The paper is devoted to the study of the issue of internationalization as a component of the national strategy for improvement of the higher education space in Ukraine. It is shown that ...internationalization of higher education is an instrument of achieving academic goals, values of cooperation and mutual benefit. The internationalization of higher education is seen as a multilevel phenomenon that includes supranational, continental, national, institutional, and individual levels. The national level of internationalization of higher education is analysed in detail on the example of higher education space in Ukraine. It is noted that Ukraine has made significant achievements in the internationalization of higher education through the implementation of the Bologna reform and reform in higher education management and governance. New opportunities for higher education in Ukraine through current international research and educational projects and cooperation with international organizations are highlighted. The institutional level of internationalization of higher education is presented on the example of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. Some findings of the author research of the attitude of students of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv to the issues of internationalization are also presented.
•We developed a typology of 13 main export patterns and 11 sub-patterns.•69% of Estonian exporters reduced or stopped exporting to at least one market.•58% of exporters exported only for 1 year.•True ...born globals and traditional (slow) internationalizers were rare.•Many firms had a low export share and/or a small number of export markets.
As exporting is the most common internationalization form, previous studies have tried categorizing export patterns but without using a full population of a particular country's firms for finding out how often every pattern occurs. We aim to develop a typology of 13 main export patterns and 11 sub-patterns and identify the frequency of each export pattern using detailed firm- and market-level export data for the population of Estonian firms. We conclude that 69% of Estonian exporters (excluding 1st-year exporters) reduced or stopped exporting to at least one market, 58% exported only for 1 year and that true born globals and traditional (slow) internationalizers were rare: many firms started exporting soon after foundation but had a low export share and/or a small number of export markets.
The internationalization of businesses is a complex and intricate endeavor accompanied by a high level of risk. Among the influential factors one should mention cultural and language differences. ...When a company expands its operations beyond the borders of its home country, it encounters market events that may differ from those known and recognized. Knowledge and knowledge management are crucial factors that greatly impact the success of such ventures. An organization must be capable of swiftly and effectively managing information on every level. Recognizing the significance of information and knowledge management in the context of internationalization has influenced the structure of this publication. The initial phase presents a justification for the chosen topic, followed by a review of the literature. The research findings from a survey conducted by the authors between November 2022 and March 2023, enriched with literature analysis and observation, constitute an important element of this work.
There has been a marked increase in the internationalization activities of African firms over the last two decades or so, resulting in the emergence of regional challenger firms that are aggressively ...competing with foreign multinationals in terrains historically dominated by the latter. However, our understanding of this phenomenon is limited, as empirical research examining the nature of internationalization of African firms is scarce, and research directly investigating drivers, outcomes, and boundary conditions of the internationalization of African firms is lacking. The goal of this special issue, therefore, is to contribute to the scholarly understanding of the increasingly prevalent internationalization of African firms. This guest editorial provides a summary of the six articles in this special issue, and highlights three broad thematic issues: internationalization opportunities for African firms (accelerated private‐sector development and regional integration, and ability to overcome institutional voids); internationalization challenges (global competitiveness challenges, limited management and cross‐cultural capabilities, and overcoming the liability of Africanness); and internationalization risks (losing focus on home markets and over‐internationalization).
While studies show that different internationalization rhythms may result in differing financial performances or cost efficiencies, the relationship between internationalization rhythms and ...innovation performance remains underexplored. More importantly, the moderating role of speed on this relationship has not been examined, given the limits to how much expansion firms can absorb within a given period without jeopardizing operations and as time compression diseconomies may emerge with high-speed expansion. Here, we apply an absorptive capacity perspective to examine the moderating role of internationalization speed. Unbalanced panel data from Chinese multinational enterprises between 2008 and 2014 reveal a negative relationship between parent companies’ internationalization rhythm and innovation performance, with stronger effects under high internationalization speed. Meanwhile, this relationship weakens (strengthens) with increasing internal organizational slack (external competitive intensity).
•Internationalization speed moderate the relationship between internationalization rhythms and innovation performance.•Organizational slack and competitive intensity moderate the impact of rhythms on innovation performance.•The study explores the mediating role of absorptive capacity in innovation performance.
•Digital transformation can promote the initial internationalization speed of enterprises.•Digital transformation can promote the speed of post-entry internationalization.•The more vital the ...innovation ability of enterprises, the stronger the promotion effect of digital transformation on the initial internationalization speed.•The more robust the firm's innovation capability, the stronger the facilitating effect of digital transformation on the speed of post-entry internationalization.
Based on the data of Chinese listed firms from 2012 to 2022, this paper provides an in-depth discussion of the mechanism of digital transformation on the speed of internationalization and its boundary conditions. The findings show that digital transformation significantly improves firms' adaptability to environmental changes, which in turn accelerates initial and post-entry internationalization speed. In addition, digital transformation enhances the ability to cope with uncertainty, facilitates knowledge sharing and dynamic transfer within the enterprise, and further stimulates the innovation vitality of the enterprise. Ultimately, digital transformation helps build an innovation ecosystem for the real economy and accelerates the internationalization process of enterprises.
Operating in the home country provides firms with substantial experience and learning opportunities. Emerging market economies provide a rich context in terms of diversity of sub-national ...institutions, competitors, consumers, and business networks. Operating in such context enables EMNEs to experience and learn about developed and underdeveloped institutions, building relationships with firms within and outside of their networks, customers with diverse income levels, tastes and preferences, and competition from firms with multiple ownership groups. The experience and learning that EMNEs gain from such diversity in their home environments assist them in their international expansion. Focusing on the pre-internationalization stage, we identify different aspects of home country diversity that facilitates EMNE internationalization. Additionally, we discuss the firm-specific contingencies that enable or restrict learning from home environments.
Internationalization as a concept and strategic agenda is a relatively new, broad, and varied phenomenon in tertiary education. During the past half-century, internationalization has evolved from a ...marginal activity to a key aspect of the reform agenda. This analysis addresses the following points: What are the historical developments of internationalization? What do we mean by internationalization? What are the key factors in international tertiary education that impact, and are impacted by, this phenomenon? What initiatives and policies are developed to enhance the internationalization of tertiary education? What are the key data, trends, and challenges that are crucial for the future of internationalization, abroad and at home, in a critical time of transformation as a result of nationalist-populist developments, climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic?
Drawing on social capital theory and the international entrepreneurship literature, we develop hypotheses relating the structural, cognitive and relational aspects of the international network of SME ...CEOs to two internationalization outcomes – speed and performance. The study is based on a sample of 155 Czech SMEs covering a broad range of manufacturing industries. Our findings indicate that firms sharing a common language with their international ties are able to internationalize faster than firms that do not share a common language. Moreover, we observe that geographically diverse networks contribute to superior performance. Extensive reliance on personal contacts hinders the performance of the first international venture.
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