•The number of acquisitions and their sampling impact the reconstructed time series.•18 uniformly sampled acquisitions are needed to describe the annual NDVI dynamic.•To describe intra-annual NDVI ...dynamics more than 20 annual acquisitions are needed.•Strongly non-uniform samplings lead to bad descriptions of the undersampled periods.
This article studies the influence of the number of satellite remote sensing acquisition dates and their sampling on the performance of a time series reconstruction method developed in Granero-Belinchon et al. 2020. This method initially aimed at monitoring urban London plane (Platanus x acerifolia) trees, and was tested with Sentinel-2 imagery at spatial resolutions of 10 and 20 m and a temporal revisit of 5 days. Due to its higher revisit frequency of 2 days while having a similar spatial resolution of 10 m, Venμs imagery was consequently used in the present article to fulfill with the purpose of this study. The strategy relies on the building of different acquisition date configurations based on the Venμs time series by considering uniform and non-uniform samplings and with a total number of acquisitions ranging from 45 to 14. Thus, the aim of the article is to examine the number of annual acquisitions needed to describe properly a vegetation phenological cycle and the impact of the annual sampling of these acquisitions on the final reconstructed time series. To this end, this study was carried out by using the widely used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Results showed that on one hand, applied on an acquisition configuration composed of at least 18 uniformly sampled dates throughout the year, this reconstruction methodology is able to describe correctly the annual NDVI dynamics but leads to inaccuracies in the description of intra-annual ones. Nevertheless, these intra-annual descriptions are improved with the increase of the number of acquisitions. On the other hand, strongly non-uniform acquisition date samplings lead to inaccurate descriptions of the undersampled time periods but correct descriptions of the rest of the time series curve. The study case is London planes located in Toulouse (France) with 45 cloud-free Venμs images during the year 2019. Finally, this work emphasizes the main limitations of the studied reconstruction methodology when few acquisitions or very non-uniform acquisition date samplings are available and thus the identification of borderline cases in future applications and other study cases.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy distinguished by the accumulation of clonal, proliferative, poorly differentiated cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Cancer cells ...harbour druggable alterations at the genetic level, but genetic diagnostics fail to predict effective treatments for a majority of AML patients. Therefore, it is important to predict treatment response through identification of predictive molecular markers. The low-dose venetoclax (LD-VenEx) trial, a multi-center phase II study, for the first time, will explore the predictive power of ex vivo drug response profiling by evaluating the feasibility of this approach with respect to therapeutic efficacy of LD-VenEx treatment in combination with azacitidine (AZA) in AML patients. The trial initiative includes elderly/unfit and relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML patients. It is known that VEN, an inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, together with a hypomethylating agent, AZA, can induce high remission rates and potentially increase the survival rate of elderly AML patients. However, current genetic diagnostics cannot predict patient outcomes effectively. In order to solve this problem, we will investigate the combination of ex vivo drug response profiling and molecular profiling from patient samples. The project aims to identify the ex vivo drug response profiling of AML between 3 Nordic testing sites by flow cytometry. This investigation seeks to uncover if AZA, in combination with low dose VEN, can improve the quality of life for R/R and elderly/unfit AML patients, and to determine the optimal VEN dosage. Our work primarily focuses on the pilot testing of how cell lines (MOLM-13, HEL and KG-1) respond to specific drugs by validating drug response profiling consistency through flow cytometry at all 3 centres. The responses of immature AML cells will be monitored using a panel of well-established cell surface markers. We will perform drug response profiling of AML patient samples from the trial in response to individual drugs and their combinations. The trial is expected to result in the identification of predictive biomarkers for AML response to VEN mono- and combination treatments to identify novel treatments for future clinical trials for the R/R patients receiving VEN/AZA treatment.
Vehicular energy network (VEN), as an important part of the Internet of Things for the smart city, can facilitate the renewable energy (RE) transportation over a large geographical area by means of ...electric vehicles (EVs) through wireless power transfer technology. However, due to the potential security vulnerability in VEN, EV users can be attacked by external or internal adversaries. In addition, owing to the selfishness of EVs, it is a great challenge to optimally schedule the charging/discharging behaviors of EVs to realize regional energy balance in VEN. To tackle the above issues, this paper proposes a blockchain-based secure incentive scheme for energy delivery in VEN. First, a novel permissioned energy blockchain system is introduced in VEN to implement secure energy delivery services for EVs and energy nodes through the use of distributed ledgers and cryptocurrency. Second, a proof of reputation consensus protocol is proposed to efficiently reach consensus in energy blockchain, where the reputation derivation is constructed based on the local trust computing and credibility computing. Third, motivated by the pricing mechanism, an incentive model is developed to stimulate EVs to cooperatively deliver RE to various areas with different electricity loads while maximizing EVs' utilities. Finally, extensive numerical results are provided, which demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed scheme through the comparison with conventional schemes.
