•A survey of the literature on the effects of Internet use on well-being.•An interdisciplinary theoretical framework to analyze the Internet-well-being relationships.•We point out four channels of ...impacts of Internet use on well-being in distinct domains of life.•These impacts are mediated by individual capabilities, culture and psychological functioning.
How does Internet use affect well-being? This paper presents a survey of the literature investigating this question, and it develops a framework to analyze both positive effects and potential risks. We point out four distinct channels through which Internet can shape well-being: it changes time use patterns, creates new activities, facilitates access to information, and acts as powerful communication tool. We show how these four channels impact well-being in distinct domains of life. A central point emerging from the literature review is that the effects of Internet on well-being are mediated by a set of personal characteristics that are specific to each individual: psychological functioning, capabilities, and framing conditions (culture and beliefs). Hence, it is the interaction between human beings’ activities in distinct domains of life and their own personal characteristics that explains why the use of Internet has stronger positive effects for some individuals and social groups than others.
Lying Aversion and the Size of the Lie Gneezy, Uri; Kajackaite, Agne; Sobel, Joel
The American economic review,
02/2018, Volume:
108, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
This paper studies lying. An agent randomly picks a number from a known distribution. She can then report any number and receive a monetary payoff based only on her report. The paper presents a model ...of lying costs that generates hypotheses regarding behavior. In an experiment, we find that the highest fraction of lies is from reporting the maximal outcome, but some participants do not make the maximal lie. More participants lie partially when the experimenter cannot observe their outcomes than when the experimenter can verify the observed outcome. Partial lying increases when the prior probability of the highest outcome decreases.
•An SNA based conflict detection and elimination decision making process is presented.•The impact of relationship strength on trust propagation efficiency is considered.•Multi-path trust propagation ...operator is presented to complete the social network.•Nonlinear optimization model guarantees a sufficient reduction of group conflict.•We promote the modification of the assessments by finding the optimal solution.
The paper proposes a Trust Relationship-based Conflict Detection and Elimination decision making (TR-CDE) model, applicable for Large-scale Group Decision Making (LSGDM) problems in social network contexts. The TR-CDE model comprises three processes: a trust propagation process; a conflict detection and elimination process; and a selection process. In the first process, we propose a new relationship strength-based trust propagation operator, which allows to construct a complete social network by considering the impact of relationship strength on propagation efficiency. In the second process, we define the concept of conflict degree and quantify the collective conflict degree by combining the assessment information and trust relationships among decision makers in the large group. We use social network analysis and a nonlinear optimization model to detect and eliminate conflicts among decision makers. By finding the optimal solution to the proposed nonlinear optimization model, we promote the modification of the assessments from the DM who exhibits the highest degree of conflict in the process, as well as guaranteeing that a sufficient reduction of the group conflict degree is achieved. In the third and last process, we propose a new selection method for LSGDM that determines decision makers’ weights based on their conflict degree. A numerical example and a practical scenario are implemented to show the feasibility of the proposed TR-CDE model.
In this article, an innovative analytical framework for the analysis of (migrant) entrepreneurship is presented. The approach combines the micro-level of the individual entrepreneur (with his or her ...resources), with the meso-level of the local opportunity structure and links the latter, in more loose way, to the macro-institutional framework. This way, insights on the necessary resources of an (aspiring/nascent) entrepreneur with views on opportunity structures can be combined. A simple typology of the opportunity structure is presented which distinguishes between different kind of openings based, on the one hand, on differences in entry barriers (in terms of human capital), and, on the other, on their dynamics (growing or stagnating). This comprehensive analytical framework relates (shifts in) opportunities, resources and outcomes of immigrant entrepreneurship in a systematic way.
The Economic Effects of Social Networks Bailey, Michael; Cao, Ruiqing; Kuchler, Theresa ...
The Journal of political economy,
12/2018, Volume:
126, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
We show how data from online social networking services can help researchers better understand the effects of social interactions on economic decision making. We combine anonymized data from ...Facebook, the largest online social network, with housing transaction data and explore both the structure and the effects of social networks. Individuals whose geographically distant friends experienced larger recent house price increases are more likely to transition from renting to owning. They also buy larger houses and paymore for a given house. Survey data show that these relationships are driven by the effects of social interactions on individuals’ housing market expectations.
Misperceived Social Norms Bursztyn, Leonardo; González, Alessandra L.; Yanagizawa-Drott, David
The American economic review,
10/2020, Volume:
110, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
We show that the vast majority of young married men in Saudi Arabia privately support women working outside the home (WWOH) and substantially underestimate support by other similar men. Correcting ...these beliefs increases men’s (costly) willingness to help their wives search for jobs. Months later, wives of men whose beliefs were corrected are more likely to have applied and interviewed for a job outside the home. In a recruitment experiment with a local company, randomly informing women about actual support for WWOH leads them to switch from an at-home temporary enumerator job to a higher-paying, outside-the-home version of the job.
This paper examines the role of migration networks in determining self-selection patterns of Mexico-U.S. migration. A simple theoretical framework shows the impact of networks on migration incentives ...at different education levels and how this affects the composition of migrant skills. Empirically, we find positive or education-neutral selection in communities with weak migrant networks but negative self-selection in communities with stronger networks. This is consistent with high migration costs driving positive or intermediate self-selection, as advocated by Chiquiar and Hanson (2005), and with negative self-selection being driven by lower returns to education in the United States than in Mexico, as advocated by Borjas (1987).
During the 2008–2009 financial crisis, firms with high social capital, as measured by corporate social responsibility (CSR) intensity, had stock returns that were four to seven percentage points ...higher than firms with low social capital. High-CSR firms also experienced higher profitability, growth, and sales per employee relative to low-CSR firms, and they raised more debt. This evidence suggests that the trust between a firm and both its stakeholders and investors, built through investments in social capital, pays off when the overall level of trust in corporations and markets suffers a negative shock.
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