Generally, bi-functionalal electrocatalysts used for overall water splitting (OWS) have good hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Herein, RuSe2/MoOx ...composite (RSMC) is constructed through a simple and convenient solid phase reaction (SPR) strategy, and is further studied as a potential electrocatalyst for OWS. At first, we prepared RuO2/MoSe2 composite (RMC) precursor. When the RMC was heat-treated in a N2 atmosphere, the SPR occurred between RuO2 and MoSe2. Therefore, RMC was converted into RuSe2/MoOx composite (RSMC) in-situ, accompanied by the formation of oxygen vacancies (VO) in the MoOx phase. In this work, the overpotential of RSMC-500 (prepared by annealing the RMC precursor at 500 °C in a N2 atmosphere) at 10 mA cm−2 under alkaline conditions (1 M KOH) are 58 (HER) and 270 mV (OER), respectively. When using RSMC-500 as anode and cathode materials to make an electrolytic cell, a low cell voltage of 1.57 V is required under alkaline condition to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2. The good performance shows the potential application of RSMC-500 in the field of renewable and clean energy area.
The RuSe2/MoOx-Vo hybrid bi-functional electrocatalyst which with oxygen vacancies were synthesized by a solid phase reaction. The RuSe2/MoOx-Vo hybrid displays a low overpotential during the HER, OER and overall water splitting. Display omitted
•The defect-rich RuSe2/MoOx-Vo hybrid was synthesized by solid-phase reaction.•The RuSe2/MoOx-Vo hybrid shows excellent HER and OER performance.•The RuSe2/MoOx-Vo hybrid shows a low cell voltage of 1.57 V at overpotential.
The aim of this paper is to present some of the academic activities at the University of Ruse 'Angel Kanchev' to support the students' mindset regarding intergenerational family businesses under the ...INTERGEN concept. The University of Ruse 'Angel Kanchev' is among the first five Bulgarian universities, which in 2014, the European Commission, the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the Bulgarian Ministry of Education approached to analyse how the HEInnovate tool for selfassessment could be used to make the academic communities more entrepreneurial. The tasks of this paper are: (1) to present the participation of the University of Ruse 'Angel Kanchev' in the HEInnovate initiatives; (2) to present some research activities at the University of Ruse in support of the intergenerational family businesses, carried out by the Entrepreneurship Centre during the COVID-19 period. The report also enriches the concept of the intergenerational family business under the INTERGEN international academic network.
Se/Ru nanoparticles – a potent non-platinum catalyst towards oxygen reduction reaction – were modified by hydrated WO
3 and investigated using the rotating disk/ring electrode methods and by ...synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The modification resulted in an enhanced catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Our data indicate that the oxygen reduction current starts ca. 70
mV more positive and formation of undesirable hydrogen peroxide has significantly decreased following the modification of Se/Ru with WO
3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that WO
3 interacts electronically with Se/Ru as the W 4
f and Se 3
d line-shapes change. We therefore conclude that the electronic interactions between Se/Ru and WO
3 are primarily responsible for the increase in activity and selectivity of the WO
3-modified Se/Ru towards ORR.
What is the significance of empirical moral psychology for metaethics? In this article we take up Michael Ruse’s evolutionary debunking argument against moral realism and reassess it in the context ...of the empirical state of the art. Ruse’s argument depends on the phenomenological presumption that people generally experience morality as objective. We demonstrate how recent experimental findings challenge this widely-shared armchair presumption and conclude that Ruse’s argument fails. We situate this finding in the recent debate about Carnapian explication and argue that it illustrates the necessary role that empirical moral psychology plays in explication preparation. Moral psychology sets boundaries for reasonable desiderata in metaethics and, therefore, it is necessary for metaethics.
¿Qué papel desempeña la psicología moral y empírica para la metaética? En este artículo analizamos el argumento evolutivo de Michael Ruse contra el realismo moral y lo contrastamos con las últimas investigaciones empíricas. El argumento de Ruse depende de la asunción fenomenológica de que la gente generalmente considera la moralidad como objetiva. Demostramos cómo las recientes investigaciones experimentales desafían esta asunción ampliamente compartida y no contrastada experimentalmente, por lo que concluimos que el argumento de Ruse falla. Nuestras conclusiones se sitúan en el reciente debate sobre la explicación de Carnap y muestran el papel necesario que la psicología moral y empírica tienen en la preparación de explicaciones. La psicología moral establece los límites de los desiderata metaéticos razonables, y, por tanto, es necesaria para la metaética.
