This study investigated the interrelationship among free time activities, emotional intelligence and job involvement. Data was derived from 209 frontline employees of five-star hotels in Taiwan. ...Results demonstrate that different free time activities had different effects on emotional intelligence and job involvement. Emotional intelligence had positive influence on job involvement, while the relationship between most free time activities and job involvement was mediated by emotional intelligence. Results of this study can enrich the literature on human resource management, organizational behavior and tourism management with practical solutions to improve emotional intelligence and job involvement.
This article interrogates the relation of leisure to subjective well-being by focusing on the language-based challenges during empirical research, which deeply impact upon both the substance of the ...data collected and its interpretation, thereby the knowledge that is produced on leisure. Drawing upon the empirical data collected via qualitative methods, the article seizes on the relationship between women's free-time, labour, leisure and subjective well-being. The findings of the research suggest that the translation of leisure as 'free time activities' in Turkish creates serious challenges in researching women's leisure. Women in this research understand leisure in multiple ways, such as an escape from boredom, a sphere of recuperation, pleasure and self-fulfilment which altogether represent their understanding of leisure as a route to their subjective well-being. Building on these findings, the article aims to highlight the importance of ethnographically guided qualitative research in uncovering both the meanings of and the interdependence between leisure and subjective well-being in both Turkey, the focus of the study, and other comparable societies around the world.
Previous research has shown that after-work free-time activities can enhance employees' work engagement and positively affect their general well-being and health. This study investigates whether the ...anticipation of an after-work free-time activity boosts employees' work engagement. Building on the conservation of resources (COR) theory, we assumed that employees' pleasant anticipation of an after-work free-time activity positively relates to work engagement within and between persons. Furthermore, we examined the moderating role of recovery-related self-efficacy (RRSE). In Study 1, 85 employees completed three questionnaires (morning, noon, and afternoon) on one workday, and we expanded the design to a one-week diary in Study 2 (N = 56). Findings from (hierarchical) linear modeling supported the positive relationship between pleasant anticipation and work engagement between but not within persons. Moreover, RRSE was not found to be a moderator. Overall, our study demonstrated that employees vary in their pleasant anticipation, partly explaining differences in work engagement.
The increasing prevalence of obesity is among the most relevant healthcare issues in Europe. The number of overweight people rises due to lifestyle changes, increased sitting activities, and less ...physical activity. Prevention in early childhood is paramount to stop this alarming trend.
This study primarily aimed to evaluate the average time children (3-5 years) from rural and urban Austrian regions spent engaging in physical activity and sedentary behaviors in their free-time. Additionally, we investigated the potential correlation between duration and habits of free-time activity or place of residence and age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI). The potential impact of socio-economic factors on BMI was examined.
Urban (Vienna) and rural (Carinthia) regions of Austria were chosen for this observational cross-sectional study. Preschool children (n=130) attending nurseries in these regions were included. Weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. Free-time activity and socio-economic data were asked using a self-administered questionnaire. Data on sedentary behavior time (sedentary activity and media consumption) and physical activity time (defined as organized or spontaneous exercise) were analyzed using non-parametric tests.
Preschool children spent approximately as many hours of their free-time engaged in physical activity as in sedentary behaviors. Time trend in media consumption amounts to one-third of the cumulative time spent engaging in sedentary behaviors. Preschoolers from the urban area spent fewer hours practicing organized exercise and more in sedentary behaviors than peers in the rural area. In the selected areas, 7 % of preschoolers were overweight, 3.9 % were obese. BMI was not associated with free-time activities but showed a trendwise negative correlation with organized exercise. A positive correlation of age and organized exercise was observed but not with physical activity per se.
Our results confirm the necessity of preventive interventions among Austrian preschoolers and lead to a better understanding of their free-time activities. Further investigations with larger study populations are needed to promote effective childhood obesity prevention and examine the differences regarding obesity prevalence and leisure-time activity between rural and urban areas.
