This paper explores the history of wind power technologies and the integration of wind energy in the Danish energy system. It does so focusing particularly on historical events, socio-cultural and ...socio-political changes and priorities that were important on this technological journey. From the first primitive wind turbines in the late 1800s, to the world wars, through the energy- crisis in the 70s, and into the decades of growing environmental awareness and concern, this historical account describes how policy priorities in Denmark gradually translated from the focus on energy diversification, energy efficiency and energy independence to the focus on sustainability and renewable energy resources, with wind energy and wind power technologies at the top of the priority list. Historically, wind power has been - and it still is - popular in Denmark. However, as the modern wind power turbines gradually grew to industrial scale heights, unchallenged support for specific local wind farms could no longer be taken for granted. This paper also touches upon the frequently tacit dilemmas of renewable energy technology planning and deployment, for example issues of environmental justice, wind farm ownership structures, and the role of social psychology for low-carbon energy transition processes. Notably, attention is drawn to the representation biases that may result in the emphasis of wind farm opposition / grievances in the wider wind farm related debates, where resistance to local wind farm projects might derive from minority opposition groups. Insights and lessons learnt from this Danish history of wind power may prove valuable and inspirational for other countries engaging in low-carbon energy transitions.
•A history of wind power in Denmark.•Danish energy policy was informed by notions of energy diversification, energy efficiency, and energy independence.•Top-down and bottom-up efforts informed the evolution of the wind energy sector.•The history of cooperatives and antinuclear sentiments supported wind power.•Lessons drawn from the Danish case may be valuable and inspirational elsewhere.
There is now substantial evidence that larger income differences in a society increase the prevalence of most of the health and social problems that tend to occur more frequently lower down the ...social ladder. The pathways through which human beings are sensitive to inequality are however less clear. This paper outlines the explanatory theory that we think best fits the growing but incomplete body of evidence available. Inequality appears to have its most fundamental effects on the quality of social relations—with implications affecting the prevalence of a number of psychopathologies. We suggest that human beings have two contrasting evolved social strategies: one that is adaptive to living in a dominance hierarchy and the other appropriate to more egalitarian societies based on reciprocity and cooperation. Although both strategies are used in all societies, we hypothesise that the balance between them changes with the extent of material inequality.
Nudge: Concept, Effectiveness, and Ethics Lin, Yiling; Osman, Magda; Ashcroft, Richard
Basic and applied social psychology,
11/2017, Volume:
39, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Nudges are psychologically informed tools designed to promote behavioral change in order to improve health and well-being. In this review, we focus on three areas of concern: theory, evidence base, ...ethics. We begin by discussing the problems arising from the theoretical framework that nudges are based on and propose an alternative framework that helps to classify nudges into two types (Type 1 and Type 2). We then evaluate the evidence for nudges in the health domain, drawing attention to critical empirical issues (internal and external reliability) that explain the limited evidence base for their effectiveness. The review ends with an examination of the implications of the theoretical and empirical issues we discussed with respect to current debates regarding the ethics of nudge.
Interdiszciplináris írásomban az úgynevezett disszonáns vagy vitatható örökségek tanulmányozhatóságának elméleti kereteit vizsgálom. Ahhoz, hogy az egymásnak ellentmondó tartalmú helyek, hagyományok, ...vagy tárgyak jelentéseit ki lehessen bontani, az identitáselméletek, az emlékezetelméletek és a helyelméletek, különösen az un. elképzelt helyek elmélete felől érdemes közelíteni az érzelmek pszichológiai vizsgálatának keretében a látogatók és a helyi közösségek tekintetében a multidimenzionális vs. eurocentrikus történettudományi megfontolásokat figyelembe véve.
