Pedestrians are the least protected traffic group when compared to other participants. When compared to moto riders (independent of engine power) they have head protection provided by helmet or ...vehicle metal shield along with airbag that is providing highest level of body protection for personal vehicles drivers. This vulnerable group is characterized by the high presence of very young participants whose psychological characteristics place them in a vulnerable risky subgroup. According to the police original data on crashes involving pedestrians in the town of Vienna, since 2010 there was highest number of crashes in 2012 and after slow decrease is recorded but still high in total number of crashes involving only pedestrians is an extremely worrying problem.
This research is essential to address leading characterizations in crashes with the aim to answer what is current trend in crash occurrence during 2010–2020 inside Vienna municipality, and what is predicted trend. Is there significant and distinctive difference based on gender and age with specific conditions under which crashes are occurring influencing different injury degree. Multiple regression undoubtedly points fields for action in statistically based findings providing the most important answer to this research: why crashes do occur so frequently and what is leading cause of injured pedestrians. Stepwise procedure in discriminant analysis at statistically significant level shows what differentiates injured and not injured pedestrians.
Highlights
Highest increase in percentage of variance explained is causing children involvement, person behaviour, police assumption on main cause of crash and lane
Road conditions, crash type, gender, age, child involvement and “hit and run” crash are statistically significantly predicting pedestrians’ injuries
Crashes that predominately result in more severe injuries involve foreign older pedestrians and child with mark “on the way to school” when driver left crash spot
Although Big Data Analytic Capability (BDAC) has advanced in some organisations, the impact on collaboration and business innovation is unnoticed in the literature. Therefore, this study examines the ...influence of BDAC on Collaboration Business Culture (CBC) and business innovation. The study further investigates how the relationships between CBC and business innovation and BDAC and CBC are mediated and moderated, respectively. Data was collected from 577 managers in selected organisations using a survey questionnaire. The research hypotheses were examined using a PLS-SEM. The study reveals that BDAC positively impacts CBC and business innovation, while CBC influences business innovation. The result also indicates that BDAC partially mediates the CBC and innovation relationship. The findings also revealed that BDAC moderates the CBC and business innovation relationship. Detailed knowledge contributions and managerial implications are discussed.
The new concept of forecasting market movements is introduced to fill the gap in stock price forecasting that uses a fixed time window. The candlestick data are grouped into waves before being input ...into the Transformer model to capture many different chart patterns and provide longer price movement patterns for better feature extraction. This work is divided into two main parts. The first part is wave extraction, for which we propose a new algorithm for grouping candlestick data into waves. The second part deals with Transformer modeling. The result of this work has shown that the Transformer model trained using wave series can help traders reduce their losses and choose a suitable trading strategy based on the prediction results. The model trading result of the test set has earned about 19.8% (using fixed 1 contract size per order) which is better than using MACD signal which can give earning of 12.5%.
Handbook of Monte Carlo Methods Kroese, Dirk P; Taimre, Thomas; Botev, Zdravko I
2011, 2011., 2011-03-29, 2013-06-06, Volume:
706
eBook
Open access
A comprehensive overview of Monte Carlo simulation that explores the latest topics, techniques, and real-world applicationsMore and more of today’s numerical problems found in engineering and finance ...are solved through Monte Carlo methods. The heightened popularity of these methods and their continuing development makes it important for researchers to have a comprehensive understanding of the Monte Carlo approach. Handbook of Monte Carlo Methodsprovides the theory, algorithms, and applications that helps provide a thorough understanding of the emerging dynamics of this rapidly-growing field.The authors begin with a discussion of fundamentals such as how to generate random numbers on a computer. Subsequent chapters discuss key Monte Carlo topics and methods, including:Random variable and stochastic process generation Markov chain Monte Carlo, featuring key algorithms such as the Metropolis-Hastings method, the Gibbs sampler, and hit-and-run Discrete-event simulation Techniques for the statistical analysis of simulation data including the delta method, steady-state estimation, and kernel density estimation Variance reduction, including importance sampling, latin hypercube sampling, and conditional Monte Carlo Estimation of derivatives and sensitivity analysis Advanced topics including cross-entropy, rare events, kernel density estimation, quasi Monte Carlo, particle systems, and randomized optimization The presented theoretical concepts are illustrated with worked examples that use MATLAB®, a related Web site houses the MATLAB®code, allowing readers to work hands-on with the material and also features the author's own lecture notes on Monte Carlo methods. Detailed appendices provide background material on probability theory, stochastic processes, and mathematical statistics as well as the key optimization concepts and techniques that are relevant to Monte Carlo simulation.Handbook of Monte Carlo Methodsis an excellent reference for applied statisticians and practitioners working in the fields of engineering and finance who use or would like to learn how to use Monte Carlo in their research. It is also a suitable supplement for courses on Monte Carlo methods and computational statistics at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels.
