The present study is in the aim to evaluate the antioxidative activity of Pistacia lentiscus leaf (PL) extract main components, the activity was examined using the free radical (DPPH•) assay. The ...HPLC analysis of Pistacia lentiscus leaf extract led to the separation of 27 compounds of which the gallic acid (GA), quercetin (QT), and catechin (CT) were identified as major ones. Concerning the (IC50) inhibition was 0.0068 (mg/ml), 0.0070 (mg/ml), 0.0148 (mg/ml) and 0,0015 (mg/ml) value for gallic acid, quercetin, and catechin, PL leaf extract respectively. Moreover, the interaction of Pistacia lentiscus leaf extract main components with the DPPH• free radicals has been clarified by the theoretical calculations articulated on the density functional theory (DFT), it has been shown that the simulated interaction energy had a negative value of −20.46 Kcal/mol, −18.95 Kcal/mol and −16.19 Kcal/mol respectively for (GA), (QT) and (CT), which approve the above experimental results.
In order to improve the water solubility and stability of curcumin (CUR) and achieve its sustained release, the ZEIN–N-(2-hydroxy) propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC) complexes were ...designed to encapsulate CUR using an antisolvent precipitation (ASP) method. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and loading capacity (LC) of curcumin in ZEIN-HTCC complexes were 92.2% and 0.6%, respectively. After encapsulation, the resistance of curcumin to thermal, natural light and UV irradiation, as well as the antioxidative activity were improved significantly (P < 0.05). ZEIN-HTCC-CUR complexes exhibited good redispersibility and enhanced the water solubility of curcumin. In vitro simulated digestion experiments clarified that the ZEIN-HTCC complexes can control the sustained release behavior of curcumin, and the release kinetics can be fitted by the Higuchi model. Results taken from fluorescence spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions were the main driving forces to form the ZEIN-HTCC-CUR complexes. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that the encapsulated curcumin was in an amorphous state. The information provided by this study should be of interest to food industry to fabricate robust nanoscale delivery systems with ZEIN-HTCC complexes for CUR and other hydrophobic bioactive compounds.
•ZEIN-HTCC complexes exhibited good encapsulation efficiency for curcumin.•The resistance of curcumin encapsulation to natural light and UV was improved.•ZEIN-HTCC-CUR complexes achieved the sustained release in in vitro digestion.•Possible encapsulation mechanism was proposed based on FTIR and XRD results.
•Antioxidative activity of plant based food improved by fermentation.•Release of antioxidant compounds increased by fermentation.•Liberation or synthesis of antioxidant compounds increased by ...fermentation.
This study provides an overview of the factors that influence the effect of fermentation on the antioxidant activity and the mechanisms that augment antioxidative activities in fermented plant-based foods. The ability of fermentation to improve antioxidant activity is primarily due to an increase in the amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids during fermentation, which is the result of a microbial hydrolysis reaction. Moreover, fermentation induces the structural breakdown of plant cell walls, leading to the liberation or synthesis of various antioxidant compounds. These antioxidant compounds can act as free radical terminators, metal chelators, singlet oxygen quenchers, or hydrogen donors to radicals. The production of protease, α-amylase and some other enzymes can be influenced by fermentation that may have metal ion chelation activity. Because the mechanisms that affect antioxidant activity during fermentation are extremely varied, further investigation is needed to establish the precise mechanisms for these processes.
Swim bladder is a kind of material with rich nutritional value, wide access and a good source of collagen. In order to make it more fully utilized and absorbed by human body, using grass carp swim ...bladder as raw material and alkaline protease-neutral protease to prepare collagen peptide, the degree of hydrolysis can reach 36.91%. The results proved that after purification by ultrafiltration membrane and gel column chromatography, the antioxidant activity of GCP generally increased with the increase of concentration, and the smaller the molecular weight of GCP obtained after separation and purification, the stronger the overall antioxidant activity. Among them, the ABTS+ scavenging rate of GCP with a certain molecular weight was 88.64%. Moreover, GCP also has good SOD scavenging ability and ferrous ion chelating ability. The total antioxidant activity of GCP-II purified by G15 gel column is great, for it exerts considerable antioxidant capacity at a lower concentration.
•β-Lactoglobulin/gum arabic complexes were fabricated to encapsulate EGCG.•β-Lactoglobulin/gum arabic complexes exhibited good encapsulation efficiency for EGCG.•Antioxidant performance of EGCG in ...vitro was improved after encapsulation.•β-Lactoglobulin-gum arabic-EGCG complex nanoparticles had sustained release in a simulated gastrointestinal tract.
In this work, the β-lactoglobulin/gum arabic (β-Lg-GA) complexes were prepared to encapsulate epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), forming β-Lg-GA-EGCG complex nanoparticles with an average particle size of 133 nm. The β-Lg-GA complexes exhibited excellent encapsulation efficiency (84.5%), and the antioxidant performance of EGCG in vitro was improved after encapsulation. It was recorded that 86% of EGCG could be released in simulated intestinal fluid after 3 h of digestion, much faster than that in simulated gastric fluid, indicating that the β-Lg-GA complexes were effective in enhancing EGCG stability, which was confirmed using SDS-PAGE and SEM. Further spectrum results demonstrated that various intramolecular interactions including electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions contribute to the formation of β-Lg-GA-EGCG complex nanoparticles. Also, XRDexperiments indicated that EGCG was successfully encapsulated by β-Lg-GA complexes. Therefore, the β-Lg-GA complexes hold great potentials in the protective delivery of sensitive bioactives.
