Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is a common technique used to enhance aesthetic outcomes in postmastectomy breast reconstruction patients. Adipokines are hormones secreted by adipose tissue that play a ...critical role in regulating metabolic processes and the immune system. However, dysregulated adipokine secretion and signaling can contribute to the development and progression of cancer by promoting angiogenesis, altering the immune response, and inducing the epithelial mesenchymal transition. We aimed to assess how breast cancer cells behave in conditioned media derived from fat grafting lipoaspirates and gain a better understanding of the potential interactions that may occur within the tumor microenvironment.
Patients who were undergoing AFG as a part of breast reconstruction at NY-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center between March 2021 and July 2023 were consented and enrolled in the study. This study was approved by the Weill Cornell Medicine Institutional Review Board (#20-10022850-14). Conditioned media is created using 20% of patient lipoaspirate secretome and 80% starving media. The growth of MCF-7, a human ER/PR+ breast cancer cell line, in conditioned media is assessed using CyQUANT.
The breast cancer cells incubated in conditioned media displayed similar growth trends as those in complete media, which is enriched for cell growth (P > 0.05). MCF-7 cell behavior in conditioned media differed significantly from their proliferation patterns when serum starved in 100% starving media (P < 0.05).
Our results suggest that there may be inherent factors within the lipoaspirate that may promote MCF-7 proliferation. One potential implication is that AFG used for breast reconstruction should be delayed until local-regional disease control has been established. In addition, based on the in vitro proliferation patterns of breast cancer cells in conditioned media, the safety profile of AFG may be enhanced if the procedure is performed after attaining negative margins and the completion breast cancer treatment.
The development of nanomaterials that combine diagnostic and therapeutic functions within a single nanoplatform is extremely important for molecular medicine. Molecular imaging with simultaneous ...diagnosis and therapy will provide the multimodality needed for accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy. Here, gold‐coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@Au) nanoroses with five distinct functions are demonstrated, integrating aptamer‐based targeting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging, photothermal therapy. and chemotherapy into one single probe. The inner Fe3O4 core functions as an MRI agent, while the photothermal effect is achieved through near‐infrared absorption by the gold shell, causing a rapid rise in temperature and also resulting in a facilitated release of the anticancer drug doxorubicin carried by the nanoroses. Where the doxorubicin is released, it is monitored by its fluorescence. Aptamers immobilized on the surfaces of the nanoroses enable efficient and selective drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal effect with high specificity. The five‐function‐embedded nanoroses show great advantages in multimodality.
Five functions in one probe: A gold‐coated iron oxide (Fe3O4@Au) nanorose with five distinct functions, which integrate aptamer‐based targeting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging, photothermal and chemotherapy into one single probe is developed. This multifunctional nanoplatform is used for cancer cell targeting, dual molecular imaging, and dual therapy, with enhanced specific binding, improved cellular uptake, minimum nonspecific toxicity, and side effects.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most fatal human cancers. Persistent and aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is the feature of many malignancies ...including the pancreatic cancer. Several studies reported that activated Stat3 maintains constitutive NF-kappaB activity. To determine mechanism of proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, cell viability was examined using MTT assay. Expressions of total STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3, IkappaBalpha, cyclin D1 and survivin were determined by real-time PCR or Western blot analyses. NF-kappaB promoter activity was examined by luciferase assay. We found that activation of NF-kappaB and STAT3 as well as expression of STAT3-target genes cyclin D.sub.1 and survivin were induced in PANC-1 cells. These results indicate activation of STAT3 signaling pathway contributes to proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, targeting STAT3 may be beneficial for treating human pancreatic cancer.
