We are used to thinking about inequality within countries--about rich Americans versus poor Americans, for instance. But what about inequality between all citizens of the world? Worlds Apart ...addresses just how to measure global inequality among individuals, and shows that inequality is shaped by complex forces often working in different directions. Branko Milanovic, a top World Bank economist, analyzes income distribution worldwide using, for the first time, household survey data from more than 100 countries. He evenhandedly explains the main approaches to the problem, offers a more accurate way of measuring inequality among individuals, and discusses the relevant policies of first-world countries and nongovernmental organizations.
Portugal is a member of the group known by investors as ‘PIIGS’, countries characterised by having high public debt and weak economic growth. Using an extended time horizon, 1974–2014, this study ...seeks to empirically explore the relationship between economic growth and public debt in the PIIGS economies, particularly in the case of Portugal. Based on the estimation of linear regression models, it was concluded that in the last four decades there has been a negative relationship between economic growth and public debt in both cases, which is consistent with the literature. The negative relationship was even more pronounced in the case of the PIIGS than it was in the case of Portugal.
Članek obravnava danes še kako aktualno vprašanje trajnostnega razvoja in meje rasti znotraj prevladujoče paradigme stalnega gospodarskega razvoja. Človeštvo se je znašlo pred težko odločitvijo, kako ...naprej, saj se nekatere posledice sedanjega antropocentričnega in netrajnostnega razvoja odražajo tako na naravnem okolju kot tudi na družbi. Ne glede na občasne gospodarske krize pomeni dosedanji gospodarski razvoj resno grožnjo prihodnjim rodovom, in to ne le človeškim. Zakon entropije je univerzalni zakon vesolja, ki mu tudi človek na Zemlji ne more ubežati. Dokazano je, da je večji del posledic, ki jih v okolju zaznavamo danes, antropogenega izvora, kar ne nazadnje potrjujejo tudi mnoge študije. Očitno je torej, da bo človek moral spremeniti del svojih ravnanj, predvsem pa temeljito premisliti svoj odnos do stalne gospo- darske rasti ter njenih dobrih in slabih posledic. Je morda rešitev nova ekološka etika, ki ne bo antropocentrična, ampak predvsem intrinzična – torej etika, ki ji trajnostni (uravnotežen, sonaraven) razvoj ne bo cilj, ampak sredstvo za dosego cilja? Bo morda pot do etike, ki bo odgovorno ravnala z okoljem in vsemi živimi bitji, krajša, ko bomo izkušnje starejših generacij prek ustreznega izobraževalnega koncepta prenašali na mlajše rodove? Morda. Na srečo so ti rodovi, ki so še kako dojemljivi za »novo« okoljsko/ekološko etiko, že med nami, saj vse skupaj povezuje usoda tega časa in prostora. To ni le naša osebna pravica in dolžnost, temveč, kot je razvidno iz članka, nas k odgovornemu ravnanju z okoljem obvezujejo tudi številni mednarodni dogovori.
Petty-Clark's law suggests that as the economy of a country develops, its proportion of primary industries declines while those of its secondary and tertiary industries increase. Traditionally, ...hunting has played a crucial role in a country's food supply; however, currently, it is increasingly viewed as a leisure activity. This paper empirically examines whether Petty-Clark's law holds in case of hunting in European countries. The results reveal that the proportion of hunters across countries increases when the per capita GDP is between 5,000 and 15,000 USD. Once the per capita GDP crosses the 15,000 USD mark, two major trends are detected: the number of hunters continues to increase in some countries but decreases in some other countries. Finally, the number of hunters in a country stabilizes when its per capita GDP reaches around 25,000 to 30,000 USD.
Po Petty-Clarkovem zakonu se z razvojem gospodarstva manjša relativni delež primarne gospodarske dejavnosti, medtem ko se veča sekundarni in terciarni. V zgodovini je imel lov odločilno vlogo pri zagotavljanju prehrane prebivalstva, toda v novejšem času gledamo na lov čedalje bolj kot na aktivnost v prostem času. V tem članku je empirična raziskava če Petty-Clarkov zakon velja v primeru lova v evropskih državah. Ugotovljeno je, da se število lovcev veča v povezavi z večanjem bruto domačega proizvoda (BDP) na prebivalca v državi, v razponu 5.000 do 15.000 USD. Ko pa BDP na prebivalca preseže vrednost 15.000 USD, sta odkrita dva glavna trenda. V nekaterih državah se število lovcev še nadalje povečuje, v nekaterih drugih pa se zmanjšuje. Število lovcev postane stabilno ko BDP doseže okoli 25.000 do 30,000 USD.
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