Three empirical chapters then present an up-to-date and a multi-level investigation, using the most comprehensive models, for the European Union. The results of this book are policy-oriented and will serve to help close the gaps between EU countries and regions.
This edition of the World Malaria Report summarizes thecurrent status of malaria control worldwide. It reviews progresstowards internationally agreed goals and targets anddescribes trends in funding ...intervention coverage andmalaria cases and deaths. In 2013 there are 97 countries and territories with ongoingmalaria transmission and 6 countries in the prevention of reintroductionphase making a total of 103 countries and territoriesin which malaria is presently considered endemic. Globally an estimated 3.4 billion people are at risk of malaria. WHO estimatesthat 207 million cases of malaria occurred globally in 2012(uncertainty range 135?287 million) and 627 000 deaths (uncertaintyrange 473 000?789 000). Most cases (80%) and deaths (90%) occurred in Africa andmost deaths (77%) were in children under 5 years of age. The World Malaria Report presents a critical analysis and interpretationof data provided by national malaria control programmes(NMCPs) in endemic countries. Standard reporting forms weresent in April 2013 to the 97 countries with ongoing malariatransmission and to 5 of the countries that recently entered theprevention of reintroduction phase. Information was requestedon (i) populations at risk; (ii) vector species; (iii) number of cases admissions and deaths for each parasite species; (iv) completenessof outpatient reporting; (v) policy implementation; (vi)commodities distributed and interventions undertaken; (vii)results of household surveys; and (viii) malaria financing.Table 1.2 summarizes the percentage of countries respondingby month and by WHO region in 2012.Information from household surveys was used to complementdata submitted by NMCPs notably the demographic and healthsurveys (DHS) multiple indicator cluster surveys (MICS) andmalaria indicator surveys (MIS). These surveys provide informationon the percentage of the population
that sleeps under amosquito net and the percentage of children with fever who aretreated and the medication they receive. Information on malariafinancing was obtained from the Organisation for EconomicCo-operation and Development (OECD) database on foreignaid flows and directly from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) and the US President?sMalaria Initiative (PMI).Data were analysed by WHO staff at headquarters and regionaloffices with extensive consultation with WHO country officesand NMCPs regarding the interpretation of country information.Assistance in data analysis and interpretation was also providedby the African Leaders Malaria Alliance (ALMA) the Child HealthEpidemiology Reference Group (CHERG) the Institute of HealthMetrics and Evaluation (IHME) the Malaria Atlas Projectthe US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) andthe Global Fund. The following chapters consider the policies and interventionsrecommended by WHO the implementation of interventions and the impact of these interventions on malaria cases anddeaths from a global and a regional perspective.Chapter 2 summarizes the WHO policy-setting process and thepolicies and strategies recommended by WHO to achieve theinternationally agreed goals for malaria control and elimination.It describes the goals and targets for malaria control and elimination and recommended indicators of progress.Chapter 3 reviews recent trends in international and domesticfinancing in relation to the resource requirements for meetingglobal malaria control targets. It examines the distribution ofmalaria funding by WHO region by gross national income (GNI)per capita and by malaria mortality rate of a country. It alsoreviews endemic countries? willingness to pay for malaria control.Chapter 4 reviews the commodity needs for malaria vectorcontrol. It considers the policies
that national programmes haveadopted for vector control implementation and the progressmade towards universal access to ITNs and IRS. An update isprovided on the growing problem of insecticide resistance andthe appropriate monitoring and management of resistance.Chapter 5 reviews progress in implementation of chemoprevention particularly the intermittent preventive treatment ofmalaria in pregnancy and in infants and the introduction ofseasonal chemoprevention in older children. It also reports onthe current status of malaria vaccine development.Chapter 6 reviews the commodity needs for malaria diagnostictesting and treatment. It reports on the extent to which nationalprogrammes have adopted policies for universal diagnostictesting of suspected malaria cases and examines trends in theavailability of parasitological testing. It also reviews the adoptionof policies and implementation of programmes for improvingaccess to effective treatment for malaria. Finally this chapterreports on progress in the withdrawal of oral artemisinin-basedmonotherapies from the market the current status of drug efficacymonitoring recent trends in antimalarial drug resistanceand efforts to contain artemisinin resistance.Chapter 7 examines the extent to which data are available formonitoring progress towards international targets and how thishas changed since 2000.Chapter 8 reviews trends in reported malaria cases for 62 countriesthat have reported consistently between 2000 and 2012. For countries with low numbers of cases it summarizes theirprogress towards elimination. This chapter also presents an analysisof the estimated numbers of cases and deaths for countrieswith ongoing transmission between 2000 and 2012.Regional profiles are provided. These summarize the epidemiologyof malaria in each WHO region trends in malaria caseincidence and the links between malaria trends
and malariaprogramme implementation. Country profiles are also provided for countries with ongoingmalaria transmission and those recently progressing to theprevention of reintroduction phase. These profiles are followedby Annexes which give data by country for the malaria-relatedindicators.
Globalization, surely one of the most used and abused buzzwords of recent decades, describes a phenomenon that is typically considered to be a neutral and inevitable expansion of market forces across ...the planet. Nearly all economists, politicians, business leaders, and mainstream journalists view globalization as the natural result of economic development, and a beneficial one at that. But, as noted economist Martin Hart-Landsberg argues, this perception does not match the reality of globalization. The rise of transnational corporations and their global production chains was the result of intentional and political acts, decisions made at the highest levels of power. Their aim - to increase profits by seeking the cheapest sources of labor and raw materials - was facilitated through policy-making at the national and international levels, and was largely successful. But workers in every nation have paid the costs, in the form of increased inequality and poverty, the destruction of social welfare provisions and labor unions, and an erratic global economy prone to bubbles, busts, and crises. This book examines the historical record of globalization and restores agency to the capitalists, policy-makers, and politicians who worked to craft a regime of world-wide exploitation. It demolishes their neoliberal ideology - already on shaky ground after the 2008 financial crisis - and picks apart the record of trade agreements like NAFTA and institutions like the WTO. But, crucially, Hart- Landsberg also discusses alternatives to capitalist globalization, looking to examples such as South America's Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) for clues on how to build an international economy based on solidarity, social development, and shared prosperity.
The „as efficient competitor“-standard has gained great practical significance when assessing exclusionary conduct – not least because of the „more economic approach“. The thesis investigates the ...standard’s historical and economic backgrounds, analyses its history of application and undertakes a critical assessment based on the aforementioned factors. The thesis follows a comparative law approach and is highly interdisciplinary. Thereby it majorly contributes to the controversial topic of how industrial organisation’s findings can be made viable for the application of law in light of versatile shortcomings. It adds to a clarification of the demanding prohibition rules on exclusionary conduct by providing important insights into the application of the „as efficient competitor“ test. By doing so, it aims at attracting the interest of academic scholars as well as professionals.
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