This study was done to investigate the effect of roasting time (7, 14, and 21min) at 160 ᵒC on proximate composition, colour attributes, bioactive compounds, and fatty acids composition of hemp ...(Cannabis sativa L.) seeds. Roasting of the seeds for different periods significantly (P < 0.05) increased the protein, oil, total phenolic, total flavonoid, and DPPH scavenging. The lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) of the samples were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with roasting time but redness (a*) was increased. Moreover, phenolic acids, flavones, polyphenols, and glycosylated flavonoids were increased significantly with the roasting time. Roasting of the seed slightly affected fatty acid contents. The contents of P, Mg, B of hemp seeds was significantly decreased while those of Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with roasting time. The results showed that roasting for 14 min enhanced hemp seeds nutritional and oxidative properties by improving oil, protein, potassium, magnesium, total phenolic, and flavonoid contents. Therefore, roasting for 14 min could be considered as the most suitable duration to process hemp seeds based on the parameters measured.
•Hemp is a versatile plant that can be grown for its fiber or oil.•Roasting of hemp seeds at 160 °C for different periods improved the protein and oil.•Roasting of hemp seeds increased the total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity.•Hemp seeds roasting had no adverse effect on colour parameters.•Hemp seeds roasting improved the level of phenolic compounds and some minerals.
The exploration of methods to produce biodegradable and bioactive nanofibril films is of great scientific and technological interests. We reported a strategy to constructing of nanofibril films by ...using konjac glucomannan (KGM) and zein via electrospinning technology. The characterization of the nanofibril films was conducted via Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and water contact angle measurements. The interactions of hydrogen bonds between KGM and zein were confirmed, and the addition of zein caused an increase of thermal properties and hydrophobicity. The morphology and size of nanofibers significantly depended on zein contents. We further loaded curcumin (Cur), a natural polyphenolic compound, within the KGM/Zein/Cur nanofibril films to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidating properties for the novel nanofibril films. In comparison with a pure KGM and zein film, KGM/Zein/Cur nanofibril films indicated an excellent antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens. Our work suggested that the KGM/Zein/Cur nanofibril films had a potential application in food packaging, which opens a facile pathway to the modification of KGM-based biopolymer to form nanofilms.
•Edible biopolymer was applied to produce nontoxic nanofilms for food packaging.•The construction of water resistant nanofilms is based on the electrospinning technology.•The properties were investigated by FT-IR, XRD, Raman, TGA, XPS, SEM and TCA.•Curcumin was introduced to develop antibacterial and antioxidation properties.
Large-pore hydrogels are better suited to meet the management needs of nutrient transportation and gas exchange between infected burn wounds and normal tissues. However, better construction ...strategies are required to balance the pore size and mechanical strength of hydrogels to construct a faster substance/gas interaction medium between tissues. Herein, we developed spongy large pore size hydrogel (CS-TA@Lys) with good mechanical properties using a simple ice crystal-assisted method based on chitosan (CS), incorporating tannic acid (TA) and ε-polylysine (Lys). A large-pore and mechanically robust hydrogel medium was constructed based on hydrogen bonding between CS molecules. On this basis, a pro-restorative functional platform with antioxidation and pro-vascularization was constructed using TA and Lys. In vitro experiments displayed that the CS-TA@Lys hydrogel possessed favorable mechanical properties and fast interaction performances. In addition, the CS-TA@Lys hydrogel possessed the capacity to remove intra/extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and possessed antimicrobial and pro-angiogenic properties. In vivo experiments displayed that the CS-TA@Lys hydrogel inhibited wound inflammation and promoted wound vascularization. In addition, the CS-TA@Lys hydrogel showed the potential for rapid hemostasis. This study provides a potential functional wound dressing with rapid interaction properties for skin wound repair.
