We compared muscle activation during in- and out-of-water gait of SCI patients to understand the influence of the aquatic ambient on rehabilitation programme.
Twenty healthy subjects and 20 SCI ...patients were enrolled. All patients had retained walking ability (AISC and D, lesion level C4-L2, age 18–70years) and could ambulate indipendently for a minimum of 5m with or without walking aids. We analyzed, with an surface 8 channel wireless EMG, the following muscles of the right leg: rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis.
In both healthy and affected subjects in water the walking speed decreases whereas the duration of gait cycle increases. Furthermore in SCI patients we found out an increase of the swing phase. Comparing in- and out-of-water results for SCI subjects the maximum muscle activation peak in water occurred before than on dry land; at the opposite in healthy subjects we registered that the maximum muscle activation peak occurred earlier out of the pool.
The in-water gait cycle is much more similar between SCI and healthy subjects than the out-of-water one. These results suggest that aquatic ambient could positively influence muscle recruitment in SCI patient. Moreover these data give us the opportunity to design water-based exercises that can enrich the tailored rehabilitation programme for every patient.
To compare acute effects of isometric abdominal exercises performed with or without vibration on the electromyographic activity and cutaneous temperature in the abdominal region of physically active ...individuals.
A randomized controlled crossover clinical trial was undertaken in thirty volunteers who completed one unique session of two different protocols of interventions apart from a week from each other, in a two-week study protocol. The subjects were randomly divided in to two groups of 15 volunteers; both were assigned to perform board exercise (30 s on the front, right and left lateral boards, with a rest interval of 2 min). The first group performed it on a vibrating platform at a frequency of 30 Hz for the first week, while the remaining participants executed the same exercise without stimulates vibration. In the second week the protocol was inverted. The outcome were surface electromyography (EMG) data for the rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) and cutaneous temperature (CT) of the abdominal region. Normality was accepted, and Student's t-tests were used to compare the measurements for dependents variables (P < 0.05).
There were no differences in RAM activation and CT between protocols with or without vibration (P > 0.05). CT increased (P = 0.001) after both the exercises with and without vibration.
The results suggest that there were no effects in cutaneous temperature or muscle activation through the use of vibration associated with isometric abdominal exercises.
This study investigates the biomechanical impact of a passive Arm-Support Exoskeleton (ASE) on workers in wool textile processing. Eight workers, equipped with surface electrodes for electromyography ...(EMG) recording, performed three industrial tasks, with and without the exoskeleton. All tasks were performed in an upright stance involving repetitive upper limbs actions and overhead work, each presenting different physical demands in terms of cycle duration, load handling and percentage of cycle time with shoulder flexion over 80°. The use of ASE consistently lowered muscle activity in the anterior and medial deltoid compared to the free condition (reduction in signal Root Mean Square (RMS) -21.6% and -13.6%, respectively), while no difference was found for the Erector Spinae Longissimus (ESL) muscle. All workers reported complete satisfaction with the ASE effectiveness as rated on Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST), and 62% of the subjects rated the usability score as very high (>80 System Usability Scale (SUS)). The reduction in shoulder flexor muscle activity during the performance of industrial tasks is not correlated to the level of ergonomic risk involved. This preliminary study affirms the potential adoption of ASE as support for repetitive activities in wool textile processing, emphasizing its efficacy in reducing shoulder muscle activity. Positive worker acceptance and intention to use ASE supports its broader adoption as a preventive tool in the occupational sector.
•The hybrid system considers EMG sensors and a functional stimulation system.•The implementation of a robust controller to obtain specific movements in the device.•The implementation of a classifier ...based on an ANN for the EMG biofeedback.•The manufacturing, assembly, and integration of a final hybrid orthotic system.