Transnational entrepreneurs with technological know-how have been promoted by the Chinese state and academic literature as a central force for regional development of industrial competitiveness. But ...what motivates them, and what do they experience and aspire to when building a start-up in China? This book answers these questions by examining how socially privileged entrepreneurial talents adopt and champion the "wolf culture" - a fast-paced, competitive, and aspirational work culture - that has become prevalent since China's mass promotion of entrepreneurship and innovation.
Based on extensive field research, including participant observation and interviews in Shenzhen's high-tech industry, this book challenges the popular notion of entrepreneurship as entirely self-initiated and passion-driven. Outlining the concrete instruments of governance of the local state, the author argues that transnational talent from elite schools or elite professions is often "entrepreneured" in China. Moreover, she argues that the different standards of selection of entrepreneurial talents by state and market actors create localised precarious conditions for them. This book offers fascinating insights into the contradictions inherent in the Chinese model of entrepreneurship.
Start-up Wolf will appeal to scholars and students of China studies, the anthropology of entrepreneurship, science and technology studies, and economic geography, as well as business practitioners interested in innovation and high-tech start-ups.
A well-balanced and accessible introduction to the elementary quantitative methods and Microsoft® Office Excel® applications used to guide business decision making Featuring quantitative techniques ...essential for modeling modern business situations, Introduction to Quantitative Methods in Business: With Applications Using Microsoft® Office Excel® provides guidance to assessing real-world data sets using Excel. The book presents a balanced approach to the mathematical tools and techniques with applications used in the areas of business, finance, economics, marketing, and operations. The authors begin by establishing a solid foundation of basic mathematics and statistics before moving on to more advanced concepts. The first part of the book starts by developing basic quantitative techniques such as arithmetic operations, functions and graphs, and elementary differentiations (rates of change), and integration. After a review of these techniques, the second part details both linear and nonlinear models of business activity. Extensively classroom-tested, Introduction to Quantitative Methods in Business: With Applications Using Microsoft® Office Excel® also includes: Numerous examples and practice problems that emphasize real-world business quantitative techniques and applications Excel-based computer software routines that explore calculations for an assortment of tasks, including graphing, formula usage, solving equations, and data analysis End-of-chapter sections detailing the Excel applications and techniques used to address data and solutions using large data sets A companion website that includes chapter summaries, Excel data sets, sample exams and quizzes, lecture slides, and an Instructors' Solutions Manual Introduction to Quantitative Methods in Business: With Applications Using Microsoft® Office Excel® is an excellent textbook for undergraduate-level courses on quantitative methods in business, economics, finance, marketing, operations, and statistics. The book is also an ideal reference for readers with little or no quantitative background who require a better understanding of basic mathematical and statistical concepts used in economics and business. Bharat Kolluri, Ph.D., is Professor of Economics in the Department of Economics, Finance, and Insurance at the University of Hartford. A member of the American Economics Association, his research interests include econometrics, business statistics, quantitative decision making, applied macroeconomics, applied microeconomics, and corporate finance. Michael J. Panik, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Economics, Finance, and Insurance at the University of Hartford. He has served as a consultant to the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles as well as to a variety of health care organizations. In addition, Dr. Panik is the author of numerous books, including Growth Curve Modeling: Theory and Applications and Statistical Inference: A Short Course, both published by Wiley. Rao N. Singamsetti, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Department of Economics, Finance, and Insurance at the University of Hartford. A member of the American Economics Association, his research interests include the status of war on poverty in the United States since the 1960s and forecasting foreign exchange rates using econometric methods.
