ABSTRACT Purple-fleshed sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) have gained attention from producers and consumers for their nutritional values and high levels of anthocyanins. This study aimed to evaluate the ...adaptability and stability of these genotypes in producing regions of Brazil with AMMI and WAASB methodologies. The recently released purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Anembé and BRS Cotinga, along with four purple-fleshed advanced clones (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402, and BGBD1405), and the cultivars Brazlândia Roxa and Beauregard as controls, were evaluated in eight environments using a complete randomized block design with four replications. The roots were evaluated on yield, appearance, insect damage, and shape traits. The new purple-fleshed cultivars BRS Cotinga and BRS Anembé stood out in their higher root yield, good root shape and weight, expressive resistance to insect damage, and adaptability to environments with higher yield potential. Additionally, ‘BRS Anembé’ also showed a favorable root appearance. The cultivar Beauregard was the most susceptible to insect damage while ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ demonstrated the highest resistance.
RESUMO Batatas-doces (Ipomoea batatas) de polpa roxa têm chamado a atenção de produtores e consumidores por seu valor nutricional e altos teores de antocianinas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de batata-doce de polpa roxa em regiões produtoras do Brasil utilizando as metodologias AMMI e WAASB. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Anembé e BRS Cotinga juntamente com quatro clones avançados de polpa roxa (BGBD0080, BGBD1399, BGBD1402 e BGBD1405), e as cultivares testemunha Brazlândia Roxa e Beauregard, foram avaliados em oito ambientes usando delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Na colheita, as raízes foram avaliadas quanto ao rendimento, aparência, danos causados por insetos e características de formato. As novas cultivares de polpa roxa BRS Cotinga e BRS Anembé destacaram-se pela maior produtividade de raízes, bom formato e peso de raízes, expressiva resistência a danos causados por insetos, e adaptabilidade a ambientes com maior potencial produtivo. Adicionalmente, ‘BRS Anembé’ também apresentou aparência de raiz favorável. A cultivar Beauregard mostrou-se mais suscetível a danos causados por insetos, enquanto ‘Brazlândia Roxa’ apresentou a maior resistência.
ABSTRACT Biostimulants are chemical or biological components adopted to improve nutrient uptake/efficiency and tolerance to abiotic stresses in crops. We studied three biostimulants (Stimulate®, ...tryptophol and Bacillus subtilis C-3102) associated to two sanitizers (sodium hypochlorite or thymol), on initial growth of propagules of Arracacia xanthorrhiza. Sodium hypochlorite associated to B. subtilis improve the leaf gas exchange, furthermore this treatment showed greater root volume. The interaction among sodium hypochlorite and tryptophol improves the plant branching; in addition this association showed better results for root dry mass. Different biostimulants improve differently the arracacha organs development, hence it is necessary to evaluate the plant morphophysiological competence to apply the correct biostimulant and sanitizer.
RESUMO Bioestimulantes são produtos químicos ou biológicos que melhoram a absorção ou eficiência dos nutrientes e a tolerância contra estresses abióticos em cultivos. Foram estudados três bioestimulantes (Stimulate®, tryptofol e Bacillus subtilis C-3102) e dois sanitizantes (hipocloclorito de sódio ou timol), sobre o crescimento inicial de Arracacia xanthorrhiza. Hipoclorito de sódio associado ao B. subtilis melhoram as trocas gasosas e induzem maior volume de raiz. A interação entre hipoclorito de sódio e triptofol aprimorou a ramificação das hastes e a biomassa seca das raízes. Diferentes bioestimulantes agem diferentemente sobre o desenvolvimento dos órgãos de batata baroa; portanto é necessário avaliar a competência morfofisiológica da planta para aplicar o bioestimulante e sanitizante correto.
