Abstract
Background
Lymphedema is a common complication of cancer treatment, resulting in swelling and subjective symptoms. Reliable and valid measurement of this side effect of medical treatment is ...important.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to provide best evidence regarding which measurement instruments are most appropriate in measuring lymphedema in its different stages.
Data Sources
The PubMed and Web of Science databases were used, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.
Study Selection
Clinical studies on measurement instruments assessing lymphedema were reviewed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) scoring instrument for quality assessment.
Data Extraction
Data on reliability, concurrent validity, convergent validity, sensitivity, specificity, applicability, and costs were extracted.
Data Synthesis
Pooled data showed good intrarater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (.89) for bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) in the lower extremities and high intrarater and interrater ICCs for water volumetry, tape measurement, and perometry (.98–.99) in the upper extremities. In the upper extremities, the standard error of measurement was 3.6% (σ=0.7%) for water volumetry, 5.6% (σ=2.1%) for perometry, and 6.6% (σ=2.6%) for tape measurement. Sensitivity of tape measurement in the upper extremities, using different cutoff points, varied from 0.73 to 0.90, and specificity values varied from 0.72 to 0.78.
Limitations
No uniform definition of lymphedema was available, and a gold standard as a reference test was lacking. Items concerning risk of bias were study design, patient selection, description of lymphedema, blinding of test outcomes, and number of included participants.
Conclusions
Measurement instruments with evidence for good reliability and validity were BIS, water volumetry, tape measurement, and perometry, where BIS can detect alterations in extracellular fluid in stage 1 lymphedema and the other measurement instruments can detect alterations in volume starting from stage 2. In research, water volumetry is indicated as a reference test for measuring lymphedema in the upper extremities.
Anthropometric measurements and physical condition of the ability to serve back sepaktakraw will be carried out on male sepaktakraw athletes in Central Java. Research objectives for analyzing ...Anthropometric factors and physical disorders that dominate the ability to serve the back in the game of sepaktakraw. This type of research is quantitative; the data obtained were analyzed using the confirmatory method using the SPSS 23 computerized statistical program. The sampling technique used purposive random sampling with a total of 15 athletes and data collection using test and measurement sheets. The results of this study indicate that the anthropometric factor of height has a dominant effect, and the physical condition of balance has a dominant impact on the back-serving skill of sepak takraw. The conclusion is that anthropometric factors have a dominant effect on the backs of sepaktakraw service skills. At the same time, physical condition factors also dominate the talents of the backs of sepaktakraw services. For Sepaktakraw, coaches in Central Java pay attention to the anthropometric components and physical conditions that influence increasing sports achievement.
Aim. The current study aimed to determine the pattern of birth weights, lengths and occipitofrontal circumference of babies born in tertiary center. Method. Length, occipitofrontal circumference and ...weight of babies were collected from medical records over last 5 years. These parameters were then plotted in growth chart to find out the nomogram of babies born in our center. Results. A total of 3169 babies (1482 males and 1687 females) were studied. The overall mean birth weight (± standard deviation (SD)) was 2994±419 g, the mean ±SD length 49.4±2.3 cm, the mean ±SD OFC 33.7±1.7 cm. Conclusion. According to NFHS 5, 17% had low birth weight in Tamil Nadu, which is comparatively higher than our study (7.6%). This suggest that with improved care to the antenatal mothers we can reduce the incidence of low-birth-weight babies.
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