The paper analyzes factors of quarantine measures influencing an individual during the COVID-19 epidemic. It mentions that during the quarantine, it should be considered that some individuals are ...especially vulnerable in crisis situations and they may need additional psychological assistance. The work presents a set of tools, recommended for specialists providing remote psychological assistance to prevent and overcome stress. Preventive and rehabilitation measures (counseling methods; the change in strategies and patterns of behavior; the involvement of rational psychodiagnostic and self-regulation techniques, etc.) are aimed at reducing the risks of stress and its impact on the individual during quarantine under threat of the COVID-19 epidemic. They should result in an increase in communicative openness, emotional stability, social courage, self-confidence, etc.
Previously, we have proposed a computational model for decision-making in crisis situations called C-RPD (Computational Recognition Primed Decision). In this paper, a software development process ...customized for Crisis Situations Decision-Making Systems (CSDMSs) is proposed. Agile processes can skillfully manage uncertainty in software requirements and some of their features like incremental development can solve some problems in developing CSDMSs. However, these processes do not provide comprehensive solutions for issues like the lack of enough knowledge about CSDMSs, very rapid changes, urgent need to overcome security challenges, high development unpredictability, and the performance test. Extreme Programming (XP) is one of the best and most widely-used agile processes. In this article, a customized version of XP called Crisis Situations Decision-Making Systems Software Development Process (CSDP) is proposed. Standing first and second in five national and international RoboCup rescue agent simulation tournaments from 2006 to 2010 bear witness to the efficiency of the developed software using CSDP. Relying on its characteristics, CSDP has been able to practically tackle the challenges of developing CSDMSs such as the lack of crisis-related knowledge and cumulative nature of crisis-related knowledge, difficulty of extracting knowledge, long development cycle, and sudden and frequent changes in system requirements.
Purpose
Social enterprises (SEs) have experienced unprecedented uncertainty due to COVID-19, and it has challenged the fundamental assumptions underlying the SEs. Little is known about the strategic ...response of SEs when their fundamental characteristics are being challenged. The purpose of this paper is to explore – how do SEs respond to a crisis caused by the pandemic?
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a case study approach and reports the response strategy of impulse social enterprises (ISE) from India. Data were collected through interviews, Webinars and organizational reports. To analyze the data, the authors examined the fundamental assumption on SE that was challenged by the pandemic.
Findings
The response strategy of ISE is driven by social and substantive rationality focusing on the relationship with the community and doing what is good for them. The role of communication was vital in gathering support and resources to continue with their function. ISE adapted a mindset of mission agility and created an alternative market for its product.
Originality/value
This study highlights the response strategy of SE in an emerging economy like India, which experienced one of the stringent lockdowns. It is probably one of the few studies that examined the responses of SE under a crisis that challenged their fundamental attributes by adopting the framework of Bacq and Lumpkin (2021).
The article continues a series of studies analyzing the features of capital relocation (movement) and mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the world financial and economic system (FES) in the ...context of globalization. Structuring features of capital transfer processes in the context of a modern globalized FES and their impact on the efficiency of the investment portfolio and the economy of donor and recipient countries are considered. The relationship between the dynamic processes of the movement of borrowed capital and the Buffett indicator is established as a characteristic feature of the emergence and development of crises. The conditions have been determined whereby further capital injection, i.e., “flooding the crisis with money,” ceases to be effective.
The identification of the position of rail vehicles plays a crucial role in the control of rail traffic. Available, up-to-date information on the position of vehicles allows us to efficiently deal ...with selected traffic situations where the position of vehicles is very important. The main objective of this article is to introduce (i) a concept of a solution for identification of the current position of rail vehicles based on the worldwide-recognized system of the GNSS with the use of an original railway network data model, and (ii) the use of this concept as supplementary support for the dispatcher control of rail traffic on regional lines. The solution was based on an original, multilayer rail network data model supporting (i) the identification of rail vehicle position and (ii) novel algorithms evaluating the mutual positions of several trains while detecting the selected crisis situation. In addition, original algorithms that enable automatic network model-building (on the database server level) directly from the official railway infrastructure database were developed. The verification of the proposed solutions (using rail traffic simulations) was focused on the evaluation of (i) the changing mutual positions (distances) of trains on the railway network, (ii) the detection of nonstandard or crisis traffic situations, and (iii) the results of the calculations of necessary braking distances of trains for stopping and collision avoidance. The above verification demonstrated the good applicability of the proposed solutions for the potential deployment within supplementary software support for real traffic control. The described concept of the supplementary support determined for railway traffic control (using the localization of trains by means of the GNSS) is intended mainly for regional, single-rail lines. This type of line is very often not sufficiently equipped with standard signaling and interlocking equipment to ensure the necessary traffic safety. Therefore, when deploying this support, the new algorithms for the automatic detection of critical traffic situations represent a significant potential contribution to increasing operational safety.