Display omitted
Display omitted
•1. Rice bran rancidity increased the content of phenolics in rice bran dietary fiber.•2. Rancidity enhanced dietary fiber antioxidant properties during intestinal digestion.•3. ...Digestion released endogenous phenolics from rice bran dietary fiber.•4. During digestion, phenolics content determined dietary fiber antioxidant ability.
Rice bran (RB) as the raw material for rice bran dietary fiber (RBDF) extraction, is rapidly rancidified prior to stabilization. To enhance the RBDF utilization in food industry, effects of RB rancidity (RB was stored for 0, 1, 5, 7, and 10 d) on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of RBDF-bound phenolics were investigated. With the increase in RB storage time, the RB rancidity degree significantly increased (the acid value of rice bran oil from 5.08 mg KOH/g to 60.59 mg KOH/g), and the endogenous phenolics content in RBDF also increased. Simultaneously, RB rancidity reduced the antioxidant activity of RBDF digestion products during the gastric digestion phase, while RB rancidity increased the antioxidant activity of RBDF digestion products during the intestinal digestion phase. In addition, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion stimulated the release of RBDF-bound phenolics. The released monomeric phenolics (especially ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) were the major contributors to the increased antioxidant properties of RBDF digestion products. RBDF digestion products could inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of HUVECs. In conclusion, the study found that RB rancidity could improve the antioxidant capacity of RBDF in the small intestine by promoting RB endogenous phenolics bound to RBDF release.
Active food packaging has gained increasing attention due to their potential in extending food shelf life. To improve their performance, nanomaterials have been popularly employed in view of their ...high aspect ratio and numerous active sites. Here, we mainly focus on nanomaterials-enabled active food packaging and their application to delay food deterioration and extend food shelf life. Different dimensions of nanomaterials, as well as their green synthesis approaches, are reviewed. It is found that plant extracts, agricultural by-products, microbes, and microwave-assisted approaches are commonly used in their green synthesis. Then, recent progress of nanomaterials-enabled active food packaging to delay food deterioration and extend food shelf life is summarized. Furthermore, the concerns and future prospects of nanomaterials-enabled active food packaging are discussed.
Display omitted
•The absorption of iodine and selenium by potato plants is described.•Application of KIO3+salicylic acid increased accumulation of iodine in plants.•Salicylic acid did not affect the ...content of Se in the tubers.•KIO3, Na2SeO3 and salicylic acid had no negative effect on yield of tubers.•The obtained level of enrichment of tubers in I and Se was safe for the consumer.
In contrast to other species of the family Solanaceae, the hydroponic cultivation of potato is not widely used in agricultural (horticultural) practice. This kind of cultivation can be of significance as a model to study the accelerated breeding of new varieties or the biofortification process. The influence of SA on I and Se enrichment of potato plants has not, however, been recognised. Two-year studies were conducted in a greenhouse with hydroponic cultivation of the potato variety 'Vineta' c.v. in an nutrient film technique (NFT) system. They included the application of I (as KIO3), Se (as Na2SeO3) and SA in the nutrient solution. The tested combinations were as follows: (1) control, (2) I + Se, (3) I + Se + 0.1 mg SA∙dm−3, (4) I + Se + 1.0 mg SA∙dm−3, and (5) I + Se + 10.0 mg SA∙dm−3. I as KIO3 was used at a dose of 5 mg I·dm−3 (i.e. 39.4 μM I), while Se as Na2SeO3 was at a dose of 0.5 mg Se·dm−3 (i.e. 6.3 μM Se). SA was introduced at three doses: 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg dm−3 nutrient solutions, equivalent to 0.724 μM, 7.24 μM and 72.4 μM SA, respectively. Enriching the nutrient solutions in I, Se, and SA had no significant effect on yield of tubers. The dose of 1.0 mg SA∙dm−3 in combination with I + Se allowed the highest degree of accumulation of I in the peel of tubers, tubers, petioles, and leaves. The combined application of I + Se together with SA (in each of the doses of this acid used) caused a significant increase in the content of Se in the roots, and a decrease of its accumulation in the leaves and petioles. SA had no significant effect on the content of Se in the tubers of potatoes. The obtained level of enrichment of tubers in I and Se was safe for the consumer. The application of I + Se and also SA affected the increases in the contents of N, and Na in tubers and roots, as well as the contents of K in tubers, roots, and leaves. The applied compounds caused decreases in the contents of Mn and Zn in roots.