Giving names to individual buildings (known as oikodomonyms) is a common onomastic feature of many European cities. However, this largely applies to unique buildings, historical and architectural ...monuments, or luxury housing rather than regular buildings. There is also a recent trend of commercial naming that comes from developers as part of their marketing strategy. This article dwells on the names of residential apartment buildings in Ruse, the largest Bulgarian city on the Danube River, which are mostly qualified as standard housing type. This naming case is interesting by its scale: more than two-thirds of the apartment buildings in the city have their own official names recorded in administrative documents. Residents refer to them for more exact orientations, for example, when calling emergency services, and the media use them to specify the location of events taking place. Thus, the names of apartment buildings in Ruse are well-familiar to the townspeople and are actively used by the urban community. The paper examines the entirety of these names in terms of their motivation, particularly, the commemorative, “geographical,” and conditionally symbolic appellations. The first group perpetuates the names of renowned figures of local, national, or global significance. The second consists of names referring to geographical (and often symbolic) locations, key to the Bulgarian culture. The names of the third group are motivated by designations of realities, concepts, and images having deep cultural relevance — evoking positive emotions and conveying the spirit of the 1970s.
I focus on the ethical non-naturalism of Russ Shafer-Landau. First, I spend a good bit of time specifying the nature of two versions of naturalism and arguing that one is embraced ubiquitously—more ...importantly, should be embraced—by contemporary naturalists. I do so because if I am right about this, before we investigate the details of Shafer-Landau’s ethical non-naturalism, there will be a significant burden of proof for him to meet. In my view, that burden is strong enough to justify the claim that a critic’s epistemic task is merely to provide undercutting defeaters for Shafer-Landau’s position, and not to proffer rebutting defeaters, though I will attempt to supply both. After presenting a crucial characterization of contemporary naturalism followed by a critique of naturalist emergent properties, I state and critique Shafer-Landau’s ontology followed by the same for his epistemology. Both will be evaluated with a particular focus on their plausibility to support his ethical non-naturalism.
In the wake of recent attempts at alternate history (Bowler
2013
), this paper suggests several avenues for a pluralistic approach to Charles Darwin and his role in the history of evolutionary ...theory. We examine in what sense Darwin could be described as a major driver of theoretical change in the history of biology. First, this paper examines how Darwin influenced the future of biological science: not merely by stating the fact of evolution or by bringing evidence for it; but by discovering natural selection, and giving it pre-eminence over any other mechanism for evolution; and also by proposing a masterful and quite unique synthesis of many scientific fields. Contrasting Darwin’s views with those of A.R. Wallace, I conclude that “natural selection” is clearly an original contribution, that it had no forerunners or co-discoverers, and could barely have appeared after Darwin conceived of it. This specificity of Darwin’s contribution is an invitation to be strongly presentist (Loison
2016
) and to adopt only
weak
counter-factuals. In contrast, there are possible ways to use
strong
counter-factuals as attempts to “pluralize” the history of biological theory: i.e. imagine new possible avenues for the development of evolutionary biology. The idea that evolution was a theory “in the air” suggests that evolutionary theory could have developed in a world without Darwin, especially if we accept to delete not only “Darwin” but “England”. France and Germany are examined as possible countries where evolutionary ideas would have thrived even with no contribution from the English scientists. Finally, the paper suggests another counter-factual hypothesis: deleting not Darwin and his
Origin
but the Darwin Industry itself. This may allow us to read the
Origin of Species
with fresh eyes and to discover Darwin’s life-long interest in variation and its laws, as many of his early readers did.
Has Russia turned from “Paul to Saul” with regards to international humanitarian law (IHL)? This book aims to answer this question by contrasting the past and the present. Firstly, it offers a ...comprehensive account of the remarkable Russian contributions to IHL since 1850. Secondly, it analyses Russia’s current approach to IHL, drawing on a wide range of legislation, case law, diplomatic records, and military practice. Finally, the author contrasts the past and the present – not without embedding his findings in the changed context of our time. The book is aimed at international law experts as well as people interested in legal history. Its author is an IHL researcher and practitioner with extensive experience in the post-soviet world.
•Electronic properties of adsorption of RuSex (x=1–5) cluster on Se-doped graphene are investigated.•It is found that RuSe, RuSe4, RuSe5 adsorbate make substrate metallic.•RuSe2 makes it half ...metallic and RuSe3 makes semiconductor.
We have investigated the adsorption of RuSex (x=1–5) cluster on Se-doped graphene. The change of the adsorption energy with the number of Se atoms and magnetization values are investigated. Electronic properties of adsorption of RuSex (x=1–5) cluster on Se-doped graphene are investigated. The highest adsorption energy belongs to RuSe adsorbate. The biggest magnetization value belongs to RuSe2 adsorbate. This adsorbate makes the substrate half metallic. This property is important in electronic device applications. It is observed that substitutional Se atom changes the electronic properties of graphene. This substitution makes graphene metallic. While RuSe, RuSe4,RuSe5 adsorbate make substrate metallic, RuSe3 makes it semiconducting. Generally, it is found that there is a charge transfer from the substrate to clusters within the Löwdin analysis. This is in line with the charge difference results.
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