ABSTRACT Driven by the growing demand for good quality food, agriculture is changing the way of cultivation to attend consumer’s expectations. In addition to the nutritional value, the production ...system has been an important factor in the consumer’s intention to purchase products. In this scenario, this work aimed to evaluate the effects of different nutrient sources on production characteristics and nutritional quality of 'Veneranda' lettuce. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with seven treatments (control, bokashi, organic compost, mineral fertilizer, mineral fertilizer + organic compost, foliar biofertilizer and soil biofertilizer), and five replications. In commercial vegetative stage, lettuce was harvested and evaluated for physical, physicochemical, bioactive compounds and mineral composition. Lettuce produced with mineral and organomineral fertilizers showed the highest yield of physical characteristics, which is related to the highest nitrogen content in their leaves. The use of organomineral fertilization, organic and mineral compost and biofertilizer via leaf application presented a positive effect on lettuce cultivation, with better nutritional quality and productivity.
RESUMO Impulsionada pela crescente demanda por alimentos de boa qualidade, a agricultura está mudando a forma de cultivo para atender às expectativas dos consumidores. Além do valor nutritivo, o sistema de produção tem sido um fator importante na intenção de compra dos consumidores. Diante desse cenário, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes fontes de nutrientes nas características de produção e qualidade nutricional da alface Veneranda. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos casualizados, com sete tratamentos (controle, bokashi, composto orgânico, fertilizante mineral, fertilizante mineral + composto orgânico, biofertilizante via foliar e biofertilizante via solo) e cinco repetições. No estádio vegetativo comercial, a alface foi colhida e avaliada quanto a aspectos físicos, físico-químicos, compostos bioativos e composição mineral. As alfaces produzidas com fertilizantes minerais e organomineral apresentaram o maior rendimento das características físicas, o que está relacionado ao maior teor de nitrogênio em suas folhas. A utilização de adubação organomineral, composto orgânico e mineral e biofertilizante via foliar apresentou efeito positivo no cultivo da alface, com melhor qualidade nutricional e produtividade.
Environmental pollution, food sufficiency, and health are among the main challenges for sustainable crop production in Mexico. The main tool for plant protection is chemical pesticides, but ...environmental safety and risks to animal and human health have prompted the community and scientists to propose alternatives for their integrated management. This has encouraged the inclusion of biological products, such as species of the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma spp., which act against pests and pathogens in different crops, and are environmentally benign, effective and economically viable. The aim of this paper was to compile information on Trichoderma spp. regarding their taxonomy, ecology, use as biological control, isolation, culture, morphological and molecular identification, mode of action, distribution of native species, and availability of international commercial products and those produced in Mexico. For this purpose, information was selected from indexed journals and suppliers of Trichoderma spp. on open data digital platforms. The exposed information could be useful for Mexican farmers, to know, accept and use biological control with Trichodermaspp. in their crops, for the benefit of quality agriculture and pesticide-free crops. In addition, research could be generated to develop new autochthonous products based on Trichodermaspp. that are more effective against pests and diseases native to Mexico.
Solanum demissum Lindl. in potato breeding Díaz-García, Gabriela; Enciso-Maldonado, Guillermo Andrés; Lozoya-Saldaña, Héctor
Revista Chapingo. Serie horticultura,
12/2023, Volume:
29, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Abstract Solanum demissum Lindl. is one of the most valued and used species for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding due to its richness in genes for resistance to various biotic and abiotic ...factors. Over the years, it has been a plant of interest, mainly for its resistance to potato late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary.), which has led to crosses between S. demissum and S. tuberosum to obtain resistant cultivars. It has also been used for identifying physiological races of P. infestans and, recently, it has been associated with glycoalkaloids and antioxidant compounds, whose potential uses are of interest to various industries. Since there is great potential in the species S. demissum, not only as a source of resistance genes but also as a source of important bioactive compounds, this review summarizes the research conducted on the use of Solanum demissum in the breeding of cultivated potato, as well as its potential uses in other areas. In addition, areas of opportunity and limitations for breeding for resistance to late blight are highlighted to serve as a starting point for the development of new research or lines.