Purpose. To detect the sources of the appearance of risks in water basins and consequences from their formation for environment and fish fauna. Development of conceptual foundations of ...environmental-economic and social science “riskology”. Methodology. During the work, we used general ichthyological studies and results of monitoring fish surveys in wintering grounds of the hydrographic network of the lowland part of Ukranian territory including Dnieper River basin in the middle part: Trubizh, Udai; Styr, Ikva, channel reservoirs: Khrinnytske (Styr River), Mlynivske (Ikva River); Goryn, Sluch, Basivkutske on the Ustia River (a right tributary of the Goryn River); Shatsky lakes in the Prypiat River basin. Findings. A mass of organic susbatnce accumulated for thousand years of the postglacial period is a stabilizer of climate and at the same time is used in economic activity – soils, reserves of drinking water, forest ranges, drained wetlands, mineral deposits, river ecosystems, as primary cells of organic substance synthesis, water quality, sewage waters. All these are wounds of the living planet. No one knows to what extent the mega-ecosystem is discturbed, what level of resistance is possible from the environment. Negative consequences of the economic use of natural resources are already observed today. Together with climatic and geophysical factors, the greenhouse effect causes changes in the heat balance of the Earth, affects the formation of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere, causes changes in climatic zones, extinction of flora and fauna species sensitive to pollution, and shortage of drinking water. Originality. A concept of the formation of risks in aquatic ecosystems of natural and anthropogenic origin has been examined. The article justifies the necessity for the advance of research area “riskology” in the development of the noospherology – a science on the harmonization of nature management under current conditions, with the possibility of predicting unpredictable consequences to the environment from human activities. Practical value. The development of the concept of the noosphere as a planet of mind requires the emergence and approval of the science of "riskology" for the creation of national standards and regulations for modern human behavior in the environment for the preservation of its habitat and existence.
With rapid industrialization, the current social system is facing a variety of crises that deplete resources, pollute the environment and generate large amounts of waste. Excessive destinations ...dependence on tourism, as a primary economic activity, make them more vulnerable to global crisis situations and their negative effects. The tourism industry is also sensitive to external disasters and the deterioration of the tourism product, and is becoming more exposed to the crisis, which leads to a growing interest in contingency planning. Economic crisis, the crisis in the world shipping economy and political instability represent some of the crisis situations that developed and developing countries are struggling with. The goal of the research is literature review to determine which crisis situations exist in nautical tourism, which ones occur most often and what is the cause of them. Also, by analyzing the content of selected articles, the aim is to present possible solutions to such situations, applying to a greater extent to the principles of sustainable development. This paper analyzes the scientific literature on the crisis situations and their negative effects on nautical tourism, as relatively new multidisciplinary tourism activity. Contrary to the long history of piracy, terrorist attacks, as a one type of crisis situations that occur in the maritime industry are rare. However, high-energy consumption, high water pollution and increased port production, consequently negatively affect the ecological environment. Pollution created by vessels, in addition to disrupting the natural ecological balance, also encourages climate change, therefore, ecological restoration measures can help improve the quality of the environment on land and in water.
Cilj. Rad prikazuje knjižnične programe i usluge na daljinu Narodne knjižnice „Petar Preradović“ Bjelovar u doba epidemije COVID-19 u vremenu od 16. ožujka do 24. travnja 2020. godine kada je ...knjižnica bila fizički zatvorena za korisnike. Razmatra se problematika prilagodbe knjižnice na izvanredne situacije u kontekstu osmišljavanja i provođenju usluga na daljinu te komunikacija knjižnice sa svojim korisnicima na daljinu uporabom komunikacijskih medija i kanala zasnovanih na informacijsko-komunikacijskoj tehnologiji.
Metodologija. Metodološki pristup temi ogleda se u istraživanju literature vezane za knjižnično poslovanje u kriznim situacijama te knjižničnim uslugama na daljinu. Bitna tema koju literatura pokriva odnosi se na medijsku komunikaciju knjižnica u kriznim situacijama. Ovaj rad sinteza je tog istraživanja, odnosno kritičkog promišljanja zadane teme uz primjere dobre prakse.
Rezultati. Uvidom u relevantnu stručnu i znanstvenu literaturu te kroz primjere dobre prakse provedenih usluga na daljinu uočeno je da narodne knjižice mogu više-manje uspješno provoditi različite usluge koje ne zahtijevaju fizičko prisustvo korisnika u knjižničnom prostoru. Isto tako, te se usluge mogu još dodatno promovirati i razvijati u suradnji s lokalnom zajednicom te medijima, uz pomoć komunikacijskih kanala baziranih na informacijsko-komunikacijskoj tehnologiji.
Vrijednost. Rad naglašava važnost prilagodbe knjižničnog poslovanja izvanrednim situacijama, u ovom slučaju epidemije COVID-19 , kako u teoriji, tako i u praksi. Isto tako, rad ističe primjere dobre prakse koji bi trebali poslužiti kao ogled drugim knjižničarima kao smjernice za osmišljavanja i provođenje usluga na daljinu.
The purpose of the article is the explanation of innovative principles of the crisis situations monitoring of the social and economic origin that threaten the national security of Ukraine. The ...topicality of the crisis situations monitoring of the social and economic origin by the authorities that endanger the security of Ukraine is proved. The concept of “crisis situations monitoring” of the social and economic origin is defined. It is a system of monitoring, evaluating, and forecasting of social and economic threats to national security. Methodology. The crisis situations occurrence characteristics search on the Internet model allows searching the text files on the Internet with the help of the text files in order to evaluate the current situation, forecast the consequences of crisis situations of social and economic origin such as mass protest activism in regions of the country for further settlement. In view of this, the existing informative and analytical systems of the text information analysis systems are researched; the standard procedures of content analysis are investigated. The statistical analysis model is developed. In this regard, the list of significant indicators that determine the level of threats of social and economic origin and can lead to crisis situation consequences – the mass protest of public participation is formed. The threat level estimation model of the social and economic origin using modern theoretical and practical statistical methods and geographical information system methods is developed. The threat level forecasting model of the social and economic origin allows forecasting the crisis situation progress. With this end in view, the methods of the social crisis forecasting of social and economic origin are researched; the structured scheme of this mechanism is developed. Practical implications. The innovative approach to the crisis situations monitoring of the social and economic origin that endanger the security of Ukraine is developed. It is based on the usage of crisis situations occurrence characteristics search model, statistical analysis model, the threat level estimation and forecasting model of the social and economic origin. The themes for future research will be devoted to explanation and development of response mechanisms to the social crisis that threatens the national security of Ukraine.
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