This study presents the design of a functional electrical stimulation system (FES) for upper limb, including the construction and evaluation of an integral self-carrying rehabilitation device. The proposed device incorporated a hybrid system that performs the active mobilization control for the articulations or the assisted movement for the upper limb using electrical stimulation, as well as an on-line characterization of the electromyographic (EMG) signals captured in the trapezius and deltoid muscles. The orthosis was manufactured using a three-dimensional printer. The constructed device was electronically instrumented as a fully actuated robot, and it was controlled in a decentralized form by a set of state feedback (proportional-derivative) algorithms. This study proposed an interpolation method based on sigmoidal functions to solve the trajectory tracking for each actuated articulation. These algorithms used the estimated time-derivative of the tracking error provided by several explicit discretized super-twisting differentiators. The EMG signals were classified by a static multilayered artificial neural network trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt method, defining the movement intention triggered by the user. The device was tested in simulation software including the integration of several evaluation scenarios depending on the classified EMG signal and the tracking trajectory performance developed by the suggested state feedback controllers. The constructed orthosis was successfully evaluated with four volunteers showing the expected performance according to the proposed evaluation scenarios.
To describe iatrogenic lesions of the peripheral nervous system and their relationship with different orthopaedic and traumatological procedures, through their assessment by means of ...electromyographic study.
Retrospective descriptive study of the electromyographies performed in the clinical neurophysiology service of the Hospital General Universitari de Castelló between July 2015 and March 2019, recovering those in which the aetiology was diagnosed as iatrogenic in relation to surgical procedures and analysing those that were initiated after orthopaedic and traumatological procedures.
Of the total number of electromyographies reviewed, 1.37% corresponded to iatrogenic surgical lesions and 55.1% of these were secondary to orthopaedic surgery and traumatology procedures, the incidence in relation to the procedures performed was 0.65%. The most frequent locations related to injuries were the lumbar spine, hip and hand/wrist. Injuries due to postural causes not directly related to the surgical field are noteworthy.
Iatrogenic injuries to the peripheral nervous system after orthopaedic surgery and traumatology procedures are infrequent, but given their mechanism of injury and the high severity of most of them, it would be advisable to implement corrective mechanisms to reduce their incidence.
Level of evidence: IV.
Describir las lesiones iatrogénicas de sistema nervioso periférico y su relación con los diferentes procedimientos ortopédicos y traumatológicos, a través de su valoración mediante estudio electromiográfico.
Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de las electromiografías realizadas en el servicio de neurofisiología clínica de Hospital General Universitari de Castelló en el periodo comprendido entre julio de 2015 y marzo de 2019, recuperando aquellas en las que la etiología se diagnosticó como iatrogénica en relación con procedimientos quirúrgicos y analizando las que se iniciaron tras procedimientos ortopédicos y traumatológicos.
Del total de electromiografías revisadas el 1,37% correspondieron con lesiones iatrogénicas quirúrgicas y de ellas el 55,1% fueron secundarias a procedimientos de cirugía ortopédica y traumatología, la incidencia respecto a los procedimientos realizados fue del 0,65%. Las localizaciones más frecuentemente relacionadas con las lesiones fueron el raquis lumbar, cadera y mano/muñeca. Son destacables las lesiones por causa postural sin relación directa con el campo quirúrgico.
Las lesiones iatrogénicas del sistema nervioso periférico tras procedimientos de cirugía ortopédica y traumatología son poco frecuentes, pero dado su mecanismo lesivo y la elevada gravedad en la mayor parte ellas, sería aconsejable la implementación de mecanismos correctores para reducir su incidencia.
Nivel de evidencia: IV.
Describir las lesiones iatrogénicas de sistema nervioso periférico y su relación con los diferentes procedimientos ortopédicos y traumatológicos, a través de su valoración mediante estudio ...electromiográfico.
Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de las electromiografías realizadas en el servicio de neurofisiología clínica de Hospital General Universitari de Castelló en el periodo comprendido entre julio de 2015 y marzo de 2019, recuperando aquellas en las que la etiología se diagnosticó como iatrogénica en relación con procedimientos quirúrgicos y analizando las que se iniciaron tras procedimientos ortopédicos y traumatológicos.
Del total de electromiografías revisadas el 1,37% correspondieron con lesiones iatrogénicas quirúrgicas y de ellas el 55,1% fueron secundarias a procedimientos de cirugía ortopédica y traumatología, la incidencia respecto a los procedimientos realizados fue del 0,65%. Las localizaciones más frecuentemente relacionadas con las lesiones fueron el raquis lumbar, cadera y mano/muñeca. Son destacables las lesiones por causa postural sin relación directa con el campo quirúrgico.
