Provision of effective taxi cruising recommendation strategy is vital to drivers for improving their profit and reducing taxi exhaust emissions. This paper focuses on the problem of mining ...environmental benefits from the taxi cruising recommendation strategy while maximizing the profit of drivers. With abundant global position system (GPS) trajectories of taxis in Beijing, China, passenger hotspots are identified by density-based spatial clustering of application with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, including weekdays and weekends. Then, spatio-temporal patterns of passenger hotspots as well as idleness emissions are analyzed and visualized based on the geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Based on spatio-temporal patterns of passenger hotspots and emissions under the idleness state, a profitable taxi cruising recommendation strategy is proposed to quantify and analyze the environmental benefits in terms of empty emissions. The results show that the proposed strategy significantly outperforms the current method by reducing idleness emissions 19.6% and 31.7% on the weekday and weekend, respectively. The results also appear to demonstrate that the proposed strategy is an effective approach in energy conservation and emission reduction.
•A taxi cruising recommendation strategy is proposed to mine environmental benefits.•CO, VOC, and NOx are estimated using GPS trajectory of taxis in Beijing, China.•The spatio-temporal patterns of hotspots and idleness emissions are visualized.•The strategy reduces idleness emissions 19.6% and 31.7% on the weekday and weekend.•The strategy is an effective approach in energy conservation and emission reduction.
El presente artículo tiene por intención principal dilucidar las distinciones y relaciones conceptuales que existen entre labor, trabajo y ocio, en el pensamiento de Hannah Arendt y Walter Benjamin, ...a modo de esclarecer cómo los posicionamientos de ambos autores contribuyen a la crítica de la concepción del trabajo moderno. Para ello, será necesario exponer los matices conceptuales de la obra de Arendt, a saber, la distinción entre trabajo y labor, con el fin de trazar las diferencias y puntos de encuentro con las reflexiones de Benjamin en torno a los cambios traídos como consecuencia del auge del capitalismo industrial y en la experiencia del ocio. Entre estos matices, esclarecimientos y contrastes, es preciso no solo destacar la importancia de la relación e influencia de ambos autores, sino su vigencia en las problemáticas sociales contemporáneas al respecto
The main intention of this article is to elucidate the distinctions and conceptual relationships between labor, work, and leisure, in the thought of Hannah Arendt and Walter Benjamin, to clarify how the positions of both authors contribute to the critique of the conception of modern work. It will be necessary to expose the conceptual nuances of Arendt's thought, the distinction between work and labor, to trace the differences and meeting points with Benjamin's reflections on the consequence of industrial capitalism and the leisure experience. Among such nuances, clarifications, and contrasts, it is necessary to clarify the importance of the relationship and influence of both authors and their validity in contemporary social problems about work, labor, and leisure
Cloud datacentre resources and the arriving jobs are addressed to be exhibiting increased level of heterogeneity. A single Cloud job may encompass one to several number of tasks, such tasks usually ...exhibit increased level of behavioural heterogeneity though they belong to the same job. Such behavioural heterogeneity are usually evident among the level of resource consumption, resource intensiveness, task duration etc. These task behavioural heterogeneity within jobs impose various complications in achieving an effective energy efficient management of the Cloud jobs whilst processing them in the server resources. To this end, this paper investigates the impacts of the task level behavioural heterogeneity upon energy efficiency whilst the tasks within given jobs are executed in Cloud datacentres. Real-life Cloud trace logs have been investigated to exhibit the impacts of task heterogeneity from three different perspectives including the task execution trend and task termination pattern, the presence of few proportions of resource intensive and long running tasks within jobs. Furthermore, the energy implications of such straggling tasks within jobs have been empirically exhibited. Analysis conducted in this study demonstrates that Cloud jobs are extremely heterogeneous and tasks behave distinctly under different execution instances, and the presence of energy-aware long tail stragglers within jobs can significantly incur extravagant level of energy expenditures.
•Behavioural heterogeneity of Cloud workloads during execution have been identified.•Task classification within jobs have been defined for benefitting energy efficiency.•Energy implications of the defined task groups have been empirically exhibited.
