In late 2018 and early 2019, the United States saw the longest government shutdown in history. While the shutdown made headlines as political news around the country, for many individuals it ...represented a loss of work, and for government contractors it resulted in billions of dollars in lost revenue. This Note focuses on the impact of government shutdowns on government contractors and suggests a novel solution: Congress should enact statutory emergency authority, available only in the event of a lengthy funding gap, enabling the President to make funds available immediately for the payment of government contractors. This statute would alleviate the strain that government shutdowns place on contractors and their employees. This Note explores the constitutional and statutory issues that may arise from the enactment of such a statute and argues that such a power would be within Congress' delegatory authority to enact and the President's executive authority to carry out.
This article considers points of connection and coherence between and among the Rome I Regulation, the Rome II Regulation, and Regulation 1215, and relevant predecessor instruments. The degree of ...consistency in aim, design and detail of conflict of laws rules is examined, vertically (between/among consecutive instruments) and horizontally (across cognate instruments). Symbiosis between instruments is explored, as is the interrelationship between choice of court and choice of law. Disadvantaged parties, and the cohesiveness of their treatment under the Regulations, receive particular attention.
Jusqu’à maintenant les auteurs se revendiquant de « droit et géographie » ont adopté une position critique à l’égard du positivisme juridique, affirmant qu’il fallait abandonner les comparaisons ...classiques réduites à des normes étatiques à l’intérieur de frontières nationales. Après avoir clarifié les définitions possibles du positivisme juridique, cet article entend faire la part entre les reproches justifiés adressés à la notion ancienne de « familles de droit » et les apories auxquelles conduisent les idées radicales de dépassement des frontières et de complète autonomie des ordres juridiques non étatiques. Plaidant pour un pluralisme, dans lequel ordres juridiques étatiques et non étatiques interagissent, l’article propose de renouveler la géographie du droit sur deux terrains. Le premier consiste à établir de nouvelles grilles de lecture pour comparer les systèmes juridiques des États. Le second correspond à la comparaison des différentes formes de zonage à l’intérieur des États. L’élaboration de cartes à titre d’hypothèses paraît particulièrement adaptée à ces collaborations entre droit et géographie qui pourrait conduire à une réflexion sur la densité des conflits juridiques.
This is the Twenty-Ninth Annual Survey of American Choice-of-Law Cases. It was written at the request of the Association of American Law Schools Section on Conflict of Laws, and is intended as a ...service to fellow teachers and to students of conflicts law, both inside and outside the United States.This Survey covers cases decided by American state and federal appellate courts from January 1 to December 31, 2015, and posted on Westlaw by December 31, 2015. Of the 1,188 appellate cases that meet these parameters, the Survey focuses on those cases that may contribute something new to the development or understanding of conflicts law — and, particularly, choice of law.
Abstract
This paper contains materials reflecting the practice of Chinese practice in private international law in 2018. First, the statistics of the foreign-related civil or commercial cases decided ...by Chinese courts is extracted from the Report on the Work of the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) in 2018. Second, the SPC judicial interpretation concerning the enforcement of arbitral awards is translated, and the interpretation reflects a pro-arbitration tendency in Chinese courts. Third, six cases, on the validity of a choice of court clause, the conflict of laws issues regarding personal injury on the high seas, visitation rights and uncontested divorces, as well as the recognition of foreign judgments, are noted. Fourth, the paper introduces a case embodying the “one-stop” international commercial dispute resolution mechanism in Chinese courts. Finally, the paper also covers six representative decisions regarding the parties’ status, the presumption of the parties’ intention as to choice of law, and the validity of arbitration agreements.
En el presente trabajo se estudiará cuándo se activa el orden público internacional, en relación con los contratos de gestación por sustitución, tanto en España, como en los países de nuestro ...entorno, concretamente en Francia y en Italia.Son Estados en los que, por un lado, existe una regulación que no permite la gestación por sustitución,como sucede en España, por lo que, en caso de que se lleven a cabo este tipo de prácticas en un Estado extranjero donde son válidas, es susceptible de que se active la excepción de orden público internacional de dichos Estados; pero que, por otro lado, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en España, el orden público europeo está jugando un papel importante, para que sea posible el reconocimiento de la filiación de los menores a favor de los padres comitentes.
The via media technique of characterisation in private international law, as proposed by the Canadian author Falconbridge, was - over a period of three decades - gradually adopted by the courts in ...Lesotho, South Africa, Zimbabwe, and, more recently, Eswatini. In a particular dispute, which is used as angle of incidence for the discussion below, the High Court of Swaziland (now Eswatini) applied the rules of the lex fori pertaining to liberative prescription (the limitation of actions) against the background of the via media technique. The decision was overruled by the Supreme Court of Eswatini, which - using the same technique - applied the proper law of the contract in this regard. In this contribution, the Canadian doctrine and its application by the Eswatini and other Southern African courts is critically discussed. The scenario in the Eswatini cases provides an example of what the author calls the phenomenon of dual cumulation. He attempts to provide guidance for the development of Southern African private international law in this regard beyond the via media technique.
This article focuses on the scope of party autonomy in EU family regulations, especially in cases of marriage dissolution with an international element. Through the lens of a case study, the author ...analyses whether provisions allowing party autonomy in EU family regulations are consistent and wide enough to enable parties to find a solution that best fits their interests. The paper concludes that the advantages of party autonomy in private international family law outweigh the associated risks which should be mitigated by safeguarding measures.
Australian Consumer Law provides for consumer guarantees, according to which the taking of a particular action (for example, the application of due care and skill) or the presence of a particular ...fact (for example, a particular quality) is deemed as guaranteed where goods or services are supplied to a consumer in certain circumstances. Remedies lie against the supplier or (where goods are supplied) against the manufacturer or both. Pursuant to its application provisions, Australian Consumer Law applies to conduct outside Australia if one of several alternative criteria is satisfied. One criterion is that the defendant carried on business within Australia. There is no express requirement that the defendant's business activities in Australia include the transaction with the plaintiff. This article argues that comity requires an implied restriction on the territorial scope of the consumer guarantee provisions, and searches for the most appropriate criterion for that purpose.
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