Avtorici sta se v članku osredotočili na starostnike, ki so zaradi svojega zdravstvenega stanja ter fizičnih in družbenoekonomskih značilnosti bolj ranljivi z vidika posledic podnebnih sprememb kot ...druge skupine prebivalstva. V svetu sta opazna dva trenda: naraščanje podnebnih sprememb in staranje prebivalstva, zlasti v mestih. Povezave med navedenima skrb vzbujajočima trendoma v teoriji in praksi niso jasne, zato so nujne splošne smernice, ki so preproste za uporabo ter bi vladam, ustanovam in skupnostim omogočile zadevne rešitve. Avtorici sta zato na podlagi kritičnega pregleda literature predstavili sedem tematskih področij na različnih ravneh, ki so poglavitna za načrtovanje starosti prijaznih mestnih območij, odpornih proti podnebnim spremembam: okoljsko varnost, obveščanje in družbeno angažiranost ter zdravstvene in socialne službe na ravni mesta, okolico in prevoz na ravni sosesk ter javne površine in toplotno udobje in stanovanjske objekte na ravni skupin stanovanjskih zgradb. Predstavitev povezav med omenjenima trendoma v okviru, predstavljenem v tem članku, prispeva h globalnemu ozaveščanju, oblikovanju ukrepov in usmerjanju politik.
Stanovanje spada med osnovne človekove dobrine in pravice. Njegova vloga je mnogostranska, saj omogoča zadovoljevanje številnih človekovih potreb, poleg tega stanovanje ni omejeno le na ozek bivalni ...prostor, ampak vključuje tudi širše bivalno okolje, v katerem posameznik prebiva. Odnos posameznika do stanovanja in bivalnega okolja se skozi njegovo življenje spreminja. Zlasti v času starosti naj bi dobilo stanovanje še poseben pomen. Kot kažejo raziskave, želijo starejši zato čim dalj časa ostati v svojem bivalnem okolju, saj naj bi bili nanj navezani. Da bi ugotovili, ali spoznanja o navezanosti starejših na lastno bivalno okolje držijo tudi za Slovenijo, smo v članku analizirali, koliko so na svoje stanovanje in širše bivalno okolje navezani starejši v Sloveniji in kako so z bivanjem v njem zadovoljni. Mnenja starejših smo pridobili z anketiranjem, statistično analizo pa smo opravili s programom SPSS, in sicer na podlagi izračuna več statističnih testov povezanosti. Analiza je potrdila našo predpostavko, da so tudi slovenski starejši na svoj dom oziroma domače okolje zelo navezani in da so z bivanjem v njem zadovoljni. Pokazalo se je še, da so med starejšimi glede tega nekatere razlike, ki so odvisne od tega, koliko so ljudje stari, kje živijo in koliko časa že bivajo v svojem domu.
Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in an Fe-17Cr-4Ni-4Cu alloy aged at 475 °C after different aging times were studied. Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ...high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) studies revealed the formation of 9R-structure Cu-rich precipitates and Cr-rich α’ phase by spinodal decomposition in the samples aged at 475 °C after 100–1000 h. The fine Cu-rich precipitates and Cr-rich α’ phase by spinodal decomposition lead to a significant increase in the hardness, together in the early stages (100 h). Continued aging to 500 h leads to increased precipitation of the Cr-rich α’, which provides significant strengthening, reaching maximum hardening, despite the continued loss of hardening by weakening by the Ostwald ripening of the Cu-rich precipitates. Extending the aging time to 1000 h leads to substantial reversed austenite transformation and a large number of ripening -copper precipitates that causes softening. The results of the impact tests showed that the major fracture mode was cleavage and/or quasi-cleavage.
Demografski podatki in podatki o razpoložljivosti kapacitet domov starejših občanov (DSO) v Sloveniji nakazujejo potrebo po spremembi organiziranosti tega segmenta varstva. V prispevku smo se ...osredotočili na analizo in vrednotenje stanja urejenosti in dostopnosti zelenih površin ter storitev splošnega pomena v majhnih mestih z vidika potreb starejših prebivalcev, ki svojo starost preživljajo v DSO. Hkrati smo ocenili možnosti za dejansko uporabo zelenih površin te skupine prebivalstva. Ugotovili smo, da v Sloveniji potrebujemo temeljite sistemske spremembe na področju institucionalnega varstva starejših občanov, tudi na področju zagotavljanja, urejenosti in uporabe zelenih površin ob DSO.
Body balance control represents a key factor preventing falls and subsequent injuries in seniors aged 65+. Intervention based on yoga exercises seem to be effective in improving balance.
The ...objective is to analyse and compare changes in static, dynamic, and total balance scores, changes in body composition and social indices as effects of yoga-based intervention.
A total of 500 participants (234 men aged 74.5 SD±7.74 and 266 women aged 76.9 SD±7.23) were assessed using the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool, the InBody 230 bioimpedance body composition analyser, and the SF-36 Health Survey, applied to pre and post-testing. The experimental group (n=262; 122 males; 140 females) underwent a four-week yoga-based intervention, 30 minutes daily, while the control group (n=238; 112 males; 126 females) underwent its usual daily programme at senior homes or centres. The ANOVA model, consisting of the Group, Stage, Subject and Group × Stage interaction factors, was used for data evaluation.
Intervention led to improvements in the static, dynamic and total balance scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The results of SF-36 showed positive changes in the psychosocial aspects of health, such as promoting of calmness and happiness in male seniors and reducing fatigue, nervousness and depression in female seniors. The post-intervention decrease in body fat percentage and increase in muscle mass in seniors is discussed.
The four-week yoga-based intervention had positive effects on the static, dynamic and total balance scores, body composition and social status.
The populations of rural areas across Europe, especially Slovenia, are ageing rapidly and the areas themselves are becoming depopulated. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to our understanding ...of the population dynamics and provide a method for forecasting housing and other long-term care needs.
The surveys questioned those responsible for long-term care, the caretakers in institutional care, and current and potential homecare users in rural areas of Slovenia. We wanted to discover what they considered as crucial in the process of long-term care deinstitutionalization. Our 2020-2050 projections are based on the surveys conducted across 38 municipalities in the Eastern Slovenian region and an in-depth empirical study in Posavje. The results are embedded in the demographic projections and the multistate transition model of the declining functional capacities to forecast the needed housing facilities and human resources.
The results are the time series of required capacities. Around 60% of respondents in Slovenian rural areas believe that even a better organization of homecare would not allow them to stay at home until death due to inadequately built housing and the absence of a continuous presence of caregivers. These findings were included in the projections. Therefore, community care in the network of Smart Silver Villages was proposed.
Investments are needed to renovate the housing stock of older adults and construct sheltered, assisted living housing and specialized households in the community. Moreover, proper education and training of human resources would increase the output. In addition, financial solutions are advised to develop Smart Silver Villages.
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