V pričujočem prispevku bomo skušali povzeti temeljne poudarke Plutarhove razprave Περὶ παίδων ἀγωγῆς (O vzgoji otrok). Razdelitev spisa na odlomke se ravna po Plutarhovi imaginarni delitvi na ...posamezne vsebinske sklope. Za vsak sklop je najprej naveden ključni odlomek v grščini skupaj s slovenskim prevodom, sledi pa mu komentar, ki pojasnjuje filozofsko in idejno ozadje, na katero se je Plutarh ponekod dobesedno, drugod posredno opiral. V zaključku povzemamo temeljne vire, na katerih temelji Plutarhova razprava.
The composition of the human gut microbiota, which can also be regulated by the consumption of probiotics, has a significant impact on host health. The main source of probiotics can be foods such as ...fermented foods, yogurts, fermented drinks and/or probiotic supplements. While parents play a critical role in ensuring the well-being of their children, this cross-sectional study is focused on parents' perspectives regarding the use of probiotics in the preschool period.
The self-administered online survey consisted of 24 questions arranged across two thematic sections. The final data analysis included 102 parents (96% F; 4% M), aged between 22 and 47. Their children were aged up to 6 years.
The majority (52%) of the parents were familiar with the term 'probiotics' and 86.3% were including probiotics in their children's diet at the time of the survey. The main source was probiotic food (36.3%), of which yoghurt was the most commonly consumed (87.2%). The inclusion of probiotic supplements in a child's diet was positively correlated with parents' consumption and level of knowledge about the term 'probiotics'. Digestive tract-related disorders were the most frequently reported motive for the initial introduction of probiotics into children's diet.
Based on our study results, parents are familiar with probiotics and include them in their children's diet. However, an attempt should be made to close the gaps in parents' knowledge that our research identified. Further studies are needed to determine the recommended amount of probiotic foods, as well as strategies to educate parents about the benefits of including probiotic foods in their children's diet.
The behaviour of parents in ensuring car passenger safety for their children is associated with socio-economic (SE) status of the family; however, the influence of parental education has rarely been ...researched and the findings are contradictory. The aim of the study was to clarify whether parental education influences the use of a child car seat during short rides.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in outpatient clinics for children's healthcare across Slovenia. 904 parents of 3-year-old children participated in the study; the response rate was 95.9%. A self-administered questionnaire was used. A binary multiple logistic regression was applied to assess the association between parental unsafe behaviour as dependent variable, and education and other SE factors as independent variables.
14.6% of parents did not use a child car seat during short rides. Families where mother had low or college education had higher odds of the non-use of a child car seat than families where mother had a university education. Single-parent families and those who lived in areas with low or medium SE status also had higher odds of the non-use of a child car seat.
Low educational attainment influences parents' behaviour regarding the non-use of a child car seat. Low parental education is not the only risk factor since some highly educated parents also have high odds of unsafe behaviour. All parents should therefore be included in individually tailored safety counselling programmes. SE inequalities could be further reduced with provision of free child car seats for eligible families.
Abstract
Background
Several researches indicate that most child victims delay disclosing of sexual abuse for significant periods of time. There are numerous reasons as to why children are avoiding ...the disclosure of the abuse. The aim of this study was to determine how a mother’s response to a child’s allegations impacts the child’s willingness to disclose sexual abuse.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective quantitative and qualitative analysis of 73 court-referred cases of child sexual abuse which have been disclosed in Slovenia in the last ten years. All the child victims included in the study were female and the perpetrators adult male persons. The expert opinions were made by the same expert.
Results
We realized that, at the occurrence of abuse, the child victims were from 4 to 15 years old and their mean age was at 11. 5 years. About two-thirds of children were victims of the intra-familial type (61.6%) and a little more than one third of extra-familial type of sexual abuse (38.4%). The group of victims with the support of their mothers needed about 9 months to disclose the secret, while the delay of the disclosure in the cases without the support of mothers was much longer (M=6.9 years).