Literature is replete with studies indicating how innovation influences service quality and business performance. In addition to highlighting the research trends in the service sector under ...investigation, this paper explores the impact factor of innovation on service quality leading to business performance. The cross-sectional survey was the research approach used, while confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was used to analyze the data. In order to study the mediation effect of innovation on service quality and business performance among restaurants bootstrap was used to conduct mediation analysis. The study highlighted that innovation fully mediates service quality and business performance among restaurants in Ghana. Moreover, a business model that highlighted the effectiveness of innovation to service quality leading to business performance among restaurants in Ghana is being advocated. This study will encourage restaurant owners to use innovation in their daily routine to improve service to improve their company’s success.
Co-operatives provide a different approach to organising business through their ideals of member ownership and democratic practice. Every co-operative member has an equal vote regardless of his or ...her own personal capital investment. They take a variety of different forms, including consumer co-operatives, agricultural co-operatives, worker co-operatives and financial co-operatives.
Patmore, Balnave and Marjanovic provide a perspective on Australian co-operative development within a conceptual framework and international context since the 1820s by exploring the economic, political and social factors that explain their varying fortunes. Drawing upon the Visual Historical Atlas of Australian Co-operatives, a significant database of Australian co-operatives and a variety of historical sources, this book provides a detailed historical analysis of their development, from their inception in Australia to today. Australian co-operatives were heavily dependent on state sympathy for their growth and vulnerable to ideas that challenged collective organisation such as Neo-liberalism. Despite these challenges, the co-operative business model has persisted and since 2009, there has been resurgence of interest and organisation that may provide a platform for future growth.
A useful resource for practitioners, students, educators, policy makers and researchers that highlights a significant alternative business model to the Investor-Owned Business and state enterprise.
The goal of this research is to identify the investment preferences of top managers and owners of four- and five-star hotels and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their investment planning. The ...study examines various factors, including the individual characteristics of executives (such as gender, age group, education level, and position held in the hotel unit), and their perceptions of the pandemic’s effects on their investment planning. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to capture the pandemic’s impact on investment options, planning, and spending for luxury hotels. The study first conducted a structured questionnaire survey to record investment priorities under two distinct scenarios: one prior to the pandemic and another after the pandemic’s spread and containment measures. Statistical tests were then used to compare the results between the two periods, revealing clear differences in investment choices among top executives and owners. Chi-square tests were also employed to examine the impact of individual characteristics on executives’ perceptions of the pandemic’s impact on their investment planning and their willingness to limit investment spending. Ordinal regressions were used to explore association further. The findings show that participants’ age group was associated with their perception of the pandemic’s negative impact on investment planning and their willingness to limit investment spending. Participants’ position in the hotel unit partially explained their willingness to reduce investment resources during the pandemic. Therefore, the research highlights that the age of higher management in luxury hotels impacts the business's ability to adapt to the post-COVID-19 environment. The results also suggest that policy makers' public measures aimed at enhancing executives’ willingness to invest during difficult periods should consider these factors.
‘This open access book addresses an urgent issue on which little organized information exists. It reflects experience in Africa but is highly relevant to other fragile states as well.’ —Constantine ...Michalopoulos, John Hopkins University, USA and former Director of Economic Policy and Co-ordination at the World Bank Fragile countries face a triple data challenge. Up-to-date information is needed to deal with rapidly changing circumstances and to design adequate responses. Yet, fragile countries are among the most data deprived, while collecting new information in such circumstances is very challenging. This open access book presents innovations in data collection developed with decision makers in fragile countries in mind. Looking at innovations in Africa from mobile phone surveys monitoring the Ebola crisis, to tracking displaced people in Mali, this collection highlights the challenges in data collection researchers face and how they can be overcome.