Spontaneous urban beaches are contemporary public spaces where city dwellers behave as if they were on the beach, although these places have not been apparently planned for this purpose. Such urban ...public spaces, often located along the waterside, reflect the emergence of a new approach to body and idleness in the public realm on the one hand, and the trend of functional diversion and spontaneous appropriation of the city on the other hand. This paper sheds light on the identification of the spatio-temporal, socio-cultural and political conditions of the emergence of a spontaneous beach situation in the urban environment. To do so, we have conducted an in-situ field survey in the city of Nantes in the summer of 2018, followed by a survey work out of beach situations, conducted with city dwellers and public officials of the city in 2019.
Power and energy consumption are becoming key challenges for the supercomputers' exascale race. HPC systems' processors waist active power during communication and synchronization among the MPI ...processes in large-scale HPC applications. However, due to the time scale at which communication happens, transitioning into low-power states while waiting for the completion of each communication may introduce unacceptable overhead. In this article, we present COUNTDOWN, a run-time library for identifying and automatically reducing the power consumption of the CPUs during communication and synchronization. COUNTDOWN saves energy without penalizing the time-to-completion by lowering CPUs power consumption only during idle times for which power state transition overhead is negligible. This is done transparently to the user, without requiring labor-intensive and error-prone application code modifications, nor requiring recompilation of the application. We test our methodology on a production Tier-1 system. For the NAS benchmarks, COUNTDOWN saves between 6 and 50 percent energy, with a time-to-solution penalty lower than 5 percent. In a complete production-Quantum ESPRESSO-for a 3.5K cores run, COUNTDOWN saves 22.36 percent energy, with a performance penalty below 3 percent. Energy saving increases to 37 percent with a performance penalty of 6.38 percent, if the application is executed without communication tuning.
Picaresque stories of the 16th-17th centuries were developed in Spain in the midst of a difficult socio-political and economic context. Picaros are commonly presented as children marked by the weight ...of their origins and who must fend for themselves in the face of adversity, supporting themselves through work, theft and other expedients. The aim is to better understand how the vital wanderings of these heroes of fringe convey various societal issues related to both the evolution of the conception of idleness, between otium and negotium, and that of sociability.
ABSTRACT The consumption of saline water in semiarid regions is a recurrent situation that can affect the ingestive behavior of small ruminants. This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of Santa ...Inês sheep maintained in a climatic chamber under two air temperatures -25 °C within the thermal comfort zone (TCZ) and 32 °C above the TCZ - and consuming water with three levels of salinity - 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 dS m-1. The experimental design was completely randomized in 2 × 3 factorial schemes, comprising two air temperatures and drinking water with three levels of salinity, in six replicates (animals). Regardless of air temperature, the consumption of saline water did not affect feed and water intake by the sheep; however, there was a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water intake as air temperature increased. Feed and water intake; feeding, rumination, and idle times; defecation frequency; and fecal production were not affected (P > 0.05) by the water salinity levels, whereas reduction in feed intake, feeding time, and rumination time and an increase in water intake and idle time were observed as air temperature increased. In summary, increasing air temperature negatively affected the ingestive behavior of the animals; however, water with salinity up to 8.0 dS m-1 did not affect their ingestive behavior and hence could be used for drinking.
The most common measure of waiting time is the overall expected waiting time for service. However, in service networks the perception of waiting may also depend on how it is distributed among ...different stations. Therefore, reducing the probability of a long wait at any station may be important in improving customers' perception of service quality. In a single-station queue it is known that the policy that minimizes the waiting time and the probability of long waits is nonidling. However, this is not necessarily the case for queueing networks with several stations. We present a family of threshold-based policies (TBPs) that strategically idle some stations. We demonstrate the advantage of strategically idling by applying TBP in a network with two single-server queues in tandem. We provide closed form results for the special case where the first station has infinite capacity and develop efficient algorithms when this is not the case. We compare TBPs with the nonidling and Kanban policies, and we discuss when a TBP is advantageous. Using simulation, we demonstrate that the analytical insights for the two-station case hold for a three-station serial queue as well.
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