The purpose of this research was look information on  the teacher perception about controlling of the headmaster on vocation senior high school. This is a descriptive research. The population is 201 ...teacher and research sample is 72 teachers who taken by simple random sampling. The instrument of this research was a questionnaire with Likert scale models that had tested for validity and reliability. Data analyzed using the average (mean) formula. The results of this research show teacher perception about controlling of headmaster on vocation senior high school (SMKN) in Solok city  stay in  good category with an average score 3,61 become 72,21 percent.
The system of results of effective performance of strategic diagnostics in the system of controlling financial indicators is formed and the place and role of diagnostics in the organizational ...structure of the enterprise are determined. It is established that an important result of the introduction of the structure of strategic diagnostics is the additional synergy of departments, which is a factor in increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise. The nomenclature of organizational measures to ensure effective controlling has been formed and the directions of strategic diagnostics have been established. It is established that diagnostics must be conducted continuously by all characteristics that affect the financial performance of the enterprise in order to obtain an effective management strategy. It is established that not only the values of the mentioned characteristics but also their trends are subject to controlling and analysis. The forecast of activity of the enterprise is formed on the basis of this analysis. The structure of application of strategic diagnostics in the system of controlling financial results is developed. This allowed formalizing the place and role of diagnostics in the formation of effective management strategies. A mathematical model and formalized approaches for proposing managerial actions based on strategic diagnostic data have been developed. For the first time, the competitiveness indicator of the enterprise was used as the main objective function of the formalized approach with the use of strategic diagnostics. The practicality of the proposed theoretical approaches and mathematical model is proved by the example of the analysis of the results of the Eristov Mining and Processing Plant. The potential of production, the degree of its achievement and restraining factors to obtain optimal values of the plant's performance indicators are evaluated.
Neuromorphic computing (NC) is a new generation of artificial intelligence. Memristors are promising candidates for NC owing to the feasibility of their ultrahigh‐density 3D integration and their ...ultralow energy consumption. Compared to traditional electrical memristors, the emerging optoelectronic memristors are more attractive owing to their ability to combine the advantages of both photonics and electronics. However, the inability to reversibly tune the memconductance with light has severely restricted the development of optoelectronic NC. Here, an all‐optically controlled (AOC) analog memristor is realized, with memconductance that is reversibly tunable over a continuous range by varying only the wavelength of the controlling light. The device is based on the relatively mature semiconductor material InGaZnO and a memconductance tuning mechanism of light‐induced electron trapping and detrapping. It is found that the light‐induced multiple memconductance states are nonvolatile. Furthermore, spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity learning can be mimicked in this AOC memristor, indicating its potential applications in AOC spiking neural networks for highly efficient optoelectronic NC.
An all‐optically controlled (AOC) analog memristor is realized based on the relatively mature material InGaZnO. The memconductance is reversibly tunable over a continuous range by varying only the wavelength of the controlling light. This device has promising applications in AOC spiking neural networks for highly efficient optoelectronic neuromorphic computing.
Abstract
This paper deals with the implementation of controlling in a group of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises (SMEs) in Slovakia. The business environment characterized by rapid and ...abrupt changes forces enterprises to innovate not only products, but also internal processes and management system. Enterprises therefore implement controlling, whose role is to support the management of the enterprise in making important decisions. This paper will analyse the application of controlling in SMEs based on interviews with business managers and a questionnaire survey. Large enterprises have implemented controlling, but SMEs face the task of implementing it. Therefore, the paper will describe the tasks that need to be accomplished in the different phases of building controlling in SMEs. It will conclude by highlighting the benefits of implementing controlling for the management of SMEs.
This article reviews the literature on the contingency theory of management accounting since the 1980 review by the author. It traces the expansion of this literature and critically outlines some of ...the major themes explored over this period. It argues that a mechanistic approach that will develop into a predictive mechanism for the design of optimal control systems is misguided. Rather the existence of management control ‘packages’ that are continually changing and developing requires studies that follow these changes over time and seek to explain the mechanisms that are observed to be deployed. The ‘package’ concept has not yet been taken seriously in the design of most empirical studies although this is fundamental to the design of future studies. That is, different elements of control system packages are developed quasi independently by different actors at different times and are only loosely co-ordinated. Full coordination is precluded for several reasons, most notably the rapid pace of change and the addition of new or amended systems at a faster rate than the coordination process can develop. It is suggested that the narrow view of contingency that relies on responses to generally applicable questionnaires needs to be replaced by a more tailored approach that takes into account the context of specific organizations.
