This article presents a proof‐of‐concept designer‐in‐the‐loop schematic map drawing tool, based on the marriage of two approaches—manual and automated, which provides the technical interactivity of ...drawing tools between the user and the computer. We focus on concentric circle maps as opposed to the commonly used orthogonal mode representation, which is suggested by previous studies that it could promote better network learning. In comparison with existing methods, the proposed method is more compatible with the framework of effective map design from psychological and aesthetic perspectives, and a range of options can be provided in conjunction with users' preferences. We evaluated our approach on a set of iterations with case studies of Hong Kong metro with a group of three co‐authors from the fields of geography, transport engineering, and education.
Summary
When Marshallia grandiflora Beadle & F.E. Boynton was featured in this magazine with illustrations by Christabel King (Smith & Shine, 1998), they wonderfully represented the application of ...the binomial as understood at that time, but we now know the plant illustrated to be Marshallia pulchra W. Knapp, D.B. Poind. & Weakley, described in 2020. Photographs of the habitat of Marshallia pulchra and an account of its ecology are given.
A remarkable journey through Chinese medical illustrations from the earliest illustrated manuscripts to advertising and comic books. Senior and emerging scholars from Asia, Europe and the Americas ...rethink the history of medicine, its epistemologies and materialities, challenging Eurocentric narratives.
Background
Previous studies have shown that dynamic illustrations, as compared to their static counterparts, lead to higher achievement levels, especially for hand‐based procedures. Other researchers ...have investigated how the presence of seductive details (i.e., appealing but irrelevant adjunct displays) influences students' interest positively but their learning negatively.
Objectives
The purpose of the two present studies was to investigate the effects of animated versus static presentations, combined with the presence of seductive details, on student performance on a paper‐folding task (i.e., origami) in a naturalistic school environment.
Methods
Fifty‐five children (5–6 years old) participated in the first study and were randomly assigned to one of four groups. The second study was conducted with older children (72 s or third graders) and a more complex origami task.
Results and Conclusions
In the first study, results demonstrated negative effects of seductive details on children's performance and time on task, but no effects of presentation format. In the second study, no negative effects of seductive details on student achievement were found, but animated illustrations significantly improved children's performance and reduced time on task. However, seductive details tended to impair learning more greatly given the presence of static, as compared to animated, presentations. Task difficulties and pupils' ability to inhibit irrelevant information may explain these results.
Lay Description
What is already known about this topic
Seductive details negatively influence young children's performance.
Animated illustrations have been shown to improve students' learning for dynamic procedure.
What this paper adds
This is the first study investigating the influence of animated vs. static illustrations combined with seductive details on children's learning performance.
Animated illustrations improve children's performance for a challenging dynamic procedure.
Seductive details tended to impair more learning from static than from animated presentations.
Results are discussed in relation to the task's difficulty as well as students' ability to inhibit irrelevant information.
Implications for practitioners
Animated illustrations should be used when presenting dynamic procedures.
Instructors should use seductive details cautiously in pedagogical documents particularly when the task is difficult.
In this paper, we introduce original definitions of Smarandache ruled surfaces according to Frenet-Serret frame of a curve in E3. It concerns TN-Smarandache ruled surface, TB-Smarandache ruled ...surface, and NB-Smarandache ruled surface. We investigate theorems that give necessary and sufficient conditions for those special ruled surfaces to be developable and minimal. Furthermore, we present examples with illustrations.
Research conducted primarily during the 1970s and 1980s supported the assertion that carefully constructed text illustrations generally enhance learners' performance on a variety of text-dependent ...cognitive outcomes. Research conducted throughout the 1990s still strongly supports that assertion. The more recent research has extended pictures-in-text conclusions to alternative media and technological formats and has begun to explore more systematically the "whys," "whens," and "for whoms" of picture facilitation, in addition to the "whethers" and "how muchs." Consideration is given here to both more and less conventional types of textbook illustration, with several "tenets for teachers" provided in relation to each type.
The cover illustration shows the machine learning‐based optimization and interpretation of radiation‐induced graft polymerizations under emulsion conditions based on realistic information for ...monomers calculated by the state‐of‐the‐art semiempirical method. Cover design by Kiho Matsubara. More information can be found in the Research Article by Kei Takahashi, Ryohei Kakuchi, and co‐workers.
Fuseli’s Milton Gallery challenges the antipictorial theories and canons of Romantic period culture. Between 1791 and 1799 Swiss painter Henry Fuseli turned Milton’s Paradise Lost into a series of 40 ...pictures. Fuseli’s project and other literary galleries developed within an expanding market for illustrated books and a culture of anthologization used to reading British and other ‘classics’ in terms of the visualization of key moments in the text. Thus transformed into repositories of virtual pictures literary texts became ideal sources of subjects for painters. Illustrating British literature was a way of inventing a national ‘grand style’ to fit the needs of a consumer society. Cale calls into question the separation of reading and viewing as autonomous aesthetic practices. To ‘turn readers into spectators’ meant to place readers and reading within the dizzying world of associations offered by an emerging culture of exhibitions. Attending to the energized reading effects developed by Fuseli’s Gallery we rediscover a new side of the Romantic imagination which is not the solitary mentalist experience preferred by Wordsworth and Coleridge, nor divorced from the senses, let alone a refuge from the crowded public spaces of the Revolutionary period. Rather, Fuseli’s embodied aesthetic exemplifies the associationist psychology espoused by the radical circle convening around the publisher Joseph Johnson, including Joseph Priestley and Mary Wollstonecraft. This book analyses exhibitions as important sites of Romantic sociability and one of many interrelated mediums for the literature, debates and controversies of the Revolutionary period.
•A multi-style framework for unsupervised image-to-illustration translation.•A multimodal model: it learns multiple diverse types of styles just by one model.•Our framework uses both local and global ...information.•It is both input specific and uses the information of other images.•MISS GAN shows a large diversity in its generated images.
Unsupervised style transfer that supports diverse input styles using only one trained generator is a challenging and interesting task in computer vision. This paper proposes a Multi-IlluStrator Style Generative Adversarial Network (MISS GAN) that is a multi-style framework for unsupervised image-to-illustration translation, which can generate styled yet content preserving images. The illustrations dataset is a challenging one since it is comprised of illustrations of seven different illustrators, hence contains diverse styles. Existing methods require to train several generators (as the number of illustrators) to handle the different illustrators’ styles, which limits their practical usage, or require to train an image specific network, which ignores the style information provided in other images of the illustrator. MISS GAN is both input image specific and uses the information of other images using only one trained model.
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