Based on archival materials from several countries, especially China, , interviews, and more than twenty years of research on the subject, Zhihua Shen and Yafeng Xia offer a comprehensive look at the ...Sino-Soviet alliance from the end of the World War II through 1959, when the alliance ended as a result of foreign and domestic policies. Mao and the Sino-Soviet Partnership, 1945-1959: A New History is a reevaluation of the history of this alliance and offers the first comprehensive account of it from a Chinese perspective.
Why do leaders sometimes challenge, rather than accept, the international structures that surround their states? In The International Ambitions of Mao and Nehru, Andrew Kennedy answers this question ...through in-depth studies of Chinese foreign policy under Mao Zedong and Indian foreign policy under Jawaharlal Nehru. Drawing on international relations theory and psychological research, Kennedy offers a new theoretical explanation for bold leadership in foreign policy, one that stresses the beliefs that leaders develop about the 'national efficacy' of their states. He shows how this approach illuminates several of Mao and Nehru's most important military and diplomatic decisions, drawing on archival evidence and primary source materials from China, India, the United States and the United Kingdom. A rare blend of theoretical innovation and historical scholarship, The International Ambitions of Mao and Nehru is a fascinating portrait of how foreign policy decisions are made.
"The writings of Mao Zedong have been circulated throughout the world more widely, perhaps, than those of any other single person this century. The “Talks at the Yan’an Conference on Literature and ...Art” has occupied a prominent position among his many works and has been the subject of intense scrutiny both within and outside China. This text has undoubted importance to modern Chinese literature and history. In particular, it reveals Mao’s views on such questions as the relationship between writers or works of literature and their audience, or the nature and value of different kinds of literary products. In this translation and commentary, Bonnie S. McDougall finds that Mao was in fact ahead of many of his critics in the West and his Chinese contemporaries in his discussion of literary issues. Unlike the majority of modern Chinese writers deeply influenced by Western theories of literature and society (including Marxism), Mao remained close to traditional patterns of thought and avoided the often mechanical or narrowly literal interpretations that were the hallmark of Western schools current in China in the early twentieth century. Many of the detailed discussions on the “Talks” in the West have been concerned with their political and historical significance. However, since Mao is a literary figure of some importance in twentieth-century China, McDougall finds it worthwhile to follow up his published remarks on the nature and source of literature and the means of its evaluation. By better understanding the complex and revolutionary ideas contained in the “Talks,” McDougall suggests we may acquire the necessary analytical tools for a more fruitful investigation into contemporary Chinese literature."
The Emergence of Global Maoism examines the spread of Mao Zedong's writings, ideology, and institutions when they traveled outside of China. Matthew Galway links Chinese Communist Party efforts to ...globalize Maoism to the dialectical engagement of exported Maoism by Cambodian Maoist intellectuals. How do ideas manifest outside of their place of origin? Galway analyzes how universal ideological systems became localized, both in Mao's indigenization of Marxism-Leninism and in the Communist Party of Kampuchea's indigenization of Maoism into its own revolutionary ideology. By examining the intellectual journeys of CPK leaders who, during their studies in Paris in the 1950s, became progressive activist-intellectuals and full-fledged Communists, he shows that they responded to political and socioeconomic crises by speaking back to Maoism—adapting it through practice, without abandoning its universality. Among Mao's greatest achievements, the Sinification of Marxism enabled the CCP to canonize Mao's thought and export it to a progressive audience of international intellectuals. These intellectuals would come to embrace the ideology as they set a course for social change. The Emergence of Global Maoism illuminates the process through which China moved its goal from class revolution to a larger anticolonial project that sought to cast out European and American imperialism from Asia.
This book is not merely a history of Mao’s thought, as it presents a philosophical inquest on its development. It is also a philosophical reflection on the state of contemporary Chinese society and ...culture employing Mao’s philosophical keys. What Allinson provides is a completely new narrative of the so-called Great Helmsman’s intellectual profile and all of 20th Chinese culture. This is the right book at the right moment for understanding China’s incredible growth and deep contradictions, but also the new Chinese diplomatic impatience towards unequal treatment on the international stage. Mao’s most unacceptable and dramatic decisions find a new coherency that, in this case, contradicts the thesis of the “banality of evil”. Allinson shows an excellent capacity to freely reflect with the thinker without lessening the tragic consequences of his political decisions. As the author states: “Mao represents a unique mixture between Plato’s philosopher king and Plato’s tyrant of the Republic” (p. 100).