This paper concerns the influence of IT dynamic capabilities on controlling effectiveness. The main aim of the article is to verify whether IT dynamic capabilities strengthen the influence of dynamic ...capabilities of controlling on organizational performance through quality of controlling, as well as job performance of managers and employees, showing another way, in which IT can support controlling use in contemporary organizations. The proposed theoretical framework is verified empirically on the sample of 246 organizations operating in Poland, from which 231 organizations commented on the implementation of controlling. The verification confirmed that IT dynamic capabilities moderate the relations included in Controlling Effectiveness Model, which is a basis for the study. The research is based on the multivariant path analysis executed using SPSS AMOS, with bootstrapping.
The article deals with the place and functions of integrated controlling in the enterprise management system, the analysis of scientific views on the goals and objectives of controlling.
A dual adjustment for energy band potential and morphology of wide-band-gap BiOAc was realized by forming flower-like S-scheme heterojunction of BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx at room-temperature from a facile ...co-precipitation route, which exhibited largely enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of antibiotic TC and dye RhB under visible light.
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•S-scheme heterojunction BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx was easily prepared at room temperature.•Formation of solid solution BiOAc1−xBrx led to more carriers under visible light.•Dispersed flowerlike morphology of the heterojunction benefited to charge transfer.•S-scheme heterojunction prolonged lifetime of carriers with stronger redox ability.•New photocatalyst exhibited outstanding photoreactivity for TC and RhB removal.
For broad-band-gap semiconductors like BiO(CH3COO) (denoted as BiOAc), constructing heterojunctions with a narrow-band-gap semiconductor or forming solid solution is an effective strategy to improve visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity. Herein, by combining two strategies, a novel step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction BiOBr/BiO(CH3COO)1−xBrx (denoted as BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx) was synthesized via a facile co-precipitation method at room temperature. The as-prepared BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx with feeding molar ratio of Br/Bi at 0.8 exhibited outstanding visible-light photocatalytic activity for tetracycline (TC) and rhodamine B (RhB) degradation, with degradation efficiency of 99.2% and 99.4%, respectively, which was higher than those of BiOAc (17.3% and 34.8%), BiOBr (57.2% and 62.7%), solid solution BiOAc1−xBrx(x = 0.4) (68.6% and 68.2%) and heterojunction BiOBr/BiOAc (69.9% and 88.1%). The enhanced photocatalytic activity could be attributed to two main aspects. Firstly, the formation of the solid solution BiOAc1−xBrx could not only enlarge visible light response of BiOAc, but also successfully transform type-I heterojunction of BiOBr/BiOAc to typical S-scheme heterojunction of BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx, which thus prolong the lifetime of charge carriers with stronger redox ability. Secondly, by adding urea to the reaction system as a morphology modifier, uniform ultrathin nanosheet-based flowerlike BiOAc was obtained, and more importantly, the heterojunction BiOBr/BiOAc1−xBrx inherited the flowerlike contour of BiOAc and thus improved the dispersion, which benefit to the transfer of carriers at the interfaces and onto the surface of nanoparticles. In addition, the as-prepared S-scheme heterojunction also possessed desirable photodegradation efficiency for TC and RhB in real wastewater or in the presence of some electrolytes. This study provides a simply and energy-saving strategy for simultaneously optimizing energy band structures and microstructure to highly efficient heterojunction photocatalysts.
The occurrence and fate of antibiotic in the environment is an uttermost concern due to development of resistant gene and lowering effect of antibiotic on diseases. In India itself, the problem is ...intense due to extensive & uncontrolled use of drugs at different medical facilities. They get mixed up with ground and surface water due to lack of proper treatment of hospital wastewater before discharging it. As it contains high concentration of antibiotics, drug residues along with certain heavy metals. The contamination due to this is not only limited to water but affects whole ecosystem severely. The concentration of these antibiotics depends upon various factors such as a characteristic of water and soil, irrational water source, cropping forms, seasonal variation of medicines. Many investigations on the toxicity of these antibiotics and their traces in aquatic environment pose serious threats. If we compare treatments with respect to different drugs then we observe that iodinated contrast media shows better removal efficiency in an MBR with UV about 66% of total load and 99% for all other drugs. It can be concluded from this study that use of about 23 mg/L of packed activate carbon with 1.08 g O3/g of DOC with 2400 J/m2 UV will be best for achieving high efficiency in drugs removal.
In this paper, our main objective was to review the occurrences and fate of common drugs and antibiotics present in effluents from hospital wastewaters. These effluents get mixed up the others streams of water and are used in various purposes like irrigation and other domestic activities, thus making the situation more complex. The conventional adopted treatment techniques for these hospital effluents are also discussed in detail.
•Occurrence of antibiotics in treated wastewater effluent has been a concern worldwide.•Hospital effluents represent an important source for the release of antibiotics into the environment.•Potential area of concern is the uptake of these antibiotics by crops irrigated by treated wastewater.•Conventional adopted treatment techniques for hospital effluents discussed in detail.
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