How did the hierarchy of the world-system adapt to the impact of the 2008–09 global economic crisis? How did a country's position in the world-system influence their upward mobility during the ...crisis? This paper investigates the core/periphery hierarchy of the global trade network before and after the 2008–09 crisis. The central argument posits that the global trade network follows a core/periphery hierarchy in relation to the new international division of labor (NIDL) in the twenty-first century, and a country's placement within that hierarchy had a varying effect on their upward mobility following the 2008–09 crisis. Utilizing social network analysis of 191 countries engaged in global trade, I discover that the core/periphery structure remained unchanged after the 2008–09 global financial crisis, although many countries in intermediate positions experienced upward shifts. However, not all countries were able to achieve upward mobility, indicating that only a few semi-peripheral and peripheral countries were better positioned to improve their status compared to most non-core countries.
Fundamental economic and political changes at the beginning of 2022 force us to revise or refine traditional approaches to issues of national economic development. The growing conflict leads to the ...fact that attention to the Arctic as a region is constantly increasing. The risks of economic interference of non-Arctic countries in the affairs of Russia have significantly increased. The ecology of the Arctic is becoming the subject of international speculation.
An economic crisis is the occurrence of incidents suddenly and unexpectedly in an economy which affects the economy in a negative way. Various policies are implemented to reduce the negative effects ...of economic crises. Tax policies are one of the these policies. The financial crisis, which occurred in the USA in 2008, grew apace by way of securities and obtained global qualification. The crisis has spread in Turkey through foreign trade, credit and confidence rather than financial instruments. It has come to exist as reel crisis and it has led to disrupt of economic indicators. Initially, monetary policy measures have been taken against the crisis. However, the measures have not been adequate to decrease adverse effects of the crisis. Therefore, fiscal policies, mainly tax policies, have been appealed to. The tax policies implemented in this period were implemented as Value Added Tax and Special Consumption Tax reductions for the sectors most affected by the crisis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of reduction.
Crisis Resistance of Tourist Demand Bronner, Fred; de Hoog, Robert
Journal of travel research,
02/2016, Volume:
55, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This article addresses tourist demand during the persisting economic downturn between 2008 and 2013, within the context of expenditures on other consumer goods, taking into account different types of ...vacations and focusing on the “why” of the development of this demand over time. The research approach is a micro-analysis of data that are partly longitudinal and partly cross-sectional. The findings show that holidays, in particular the main summer holiday, can be positioned closer to being a necessary good than to being a luxury good, at least during an economic downturn. Many vacationers are prepared to sacrifice expenditures on a variety of products just so as to keep on going on holiday. The major explanation is the high essentiality of vacations for a better quality of life. The influence of income and personal economic situation on tourist demand at the micro-level during an economic downturn is relatively minor or nonexistent.
The new quality of globalization, which has emerged in the last decade and encompasses drastic changes in the economic, political and technological spheres, gives rise to a number of phenomena that ...violate the traditional logic of historical progress. One of them is the metamorphosis of the world economic cyclicity that emerged during the global 2020 economic crisis and led to a radical change in its nature, driving forces and regulatory mechanisms. The paper reveals the prerequisites for the crisis caused by traditional and emerging factors and proves its pandemic nature, which manifests itself, on one hand, in the synchronization of national business cycles, and on the other – in the integrative mutual influence of its political, institutional and environmental components. It has been proven that a particularly destructive role in the global regulatory mechanism was played by the “overlap” in space and time of the economic crisis and the health crisis provoked by the coronavirus pandemic. This requires an urgent systematic reform of global countercyclical management institutions based on a gestalt paradigm, which is qualitatively different in principles, goals and tools from the existing mechanisms for managing national economies and multinational enterprises. Scenario forecasts of the post-pandemic future of the world economy through overcoming the growing disintegration and deglobalization trends are outlined.
Consumer frustration over having less money in their pockets and, at the same time facing higher prices for products and services in the marketplace, arises during turbulent economic times (e.g., ...post-2007). Sellers suffer increased costs and pass along increases by raising prices to consumers. The current article discusses trends in the pricing literature and in practice that sellers utilize in limiting perceptions of price unfairness, particularly when increasing price in turbulent economic times. Specifically, engaging in transparency in pricing by revealing information about price changes to the consumer during poor economic times potentially reduces perceptions of price unfairness. Using industry-common price-setting practices, shrinking product volume, providing automatic rebates promotions, or offering price-matching promotions also likely reduces perceptions of price unfairness.
Economic history shows that the economy (social reproduction) does not develop straight, balanced and without delay. On the contrary, since 1825, there are ups and downs in the flows of social ...reproduction. After the rapid growth in gross domestic product, the increase in investment in production, the increase in profit margins, employment, the level of capacity utilization, suddenly there is a decrease in gross domestic product, bankruptcy of firms, decrease in employment, falling profit margin, Thus, social reproduction from the rise or expansion rapidly enters a fall or contraction, from falling to ascent, i.e. it moves in a zigzag line, and this is called cyclical movement of social reproduction (economy). In the economy, therefore, there is a continuous shift of one economic (business) cycle to others.
This editorial illuminates the evidence of how human and social rights and diversity gains at work are under attack in the aftermath of the global economic crisis and in times of austerity. We ...provide a brief overview of the six articles in this issue, which draw upon a wide range of theories and engage with different, but in many ways connected, issues pertinent to human and social right, diversity and equality in the light of the economic crisis and austerity. The editorial concludes discussing a number of dilemmas and problematic issues that remain despite the increased scholarly attention to the threat to human and social rights and diversity gains at work in current times. Lastly, we offer recommendations to how diversity advocates can develop new approaches and strategies in order to resist the current threat to the diversity agenda internationally.
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