A noção de engajamento com o comum pavimenta e sinaLiza o caminho epistemológico e político, que pode viabilizar a comunicação entre diferentes formas de luta com potencial contra-hegemónico na ...disputa contra a hegemonia do capital, o comum capitalista. Este ensaio possui como principal objetivo desenvolver reflexáo epistemológica, discussao política e fundamentaçâo teórica para categorizar o comum. A partir desse objetivo central, propomos e desenvolvemos quatro níveis ou subcategorias do comum, que implicam as disputas por hegemonía: o comum natural, o comum do conhecimento, o comum cultural e o comum político. O nivel económico e de classe, determinante em última instancia, atravessa o conceito em seus diferentes níveis de compreensao e existencia. Metodológicamente, o estudo possui centralidade na teoría crítica, realiza pesquisa bibliográfica e utiliza o método materialista dialético. A forma ensaio caracteriza o método de escrita.
The period of colonial and neo-colonial domination of Anglophone and a bunch of other Western Europe countries is going to its very end. The collapse of Soviet Union by 1990 made possible the ...development of USA hegemony and with Eastward expansion of its military brunch NATO. In spite of human capital of EU it managed to become vassal to US, grace to incompetence and corruption of its leaders. In the modern era, powered by computer revolution, the economic gap between western Caucasian race dominated states and rest of the planet shrinks, and national “Brain Power” of each nation become the driving power for progress, prosperity and obvious for a multi-polar world. Confronted to this new reality, US makes extraordinary efforts to maintain its hegemony and status quo using the entire arsenal of political, economic and military assets, with disdain for morality or fairness for effectiveness reasons. In contradiction to a reasonable approach of the problem, understanding the roots of the difference in National Brain Power , and take necessary corrections, while integrating in the new world order as a smart power, US under military industrial stake holders pressure, decided to use its military assets, in which it invested $1tn every year, and to push the world towards a path of the and destruction, at the opposite of the path of cooperation and development the new emerging powers are proposing, that for sure is prone to a bd finality, accelerating the decay of the “western civilization capitalist model.
This work illustrates the gender discourse in Lolita fashion. Lolita clothing is a kind of clothing in ancient European style which is adapted by Japanese designers, and Lolita subculture is ...cultivated by mass as a result of its popularity. Most of its enthusiasts are female, thus it will be beneficial to the development of female subculture if the gender discourse signified by Lolita fashion is analyzed thoroughly. Based on Gramsci’s “hegemony” theory, this paper analyzes the male hegemony, female resistance and their “negotiation” in texts about Lolita fashion. They are divided into two categories, one is ideological and related to man’s gaze, another is economic and related to division of labor between sexes. It is concluded that Lolita fashion or subculture is a field of “negotiation” between male chauvinism and female resistance. These two discourses tend to compromise with each other, while it is still difficult to tell which one is dominant at present.
Among the systemic analysis of American national power, its hegemony over trade has long been categorized as a "low politics" topic. The conventional systemic approach is increasingly challenged by ...the perspective of power. For these reasons, American hegemony over trade is often treated as a tool or a carrier of American hegemony over economics or finance, and it is seldom treated as a source and objective of American national power, not to mention any specialized research targeting its inherent logic just for trade's sake. By drawing on the perspective of power and with the help of Albert Otto Hirschman research on the nexus between international trade and national power, this article intends to 1) identify the most distinguish characteristics of American hegemony over trade; 2) construct a theoretical framework composed of market logic and state logic according to the characteristics found previously; 3) provide a new explanation for the establishment and operation of American hegemony over trade.
This book examines the concept of regional power in international relations. Using the emerging powers of India and South Africa as the case studies, it explores how regional powers simultaneously ...differ and share common features.
The book develops a method to classify and evaluate different types of regional powers and applies this typology to contemporary case studies of India and South Africa. Regional power is often expected to have a positive influence on region-specific problems of conflict, economic deprivation and political instability. In reality, an 'achievement-expectations gap' can be seen in many regional powers, which can be analysed and understood through observable variation in regional power. The author discovers that in addition to the management of the internal regional order, regional powers have to establish individuality whilst fitting into the global international environment, altering both regional dynamics and creating variance in the level of control within the region. Elucidating concepts and definitions, this book is an accessible and in-depth study that both introduces key concepts and provides a framework for the future study of regional power in international relations.