The valid measurement of children’s life satisfaction is key for subsequent analysis and policy recommendations. It has been demonstrated that individuals use different scales in (self-)reports which ...leads to misleading results. In this study we focus on the analysis of life satisfaction self-reports among children with differences in the following characteristics: family, school, and free-time activities. Using the anchoring vignette method, we analyze differences in response scale usage among the groups and the impact of these differences on the comparison of life satisfaction among the groups. Our sample (
N
= 3737) is a representative sample of 5th graders (11 year-olds) in the Czech Republic. After adjustment for differential scale usage, children’s life satisfaction is significantly positively related to being female, having a father at home, having good school grades, spending time with friends and the level of education they expect to attain. It is significantly negatively linked to preparing for hard admission exams and time spent playing computer games. The adjustment for response scale differences substantially changes the comparison of different groups. The most significant change is for gender – after correction girls’ life satisfaction is significantly higher while before correction it is the opposite. Before adjustment the differences between some groups are underestimated – children with excellent grades, living with their father and spending at least some time with friends have a higher level of life satisfaction after adjustment in comparison to other children. We recommend examining the differences in scale usage among different cultures, countries and groups in children’s life satisfaction research.
In our article we deal with leisure activities and travel habits of 150 college students from Szolnok. We have analyzed the relationship between the frequencies of watching TV, that is: the time ...spent watching TV and doing sports. Furthermore, we have also investigated the frequencies of travels, and main motives of choosing travel destinations. We have found that college students have several hours of leisure time daily. Among the recreational activities, the ones that occurred predominantly are watching TV, doing sports, and travelling. It is interesting to note that the relationship between the frequency of watching TV and doing sports has not been significant while the relationship between watching TV occasionally and doing regular physical activity has turned out to be significant. Students who play sports for 1-2 hours a day spend significantly less time in front of the TV compared to their peers who do not do sports. 92% of the students travel at least once a year. The participants of youth tourism are quite price-conscious. In choosing travel destinations favorable prices play an important role.
In this paper I would like toexplain how students of first grade (12years old) and last (eighth) grade (19 yearsold) at one grammar school in Pilsen regionunderstand their gender in connectionwith ...free time activities and interests. Freetime activities and interests are importantpart of human life. It is connected with allcomponents of our life. It means we cansuppose that gender stereotypes will exist inarea of interests and free time activities too.The aim of this work was to understand andexplain how gender stereotypes are producedand repeated. I decided for mixed methodsresearch design. First of my results is that forparticipants free time and interests are notthe same thing. Second of main results is thatin area of interests and hobbies are producedand repeated gender stereotypes. However theparticipants have never said it in the interview.The positive result of this research is howgender stereotypes could be deconstructed. Itis possible thanks to personal experience withuntypical interest according to gender. Thisexperience was shared through interactionswith others and it brought positive changes ofopinions.
Using focus group (N = 114) and survey (N = 946) data, this study employed self-determination theory (SDT) as an organizing framework to examine free-time use and motivation among predominantly ...mixed-race adolescents from one area in South Africa. Adolescents reported participating in a broad range of activities, with socializing, media use, sports, risk behaviour and performing arts being the most frequently mentioned. All of the motivation types proposed by SDT were spontaneously mentioned by focus group participants. Free time was most strongly characterized by intrinsic motivations, such as competence, relatedness and positive affect. Activities were also seen as a way to achieve outside goals. With few exceptions, multiple motivations were identified for the same activities, and specific motivations were reported across multiple activity types. The findings suggest that positive motivational experiences were not limited to a specific subset of activities. However, future longitudinal research on participation, motivation and outcomes is needed to determine the developmental implications of different forms of free-time motivation.
The paper deals with common activity parents and children as one of the effective educational instruments developing ing diverse kinds of activities and the favourable emotional climate in family. ...continues the previously published text cational interaction of parents and and its transformations" that is supplied by further research data. The results brought tual data concerning the proportion of monly executed activities in adolescent and girls with their parents and proposed conditions for their effective implementation. It shows that favourable emotional relations of parents and adolescents are important for the implementation of common activities. Common activity of parents and children represents an important socialization and educational factor. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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