Remembering Andy Van de Ven Kilduff, Martin
The Academy of Management review,
07/2022, Volume:
47, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
An obituary for Academy of Management's 56th President, Andrew (Andy) H. Van de Ven who passed away on 30 April 2022 at the age of 76 is presented. Andy fulfilled many roles within the Academy of ...Management. Of note, as a founding editor and ambassador for Academy of Management Discoveries, he helped establish and provided critical support for the journal's early development. Known across academia for his contributions to scholarship and teaching, Andy also maintained an insatiable energy for sustaining the volunteer spirit and was a frequent contributor in guiding the association and developing its future leaders.
Vùng ven biển Sóc Trăng - Bạc Liêu dài 128 km có 4 cửa sông gồm Định An, Mỹ Thanh, Nhà Mát và Gành Hào. Thành phần loài cá vùng này đã được khảo sát từ tháng 3/2018 đến tháng 01/2022 bằng phương tiện ...lưới kéo, lưới đáy và lưới rê. Kết quả đã định danh được 122 loài, thuộc 45 họ của 17 bộ. Trong đó, cá thuộc Bộ Perciformes chiếm chủ yếu với 65 loài (53,3%), tiếp theo là bộ Clupeiformes có 15 loài (12,3%), bộ Pleuronectiformes có 11 loài (9,02%) và các bộ khác chỉ từ 1 đến 6 loài (0,82 - 4,92%). Phân bố thành phần loài dọc ven biển gần tương tự nhau. Có sự biến động về số loài theo tháng và theo năm, tháng có nhiều loài nhất là tháng 11 (Trần Đề và Mỹ Thanh) và tháng 7 (Nhà Mát). Một số loài cá hiếm hoặc không xuất hiện như cá đường (Otolithoides biauritus), cá thu bè (Scomberoides lysan), cá thiều (Netuma thalassina) và cá nhụ Ấn Độ (Leptomelanosoma indicum). Thành phần loài cá ven biển Sóc Trăng-Bạc Liêu khá phong phú và đa dạng.
Background
Venetoclax (VEN) in combination with a hypomethylating agent (HMA) has become the standard of care for patients aged >75 years and for those not eligible for intensive chemotherapy who ...have newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The benefit of VEN‐based therapy in patients who have newly diagnosed AML with mutations in the TP53 gene (TP53mut) over standard therapy is undefined.
Methods
In this single‐institutional, retrospective analysis, the authors assessed the clinical outcomes of 238 patients with newly diagnosed TP53mut AML and compared the clinical characteristics, response to different therapies, and outcomes of those who received VEN‐based (n = 58) and non–VEN‐based (n = 180) regimens.
Results
Patients who received VEN‐based regimens were older (aged >65 years: 81% vs 65%; P = .02) and had higher response rates (complete remission, 43% vs 32%; P = .06) than those who received non–VEN‐based regimens. Compared with patients who received non–VEN‐based regimens, no difference in overall survival (median, 6.6 vs 5.7 months; P = .4) or relapse‐free survival (median, 4.7 vs 3.5 months; P = .43) was observed in those who received VEN‐based regimens, regardless of age or intensity of treatment.
Conclusions
The addition of VEN to standard treatment regimens did not improve outcomes in younger or older patients who had TP53mut AML. These data highlight the need for novel therapies beyond VEN to improve the outcome of patients with TP53mut AML.
The benefit of venetoclax‐based therapy over standard approaches in patients with newly diagnosed, TP53‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) needs to be better defined. Although the addition of venetoclax to standard therapy is associated with numerically higher response rates, there is no improvement in overall or relapse‐free survival compared with standard therapy in patients with newly diagnosed, TP53‐mutated AML.
Endotracheal intubation is a procedure performed by multiple medical specialists in various clinical scenarios. Difficulties with direct laryngoscopy and placement of an endotracheal tube (ETT) have ...received significant atten- tion in the literature with the production of guidelines for dealing with scenarios during which bag-valve-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation are problematic or impossible. However, there has been less attention paid to problems arising following placement of the ETT. Kinking of an ETT can simulate other ventilatory issues including ventilator malfunction, mucus plugging, bron- chospasm, ETT obstruction, bronchial intubation, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax, aspiration, or pneu- monia. We present two pediatric patients who developed altered respiratory compliance intraoperatively that was eventually determined to be the result of a kinked ETT. Previous reports of such problems are reviewed, an algo- rithm for determining the etiology of altered intraopera- tive compliance presented, and techniques to prevent the problem are discussed.