•The effects of active compounds of edible mushrooms in the poultry organism was reviewed.•These active substances can beneficially affect immune response.•The above-mentioned effects are not always ...reflected in increased performance indices.
Recently, there has been a noticeable growth in interest in the potential of edible mushrooms and their application in prevention and therapy. The numerous health-promoting properties of edible mushrooms include: antioxidant, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and hypocholesterolemic properties. Considering such a broad spectrum of action, and based on the recent literature data, the use of mushrooms is justified in the feeding of farm animals, including poultry. The aim of this review paper is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the use of edible mushrooms as a feed additive with dietary and health-promoting activities in the nutrition of broiler chickens and laying hens. Based on the results of studies presented in this article, it can be concluded that many mushroom species e.g. Lentinula edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus blazei, Hericium caput-medusae, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Fomitella fraxinea, Flammulina velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps inensis and Cordyceps militaris can be the source of active substances that might positively affect poultry performance and health status.
Background and objectives. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem resulting in profound morbidity and mortality. Recent research studies have suggested that bilirubin may play ...a role in preventing coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between increased levels of bilirubin in the blood and risk for developing coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and methods. For the course of this study, an observational method was used where 30 participants were enrolled from our department’s general medicine unit. We collected demographic data and patient’s medical history. Moreover, we carried out complete blood count to measure serum levels of bilirubin such as total, direct and indirect, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP). Several statistical analyses were done to find out whether there is any relation between blood bilirubin levels and CAD related risk factors. Results. The current findings showed average serum concentration for bilirubin at 1.5 ± 0.5 mg/dL. In this regard, hypertension was prevalent among 40% of respondents while diabetes took up 20%. This present study indicates that there is strong negative relationship between cardiovascular risks indicator blood-bilirubins. Conclusion. Consequently, this study produces great proof that shows strong support for a negative relationship between the levels of bilirubin in the blood and the likelihood of getting affected by coronary arteries. This might be due to different roles played by bilirubin such as being an antioxidant and having anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest that there is a need for more investigations into bilirubin as its importance as a potential biomarker for assessing and mitigating cardiovascular risk has been highlighted.
The development of cellulose-based textiles that are functionalised with silver nanoparticles (AgNP), synthesised according to a green approach, and offer protection against ultraviolet (UV) ...radiation and pathogenic bacteria is very important today. In the present work we demonstrate the environmentally friendly approach to obtain such textile material by AgNP synthesis directly (in-situ) on cotton fabrics, using water extracts of plant food waste (green tea leaves, avocado seed and pomegranate peel) and alien invasive plants (Japanese knotweed rhizome, goldenrod flowers and staghorn sumac fruit) as reducing agents. The extracts were analysed for their total content of phenols and flavonoids and their antioxidant activity. The synthesised AgNP on cotton were round, of different size and amount depending on the reducing agent used. The highest amount of AgNP was found for samples where Japanese knotweed rhizome extract was used as reducing agent and the lowest where extracts of goldenrod flowers and green tea leaves were used. Regardless of the reducing agent used to form AgNP, all cotton samples showed excellent protection against
E. coli
and
S. aureus
bacteria and against UV radiation with UV protection factor values above 50. The best results for UV protection even after the twelve repetitive washing cycles were found for the sample functionalized with AgNP synthesised with an extract of the Japanese knotweed rhizome. Due to the presence of AgNP on cotton, the air permeability and thermal conductivity decreased. AgNP had no effect on the change in breaking strength or elongation of fabrics.
Graphic abstract
PDF