Conclusion
For female child victims of sexual abuse the perceived protective attitude of their mothers is very important. Especially when the sexual abuse happened in the family, the mother’s support can attribute to stop the ongoing abuse, eliminate its immediate effects and decrease its likely negative long-term outcome.
Članek se ukvarja s queerovskim otrokom, nenormativnim otrokom, ki znotraj formulacije otroka kot nedolžnega bitja s predpostavljeno bodočo heteroseksualnostjo po navadi ostaja skrit. Zanima nas, ...kje iskati queerovskega otroka in kako o njem govoriti. Ravno zato, ker je queerovskemu otroku navadno zanikano mesto znotraj formulacij otroštva in se izrekanje queerovstva v sedanjiku (»Sem queerovski otrok.«) le malokrat zgodi, ga iščemo v fikciji z avtobiografskimi elementi, ki queerovstvo otroku pripiše za nazaj. Skozi primere biomitografije Zami: novo črkovanje mojega imena in eksperimentalnega dokumentarca Hide and Seek poskušamo pokazati, kako queerovsko otroštvo odpira potenciale drugačne formulacije želje in rasti, ki jima ne moremo zlahka določiti smeri in izid.
ADHD in children and adolescents is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which is recognized by the clinicians all over the world. ADHD is a clinical diagnosis based on reliable history, reports from home ...and school and a physical examination to rule out any other underlying medical conditions. ADHD can cause low self-esteem in the child and impair quality of life for the child and the family. It is known that ADHD is a chronic illness and that clinicians needed to use chronic illness principles in treating it. The last 10 years have seen an increase in the number of medications that have been approved for the treatment of ADHD. This book has tried to address some of the issues in ADHD.
The study examines if and how social workers' personal experience with violence in the family relates to their professional responses to children's exposure to domestic violence and physical abuse. ...Four case vignettes depicting situations of physical child abuse and of children witnessing abuse of their mothers were responded to by 106 Slovene social workers. Their ratings of perceived risk to the child, responsibility for endangerment of the child and support for a range of interventions were correlated with their self-reported frequencies of receiving corporal punishment, witnessing father's violence against mother and experiencing violence from a husband/intimate partner in their private lives. While corporal punishment in social workers' childhoodswas linked to favouring children's protection, social workers' histories of intimate partner violence were associated with perceiving lower risks to children exposed to domestic violence and physical child abuse. Social workers who had personally experienced violence from their parents and intimate partners were most reluctant to suggest shelter for battered women and children, parent counselling, or notification to the police. The results highlight the importance of addressing the influence of personal experiences of violence on professional judgements, through supervision and other programmes supporting quality in social work with children exposed to violence in their families.
Kako se predšolski otrok uči? Kakšno znanje je za otroka smiselno? Kakšna vseživljenjsko pomembna temeljna znanja potrebuje otrok? Kako mu strokovni delavci v vrtcu lahko pomagamo, da bo zgradil ...takšno znanje, ki mu bo služilo pri startu v učenju in življenju v prihodnosti? Iskanje odgovorov na ta in podobna vprašanja je življenjsko delo in pot našega vsakdanjega pedagoškega razmišljanja in ustvarjanja. Kot pravi Bečaj (2006), sta vzgoja in izobraževanje vedno usmerjena v prihodnost, zato je še kako pomembno, da mlade rodove pripravimo na svet, ki šele nastaja in za katerega nikoli ne vemo dobro, kakšen bo. V vse bolj kompleksnih in nepredvidljivih situacijah sodobni vrtec potrebuje vzgojitelja, ki otroku pomaga pridobivati znanja in veščine, ki jih bo potreboval v prihodnosti. Potrebuje strokovno usposobljenega in problemsko razmišljujočega vzgojitelja; učečega se vzgojitelja, ki se zaveda, da današnje znanje že jutri lahko zastara. Pri tem ima pomembno vlogo izkustveno učenje in izobraževanje, saj sodobno pojmovanje učenja pomeni predvsem interpretacijo izkušenj. Izkušnja je jedro učenja.
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