Dryland forests worldwide are increasingly threatened by drought stress due to climate change. Understanding the relationships between forest structure and function is essential for managing dryland ...forests to adapt to these changes. We investigated the structure-function relationships in four dryland conifer forests distributed along a semiarid to subhumid climatic aridity gradient. Forest structure was represented by leaf area index (LAI) and function by gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), and the derived efficiencies of water use (WUE = GPP/ET) and leaf area (LAE = GPP/LAI). Estimates of GPP and ET were based on the observed relationships between high-resolution vegetation indices from VENμS and Sentinel-2A satellites and flux data from three eddy covariance towers in the study regions between November 2015 and October 2018. The red-edge-based MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) from VENμS and Sentinel-2A showed strong correlations to flux tower GPP and ET measurements for the three sites (R
> 0.91, R
> 0.84). Using our approach, we showed that as LAI decreased with decreasing aridity index (AI) (i.e., dryer conditions), estimated GPP and ET decreased (R
> 0.8 to LAI), while WUE (R
= 0.68 to LAI) and LAE increased. The observed global-scale patterns are associated with a variety of forest vegetation characteristics, at the local scale, such as tree species composition and density. However, our results point towards a canopy-level mechanism, where the ecosystem-LAI and resultant proportion of sun-exposed vs. shaded leaves are primary determinants of WUE and LAE along the studied climatic aridity gradient. This work demonstrates the importance of high-resolution (spatially and spectrally) remote sensing data conjugated with flux tower data for monitoring dryland forests and understanding the intricate structure-function interactions in their response to drying conditions.
This paper proposes a vehicular edge federated learning (VEFL) solution, where an edge server leverages highly mobile connected vehicles' (CVs') onboard central processing units (CPUs) and local ...datasets to train a global model. Convergence analysis reveals that the VEFL training loss depends on the successful receptions of the CVs' trained models over the intermittent vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) wireless links. Owing to high mobility, in the full device participation case (FDPC), the edge server aggregates client model parameters based on a weighted combination according to the CVs' dataset sizes and sojourn periods, while it selects a subset of CVs in the partial device participation case (PDPC). We then devise joint VEFL and radio access technology (RAT) parameters optimization problems under delay, energy and cost constraints to maximize the probability of successful reception of the locally trained models. Considering that the optimization problem is NP-hard, we decompose it into a VEFL parameter optimization sub-problem, given the estimated worst-case sojourn period, delay and energy expense, and an online RAT parameter optimization sub-problem. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions with a practical 5G new radio (5G-NR) RAT under a realistic microscopic mobility model.
Crop emergence date is a critical input to models of crop development and biomass accumulation. The ability to robustly detect and map emergence date using remote sensing would greatly benefit ...operational yield estimation and crop monitoring efforts; however, this has proven to be challenging. Previous remote-sensing phenology algorithms showed that crop stages can typically be detected starting only around the V3-V4 (3 to 4 established leaves) vegetative stage. Furthermore, traditional approaches have a strong assumption regarding the temporal evolution of plant growth and normally require a complete growth period of observations to define seasonal changes. Most approaches were not designed for within-season operational mapping, particularly in the early growing season. In the current paper, we describe a new within-season emergence (WISE) approach to mapping crop green-up date using satellite observations available during early growth stages. The approach was first optimized using high spatiotemporal resolution (10 m, 2-day revisit) imagery from the Vegetation and Environment monitoring New MicroSatellite (VENμS) research mission, and assessed using ground observations of early crop growth stages (emergence VE and one leaf V1 stages for corn, and emergence VE and unifoliolate VC stages for soybeans) collected over the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center (BARC) experimental fields in Beltsville, MD during the 2019 growing season. Results show that early crop growth stages can be reliably detected at sub-field scale about two weeks after crop emergence. The remote-sensing green-up dates were about 4–5 days after crop emergence on average. Coefficients of determination (R2) between green-up dates and the mid-point dates of the early growth stages were above 0.90. The mean absolute differences, standard deviations, and root mean square errors comparing to the early growth stage mid-point dates were within six days. The maximum differences were within ±10 days across all fields. The WISE approach was assessed using operational Sentinel-2 data (10 m, 5-day revisit) over BARC. The detected green-up dates from Sentinel-2 were consistent with those from VENμS. Some fields were not detected due to the lack of observations around the emergence dates. For independent evaluation, the WISE approach was applied over an agricultural watershed on the Maryland Eastern Shore using both VENμS and the Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data (30 m, 3–4-day revisit). The detected green-up dates were compared with emergence dates in crop progress reports from the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) at the state-level. The WISE-detected green-up dates at the regional scale are within VE stage ranges but slightly earlier than NASS crop progress reports at the state-level. The WISE approach uses remote-sensing observations during the early crop growth stages and has potential for operational application within the season using Sentinel-2 and HLS data.
•A robust approach detected crop emergence in sub-fields during early growing season.•VENμS time series revealed green-up events within two weeks after crop emergence.•Sentinel-2 produced similar results to VENμS when observations are frequent.•HLS could be used for mapping crop emergence operationally.
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