Purpose – This study aims to analyze the ways in which psychological impacts can affect the quality of life and social functioning of incest victims, both in the short and long term, through the ...adoption of a normative empirical approach. Methods – The research methodology employed in this empirical-normative approach entails a systematic and comprehensive process aimed at delving into the multifaceted psychological repercussions experienced by incest victims. The empirical-normative approach, characterized by a meticulous examination of community cases juxtaposed with pertinent legal frameworks, elucidates the profound psychological ramifications endured by victims. Initiating this methodology involves meticulously selecting a diverse array of representative case studies from a community. This selection process may entail collaborative efforts with various stakeholders such as child protection agencies, mental health services, or non-governmental organizations specializing in aiding incest victims, thereby ensuring the identification of pertinent cases. The overarching goal is to gain profound insights into the intricacies of victims’ experiences and the profound psychological impacts they have undergone. Findings – Research findings indicate that individuals subjected to incest commonly endure protracted trauma, precipitating a spectrum of symptoms, encompassing withdrawal, overwhelming guilt, diminished self-worth, impaired socialization, and pervasive social detachment. Furthermore, victims may manifest additional symptoms including mood fluctuations, withdrawal tendencies, heightened stress, profound depression, and challenges in interpersonal communication. Socially, incest survivors frequently confront pervasive stigma and discrimination within the familial and societal spheres, undermining the fundamental constructs of familial bonds and child welfare. Research implications – The theoretical implications derived from these findings underscore the importance of comprehensive and well-coordinated interventions. Such interventions should encompass psychological support, educational initiatives, and robust child-protection measures. Additionally, preventive endeavors targeting heightened public awareness regarding incest and extending support to victims are pivotal in effectively addressing profound psychological repercussions. Originality/value – This research significantly enhances society's comprehension of the intricate nature and pressing urgency surrounding the issue of incest, underscoring the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach to effectively tackle the socio-psychological impact on children victimized by incest.
Emotion dysregulation often emerges early in development and is a core feature of many psychological conditions. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is a well validated and widely ...used self-report measure for assessing emotion regulation problems among adolescents and adults. The DERS has six subscales with five to eight items each (36 total), suggesting multiple questions may assess similar underlying constructs. In an effort to reduce respondent burden and streamline this widely-used instrument, we created a short-form version of the DERS (DERS-SF) using confirmatory factor analysis on data from three adolescent (
n
= 257) and two adult samples (
n
= 797). Scores on the DERS-SF yielded similar correlation patterns relative to the full measure, ranging from .90 to .98 and reflecting 81–96 % shared variance. This instrument maintains the excellent psychometric properties and retains the total and subscale scores of the original measure with half the items.
People have a basic need to maintain the integrity of the self, a global sense of personal adequacy. Events that threaten self-integrity arouse stress and self-protective defenses that can hamper ...performance and growth. However, an intervention known as self-affirmation can curb these negative outcomes. Self-affirmation interventions typically have people write about core personal values. The interventions bring about a more expansive view of the self and its resources, weakening the implications of a threat for personal integrity. Timely affirmations have been shown to improve education, health, and relationship outcomes, with benefits that sometimes persist for months and years. Like other interventions and experiences, self-affirmations can have lasting benefits when they touch off a cycle of adaptive potential, a positive feedback loop between the self-system and the social system that propagates adaptive outcomes over time. The present review highlights both connections with other disciplines and lessons for a social psychological understanding of intervention and change.
This meta-analytic review includes 135 studies, representing 17 countries, of child and adolescent (ages 4-17) samples of overt and relational peer victimization and examines the magnitude of overlap ...between forms of victimization and associations with five social-psychological adjustment indices. Results indicate a strong intercorrelation between forms of victimization (r̄ = .72). No gender difference with regard to relational victimization was found, but boys were slightly higher in overt victimization. Overt victimization is more strongly associated with overt aggression; relational victimization is more strongly related to internalizing problems, lower levels of received prosocial behavior from peers, and relational aggression. Both forms are related to externalizing problems. Age and method of assessment were explored as potential sources of variability in effect sizes.
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