Scorpion venoms are known to contain over 100,000 biologically active constituents. However, only a few of them have been studied. The major constituents of venom are proteins and peptides, which ...exhibit various biological and pharmacological properties, including anticancer activities. In the current study, the venom of yellow scorpions (Buthus sindicus) found in Sindh, Pakistan, was extracted and evaluated for its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The crude venom showed a dose dependent inhibition of phagocyte oxidative burst from human whole blood cells (28.3% inhibition at highest tested concentration of 300 mug/mL). In-vitro cytotoxicity of crude venom was evaluated against human prostrate (PC3), cervical (HeLa) and neuroblastoma (U87-MG) cell lines, along with cytotoxicity against normal human fibroblast (BJ) cells. Crude venom was cytotoxic to all cell lines, with prominent inhibitory effect on PC3 cells. Crude venom was fractionated through RP-UPLC, resulted in fifteen fractions, followed by evaluation of their anticancer potential. Among all, the fraction I significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the cell viability of all three cancer cell lines, and exhibited insignificant cytotoxicity against normal cell line. Furthermore, the apoptotic cell death pathway was evaluated for crude venom, and fraction I, in most sensitive cell line PC3, by using flow-cytometry analysis. Both crude venom and its fraction I caused a mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer cells (PC3). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity of venom of Pakistani yellow scorpions. Results indicate their therapeutic potential, and a case for further purification and validation studies.
Cancer metabolism is an essential aspect of tumorigenesis, as cancer cells have increased energy requirements in comparison to normal cells. Thus, an enhanced metabolism is needed in order to ...accommodate tumor cells' accelerated biological functions, including increased proliferation, vigorous migration during metastasis, and adaptation to different tissues from the primary invasion site. In this context, the assessment of tumor cell metabolic pathways generates crucial data pertaining to the mechanisms through which tumor cells survive and grow in a milieu of host defense mechanisms. Indeed, various studies have demonstrated that the metabolic signature of tumors is heterogeneous. Furthermore, these metabolic changes induce the exacerbated production of several molecules, which result in alterations that aid an inflammatory milieu. The therapeutic armentarium for oncology should thus include metabolic and inflammation regulators. Our expanding knowledge of the metabolic behavior of tumor cells, whether from solid tumors or hematologic malignancies, may provide the basis for the development of tailor-made cancer therapies.
3beta,12beta,25-Trihydroxydammar-(E/Z)-20(22)-ene-6-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1right arrow2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,2beta,25-trihydroxydammar-(E/Z)-20(22)-ene-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and ...dammar-20(22)-ene-3,6,12,25-tetrol(3beta,6beta,12beta,20E/Z) were synthesized from the ginsenosides Re, Rh1, and PPT, respectively, via a simple three-step process involving acetylation, elimination-addition, and saponification. We obtained the detailed structures of these compounds by 1D and 2D NMR, and by HR-ESI-MS. Among them, dammar-20(22)-ene-3,6,12,25-tetrol(3beta,6beta,12beta,20Z) was identified as a new triterpenoid ginsenoside. The cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of these compounds towards cancer cells and erythrocytes were also evaluated.
Many biosensor technologies that can precisely and sensitively identify biomarkers reflecting disease status are being developed to help with early cancer detection and anticancer treatment ...monitoring. The creation of sensors based on nanozymes is one of the novel approaches in the intricate diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Because natural enzyme sensors can be unstable and expensive, the use of nanozymes in biosensors offers a great substitute for this type of study. Nanozymes have a stable shelf life, great operational reliability, cheap cost, and outstanding catalytic activity. The technological approaches to generating nanozymes and their use in sensors are briefly described in the paper. A summary of the many kinds of biosensors based on diverse kinds of nanomaterials for the identification of cancer biomarkers is provided, along with a discussion of the latest developments and challenges in the field of nanozyme biosensors for use in cancer diagnosis.
•Novel approaches to nanozyme-based sensors for intricate diagnosis and cancer treatment are shown.•The main technological approaches to generating nanozymes and their use in sensors are described.•Recent advances in nanozyme sensors for tumor markers and cancer cells are reviewed.•Prospects for the use of nanozyme sensors in cancer diagnosis are shown.•Future trends to improve nanozyme biosensors in cancer diagnosis are considered.
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