Las lesiones iatrogénicas del sistema nervioso periférico tras procedimientos de cirugía ortopédica y traumatología son poco frecuentes, pero dado su mecanismo lesivo y la elevada gravedad en la mayor parte ellas, sería aconsejable la implementación de mecanismos correctores para reducir su incidencia.
Nivel de evidencia: IV.
To describe iatrogenic lesions of the peripheral nervous system and their relationship with different orthopaedic and traumatological procedures, through their assessment by means of electromyographic study.
Retrospective descriptive study of the electromyographies performed in the clinical neurophysiology service of the Hospital General Universitari de Castelló between July 2015 and March 2019, recovering those in which the aetiology was diagnosed as iatrogenic in relation to surgical procedures and analysing those that were initiated after orthopaedic and traumatological procedures.
Of the total number of electromyographies reviewed, 1.37% corresponded to iatrogenic surgical lesions and 55.1% of these were secondary to orthopaedic surgery and traumatology procedures, the incidence in relation to the procedures performed was 0.65%. The most frequent locations related to injuries were the lumbar spine, hip and hand/wrist. Injuries due to postural causes not directly related to the surgical field are noteworthy.
Iatrogenic injuries to the peripheral nervous system after orthopaedic surgery and traumatology procedures are infrequent, but given their mechanism of injury and the high severity of most of them, it would be advisable to implement corrective mechanisms to reduce their incidence.
Level of evidence: IV.
The human activity diarization using wearable technologies is one of the most important supporting techniques for ambient assisted living, sport and fitness activities, healthcare of elderly people. ...The activity diarization is performed in two steps: the acquisition of body signals and the classification of activities being performed. This paper presents a technique for data fusion at classifier level of accelerometer and sEMG signals acquired by using a low-cost wearable wireless system for monitoring the human activity when performing sport and fitness activities, as well as in healthcare applications. To demonstrate the capability of the system of diarizing the user's activities, data recorded from a few subjects were used to train and test the automatic classifier for recognizing the type of exercise being performed.
The aim of this study was investigate the effects of different intrasession exercise orders in the neuromuscular adaptations induced by concurrent training in elderly. Twenty-six healthy elderly men ...(64.7 ± 4.1 years), were placed into two concurrent training groups: strength prior to (SE,
n
= 13) or after (ES,
n
= 13) endurance training. Subjects trained strength and endurance training during 12 weeks, three times per week performing both exercise types in the same training session. Upper and lower body one maximum repetition test (1RM) and lower-body isometric peak torque (PTiso) and rate of force development were evaluated as strength parameters. Upper and lower body muscle thickness (MT) was determined by ultrasonography. Lower-body maximal surface electromyographic activity of vastus lateralis and rectus femoris muscles (maximal electromyographic (EMG) amplitude) and neuromuscular economy (normalized EMG at 50 % of pretraining PTiso) were determined. Both SE and ES groups increased the upper- and lower-body 1RM, but the lower-body 1RM increases observed in the SE was higher than ES (35.1 ± 12.8 vs. 21.9 ± 10.6 %, respectively;
P
< 0.01). Both SE and ES showed MT increases in all muscles evaluated, with no differences between groups. In addition, there were increases in the maximal EMG and neuromuscular economy of vastus lateralis in both SE and ES, but the neuromuscular economy of rectus femoris was improved only in SE (
P
< 0.001). Performing strength prior to endurance exercise during concurrent training resulted in greater lower-body strength gains as well as greater changes in the neuromuscular economy (
rectus femoris
) in elderly.
This paper presents a technique for parametric model estimation of the motor unit action potential (MUAP) from the surface electromyography (sEMG) signal by using homomorphic deconvolution. The ...cepstrum-based deconvolution removes the effect of the stochastic impulse train, which originates the sEMG signal, from the power spectrum of sEMG signal itself. In this way, only information on MUAP shape and amplitude were maintained, and then, used to estimate the parameters of a time-domain model of the MUAP itself. In order to validate the effectiveness of this technique, sEMG signals recorded during several biceps curl exercises have been used for MUAP amplitude and time scale estimation. The parameters so extracted as functions of time were used to evaluate muscle fatigue showing a good agreement with previously published results.
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