El presente artículo investiga los vínculos políticos y artísticos entre el poeta chileno Pablo De Rokha (seudónimo de Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola, 1894-1968) y el proyecto maoísta. En este se ...argumenta que el encuentro armónico de De Rokha con el programa revolucionario chino responde a una serie de procesos y eventos personales, locales y globales que afectaron fuertemente las perspectivas del vate sobre el arte y la política. Así, esta contribución presenta a De Rokha como un tipo de revolucionario latinoamericano que se identificó con las ideas políticas y artísticas de Mao Zedong (1894-1976), basado en los problemas, experiencias y anhelos mutuos de ambas regiones. This paper researches the political and artistic links between the Chilean poet Pablo De Rokha (pen name for Carlos Ignacio Díaz Loyola, 1894-1968) and the Maoist project. It argues that De Rokha’s harmonic encounter with the Chinese revolutionary program responds to a series of personal, local and global processes and events that strongly affected the poet’s perspectives on art and politics. This contribution then introduces De Rokha as a Latin American revolutionary who identified with the political and artistic ideas of Mao Zedong 毛澤東 (1894-1976), based on the mutual problems, experiences, and aspirations of both regions.
Since the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) established its own military force (People’s Liberation Army PLA), it has always emphasised ‘The Party Commands Gun’ (dangzhihuiqiang, µ³Ö¸»Óǹ). However, the ...high-ranking CCP leaders who hold ‘military power (junquan, ¾üȨ)’ would also use their influence in the PLA to influence or even change the direction of Chinese politics. In addition, the meaning of ‘The Party Commands Gun’ also varies by period, and the meaning of it is also quite different in different eras in the CCP party history. In this article, the author aims to analyse the connotation changes of the CCP’s political slogan ‘The Party Commands Gun’ from the perspective of historical evolution. Based on examples from the history of the CCP, the focus will be compared to the CCP’s revolutionary era, the Mao Zedong era and the post-Mao era of ‘The Party Commands Gun’. From the perspective of empirical analysis and historical evolution, the author reveals the evolution of the purpose of ‘The Party Commands Gun’ from the revolutionary era to Deng Xiaoping era.
The strong increase in the expenditure of the Chinese cooperation for development is particularly relevant for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). This article aims to analyze both the evolution ...and the perspective of the foreign Chinese help provided to LAC in three study parts: first, an overarching view of how Chinese help to LAC has evolved, which consists in six historic stages according to the political changes and the strategic and economic demands in the Asian country; second, presentation of empirical data related to the Official Assistance for Development together with the analysis of other Official Flows; third, an overview ofthe potential benefits for the region from the relations to China. We conclude that there is a high probability that the said help, other official flows, and the bilateral trade between China and LAC will contribute to the short- and medium-term growth in the region. However, even though China appears as a long-term ally, there are some doubts on the growth sustainability in the future since the LAC regions still has a strong dependence on the natural resources.
The transformation of the Chinese economy as a result of their national characteristics has been the object of a deep reflection in the last decades. In addition, different studies suggest that the ...economies in East Asia like Japan and South Korea owe their growth to the legacy of Confucius. In this century China puts Confucianism in the spotlight once again as a component of the ruler’s rhetoric for advancing to a “harmonious socialist society”. This work aims to pin down the building blocks of Confucianism in the development policies of the People’s Republic of China since their beginnings. This work is based on the analysis of the five-year resolutions issued by the National Congress of the CPC. It is concluded that Confucianism has influenced deeply and positively the economic development of China from the times of Mao Zedong to the first years of the current ruling by Xi Jinping. In this context, the relationship governor-subject, the pragmatism and Confucianism ethics stand out as the key building blocks.
El siglo XXI ha sido testigo del resurgimiento del populismo. Utilizando el método bibliométrico, el presente artículo analiza los enfoques temáticos y las principales tendencias de los estudios ...sobre populismo en revistas académicas chinas durante el período 2000-2020. La investigación demuestra un crecimiento exponencial de la producción científica en el periodo analizado. Como parte de los hallazgos, se encuentra que la mayoría de las revistas más productivas en el rubro son misceláneas y se evidencia una preferencia al trabajo individual por parte de los autores chinos. La Ciencia Política es la disciplina con mayor cantidad de publicaciones, mientras que los enfoques temáticos que destacan son la evolución histórica del populismo en China, la definición del populismo, el populismo digital en China, así como las características e impactos de esta cuestión en tiempos recientes. El término "Mao Zedong" es el primer y más estable foco de investigación, mientras que "Unión Europea" es el último enfoque en los estudios chinos sobre populismo.
PDF