Redefining Regional Power in International Relations will be of interest to students and scholars of regionalism and international relations.
This article analyzes the invention of a "Paulista tradition" in the literary universe of Sao Paulo and its reproduction on the basis of new narrators, in the sports pages of bandeirante press, in ...defense of the superiority of Sao Paulo over the Rio de Janeiro in the development of football in Brazil. Hegemony mentioned in the sports pages of Piratininga, because of the first football matches involving the Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro selected by promoting a pulsating regional rivalry that so marked the early years of football in the two capitals. Keywords: History; Football; Sports Press; Sao Paulo. Segundo Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz, nao se pode perder de vista que, naquele jogo de poder, o passado paulistano era determinado pelos interesses políticos do presente, na crescente Cidade de Sao Paulo de Piratininga, de homens como Pedro Taques que, por aspirar ao cargo de vereador, concentrava-se na genealogia dos "homens bons", de sangue limpo e profissoes dignas, que legitimavam sua entäo candidatura ao cargo. Sao Paulo, n. 13, p. 78-87, mar-abr-mai 1992. Revista USP, Sao Paulo, n. 65, mar/mai 2005.
There is a fitting personal aspect to this commentary as it allows me to take up once more the threads of a conversation with Tony Allan from some 25 years ago, when we were colleagues at SOAS. The ...phrase "sanctioned discourse" came up in that conversation, but the setting probably did not allow for greater elaboration at the time. Sanctioned is one of those curious words that has two, in some respects opposing, senses or at least connotations.
This thesis seeks to determine the relationship between wage labour as a social relation and hegemony (broadly conceived) as a system of asymmetrical power relations. It argues that wage labour is a ...'hegemonic structure' fundamental to capitalist social relations and for this reason is crucial to accounts of hegemony in a number of ways. The dissertation articulates this thesis from two 'directions', that build from engagements with two different theoretical fields: hitherto studies of hegemony on the one hand and theories of the capitalist wage labour process on the other. Firstly it attempts to construct an account of hegemony that coherently includes wage labour by speaking to what I perceive to be a lacuna in the field of study: a sustained engagement with wage labour as a crucial component of capitalist societies and a fortiori any hegemony - or hegemonic situation - that occurs within them. This gap in the field betrays a lack of history in accounts of modern power in (capitalist) societies but also a general neglect of economic logics and their specificity. Secondly, and from the reverse 'direction' of argument, the project aims to contribute to an account of wage labour within capitalist social relations by bringing the categories taken from the analysis of hegemony (coercion, consent, organic intellectuals, sedimentation, etc.) to bear on the analysis of the labour process itself, and also by situating the wage labour process within (the wider) mechanisms of hegemony (that operate at larger scales of social relations). The thesis uses the UK as the context through which the arguments are expounded. The thesis concludes with a selection of possible directions for future research, based on the ground established in the foregoing chapters.
The main purpose of this thesis is to analyse the relationship between financialization and the decline of hegemonic powers. While dominant views in the literature suggest that financialization leads ...to the decline of hegemonic powers based on historical comparison of the British hegemony between 1870-1890 and American hegemony between 1970-1990, this research argues these two cases are both conceptually and qualitatively different. There are three main shortcomings of the literature. First, they offer state-centric explanations of the decline of hegemonic powers. Second, they separate economics and politics. And finally, the role of ideology is overlooked. Conceptualizing financialization from a neo-Gramscian theoretical framework and rethinking the decline of hegemonic powers through this framework offers a holistic understanding of the congruence between financialization and the decline of hegemonic powers. The main argument of this thesis is that class struggle causes financialization which causes the decline of the hegemonic historical bloc but only if financialization occurs as an outward movement. In this respect, this research offers a fresh conceptualization of financialization as outward and inward financialization. The outward financialization that British hegemony has experienced result in the decline of the hegemonic historical bloc, the inward financialization of the American hegemony during the 1970s resulted in the reconfiguration of social forces in the US and the expansion of neoliberal social relations of production under the aegis of American hegemony. Overall, this research focuses on the period of 1870-1890 and 1970-1990 with a specific focus on the change in the social relations of production, ideology, and institutions from a neo-Gramscian theoretical framework that allows considering the special relationship between the state and civil society as well as the economic and political.