•The surface hydrophobicity of pea proteins was significantly increased through fibrillation.•Pea protein nanofibrils-based nanocarriers improved the solubility of resveratrol by 1000-fold.•The ...chemical stability of resveratrol was improved after complexation with pea protein nanofibrils.•The antioxidant capacity of resveratrol was improved after complexation with pea protein nanofibrils.•Pea protein nanofibrils-based nanocarriers improved the antiproliferative activity of resveratrol.
Fabricated pea protein isolate (PPI) nanofibrils were used as nanocarriers to encapsulate, stabilize and deliver resveratrol (RES). PPI nanofibrils possessed a dramatically higher surface hydrophobicity than PPI (native), and PPI nanofibrils exhibited nanoscale widths of 10 nm and average lengths of 1.0 μm. Fluorescence analyses demonstrated PPI nanofibrils had high binding constant with RES. Compared with RES (free), the aqueous solubility of RES was improved by approximately 1000-fold with PPI nanofibrils complex. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity assays showed that the antioxidant capacity of RES was pronouncedly enhanced through the nanocomplexation with PPI nanofibrils. RES-PPI nanofibrils complexes exhibited higher antiproliferative activities than RES (free), with the cell viabilities of 52.6% and 38.5% for RES (free) and RES-PPI nanofibrils complex at 20 μg/mL. This study demonstrates that PPI nanofibrils can be utilized as novel nanocarriers for improvements of the water solubility, chemical stability and in vitro biological activities of hydrophobic nutraceuticals.
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) are a group of common residual pollutants in food that cause serious harm to human health. In the present study, the ability of 10 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to ...degrade OPPs (dimethoate, parathion methyl, trichlorfon and chlorpyrifos) was explored for their potential application to degrade OPPs in fermented food. The results showed that some LAB can survive in the presence of OPPs and degrade them significantly in a short time. Among these, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum CICC20261 (L. plantarum 20261) showed the highest degradation ability. The degradation behavior of OPPs by L. plantarum 20261 followed pseudo-zero-order kinetic model (k = 1.0939–1.5915). Phosphatase produced by the strain played the key role in the degradation of OPPs because its activity was positively related to the degradation of OPPs (r = 0.975–0.995). Phosphatase could degrade OPPs rapidly in vitro, further confirmed that L. plantarum 20261 degraded rather than adsorped the OPPs. In addition, the excellent antioxidant ability of LAB and the tolerance of simulated gastric and intestinal juices showed their potential protective effects against oxidative damage induced by pesticides in vivo.
•Lactic acid bacteria were screened for degrading organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs).•The phosphatase activity was positively related to the degradation rate of OPPs.•The crude phosphatase could rapidly degrade OPPs in vitro.•First study on reducing oxidative stress caused by pesticides by lactic acid bacteria.
Pontederia cordata can tolerate heavy metal toxicity and possesses great potential for phytoremediation of heavy-metal-contaminated wetlands, yet how it copes with heavy metal stress has still not ...been determined. Hydroponic experiments were used to assess the effects of various levels of Cd2+ on the photosynthesis and activity of redox-regulatory systems in the plant leaves, and we also sought to elucidate the tolerance mechanism of the plant to Cd2+ by investigating Cd2+ enrichment characteristics and chemical forms. The plant can manage a low cadmium concentration (≤0.04 mM) with relatively stable biomass and photosynthetic performance. Cd2+ at the highest concentration (0.44 mM) decreased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities by 37.17% and 93.29%, respectively. Similar trends were demonstrated in the contents of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, lutein, glutathione, and non-protein thiol, as well as phytochelation in the leaves, exacerbating membrane peroxidation despite the significantly increased catalase activity observed. Moreover, the highest Cd2+ concentration disturbed the biosynthesis of chlorophyll precursors in the leaves, reduced chlorophyll a and b, as well as total chlorophyll contents by 60.47%, 67.47%, and 68.12%, respectively, which inhibited photosynthesis, leading to a decline in biomass. Compared with maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) and the potential activity (Fv/Fo) of photosystem II, the performance index for energy conservation from photons absorbed by PSII to the reduction of intersystem electron acceptors (PIabs), and of PSI end acceptors (PItotal), can indicate Cd2+ toxicity to the photosynthetic apparatus in the leaves. 49.95%–76.90% of the Cd2+ was sequestered in the plant roots, restraining translocation from roots to shoots, which is considered a tolerance mechanism, probably resulting from disturbed transpiration in leaves and increased Cd2+ content with low activity. Pontederia cordata is a candidate plant for phytoremediation of heavy-metal -contaminated wetlands.
•Cadmium disrupted chlorophyll precursor biosynthesis declining chlorophyll content.•Roots constituted a crucial tolerance mechanism for Pontederia cordata to cadmium.•Repressed transpiration probably inhibited cadmium translocation from root to shoot.•Pontederia cordata could be a candidate for metal-contaminated wetland remediation.
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