Kje so emonski otroci? Županek, Bernarda; Leskovar, Tamara
Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca,
12/2023, Volume:
25, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
V prispevku raziskujeva vprašanja, povezana z zdravstvenim stanjem in smrtnostjo otrok v Emoni. V ospredje postavljava diskrepanco med ocenjeno visoko smrtnostjo otrok v rimskem času in relativno ...nizkim odstotkom doslej odkritih otroških grobov v Emoni. Rezultati analiz kremiranih ostankov iz nekaterih zgodnjerimskih emonskih grobov kažejo, da je bila v posamezen grob včasih pokopana več kot ena oseba, pogosto skupaj odrasli in otrok. V prispevku se sprašujeva, ali so to doslej neodkriti pokopi emonskih otrok, in iščeva tudi druge možne razlage. Poleg tega podajava nekaj informacij o zdravstvenem stanju emonskih otrok na osnovi doslej pregledanega gradiva.
Oblatio puerorum Jakob Piletič
Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca,
12/2023, Volume:
25, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Otroci so bili iz različnih razlogov že od samega začetka cenobitskega meništva del samostanskih skupnosti. Otrok in samostan sta sicer na videz nezdružjiva pojma, ki pa se srečata v danes obskurni, ...nekdaj pa močno uveljavljeni religiozni praksi otroških oblacij, ki svoj vzpon pričenja ob zatonu antične kulture. V prispevku bomo orisali religijski fenomen otroških oblatov, otrok, ki so jih starši že v rani mladosti »(za)puščali«, »podarjali« oz. »posvečevali« samostanom iz različnih vzgibov. Benediktova regula, absoluten kodeks zahodnega meništva, na večih mestih omenja otroke v samostanu, zlasti otroke – oblate in jih kot način posvečenga življenja tudi institucionalizira. Kakšen je bil njihov položaj in vloga v meniški skupnosti? Kako se je tovrstna praksa razvija in iz vzhoda prenesla na zahod? Kaj je botrovalo takšni praksi in kakšni so bili vzgibi staršev za tovrstno ravnanje? Gre res le za antično expositio ali pa so razlogi bolj religiozne narave?
Prispevek se na primeru skupine stel, pripisanih isti celejski delavnici, osredotoča na upodobitve otrok oziroma v prvi vrsti na razmerje med starostjo portretiranca in starostjo, navedeno na ...epitafu. Te sicer običajne »anomalije« še posebej pogosto nastopijo tudi v donavskih provincah, kjer so potomci nemalokrat upodobljeni kot majhni otroci, četudi gre za (skoraj) odrasle osebe. Bodisi so bili uporabljeni spomeniki z vnaprej izklesano shemo bodisi so starši želeli s tem poudariti relacijo starši-otrok. Na skupini obravnavanih stel je le v enem primeru hči prikazana kot odrasla oseba. Temu je bržkone botrovalo dejstvo, da je bila prav ona tudi naročnica, upodobitev fantka s Horusovim čopom na drugi steli ter oblačila otrok, ki se ujemajo z opravo matere oziroma očeta, pa nakazujejo, da so vse bile izklesane individualno, po naročilu.
Abstract Objective Our aim was to assess the level and socio-demographic correlates of the ability to maintain health among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans. ...Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Albania in September 2022. The study population consisted of a nationwide representative sample of 7,831 schoolchildren (≈54% girls) aged 12–15 years. A structured self-administered and anonymous questionnaire inquired about the children’s attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) and a range of key dimensions on knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. Socio-demographic data were also collected. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the socio-demographic correlates of children’s ability to maintain health. Results Overall, about 71% of schoolchildren exhibited the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). In the multivariable adjusted logistic regression models, poorer attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) were significantly related to older age (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.0–1.3), middle/low maternal education (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1–1.3), poor/very poor economic situation (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.2–1.8), lack of appropriate knowledge about rights to healthcare (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.1–1.5), lack of knowledge about obtaining healthcare services (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.4–2.2), and lack of consultations/visits with health professionals excluding vaccinations (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1–1.4). Conclusions Almost 1/3 rd of Albanian schoolchildren included in this study did not exhibit the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). The best attitudes were related to a higher socioeconomic level and adequate knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. There is thus a need to increase health literacy levels among children in order to ultimately induce sustainable healthy behavioural/lifestyle practices.
Healthcare workers (HCW) can have an important role in educating parents about child road safety, but research on the topic shows that they usually do not have adequate knowledge. Thus, the aim of ...our study was to analyze their knowledge in the field of child road safety.
The cross-sectional study was conducted among HCW from South Bačka district, Serbia, using a specially created questionnaire for assessing knowledge on road traffic injuries in children.
The research involved the participation of 317 healthcare workers (86 physicians and 231 nurses). Healthcare workers from primary healthcare made up almost 70% of all respondents, followed by those from tertiary (21.8%) and secondary (11.3%) level institutions. The average percentage of correct answers on the knowledge test was 74.3% (mean=22.3, SD=4.0). Out of all respondents, HCWs employed in the paediatrics department had a significantly higher percentage of correct answers at 77.7% (mean=23.3, SD=3.4) compared to other health workers at 73% (mean=21.9, SD=4.1) (p=0.002). Association analysis demonstrated that HCW employed at paediatric departments on average scored 1.37 (95% CI: 0.40-2.33, p=0.006) points higher in comparison with other HCW.
This research demonstrated an unsatisfactory level of knowledge on child road safety by HCW, and the variability across different question domains, which underlines the need for continuous educations in order to improve their knowledge. Our results may serve in planning additional public health measures and can provide a reference for future studies.