Buildings of an industrial nature dated from the 1950s through '80s are often quite interesting from the standpoint of typology, architecture and technology, and correspond to the development of ...technological industrial efforts of that era. Still, they sit on the periphery of professional interest, in both the Czech Republic and abroad. The topic of industrial architecture which existed by the 1950s is already positioned in the professional spheres on the research and protection of industrial heritage, as well as the methodological development of industrial heritage. Industrial archaeology usually deals only with the industrialization period, and at the same time is difficult for contemporary researchers to postpone the debate forward. Our contemporary research thus plays very important role in evaluation of a typical and atypical examples of industrial buildings of that time. We continually lose many iconic buildings as well as a strata of historical culture as efforts are ongoing to determine both the ways we can protect this portion of industrial heritage and detail the problems that emerge in efforts to reuse it.
Industrial heritage buildings and sites are seen as an important part of urban regeneration and sustainable development strategies over the last two decades for a number of reasons. Of particular ...note is the genius loci that accompanies them, but also the potential to attract artists and creative industries. In this sense, factory chimneys are a strong visual element and also an important symbol. At the same time, thanks to their distinctive proportions, they have also become an unmissable part of the urban structure of cities, in which they can assume a compositional and orienting role (a landmark), comparable with church spires or belfries with all due respect. In order to design adaptive reuse of the chimney, it is therefore necessary to place it in a context that is not only spatial but also symbolic, both in relation to its immediate surroundings and in a wider context. Often, however, the subject of the new use of the chimney is only raised when at least the material context of the chimney was irreversibly altered; in extreme situations, the chimney is the only surviving element of the original structure. However, the lost authenticity – the originality of the preserved building structure or technological flow – also opens up new meanings and other possibilities for the use of a solitary chimney in a transformed environment. The contribution introduces adaptive reuse possibilities of the industrial chimneys within the sustainable urban development, considering both industrial heritage values and specific chimney construction limits.
Global warming has increased the cooling energy consumption for the operation of built heritages, especially for industrial heritage which suffers from thermal performance deficiencies and are facing ...the dilemma of functional conversion. In order to satisfy the thermal comfort of users while preserving the value of the heritage, it is necessary to monitor the indoor environment and to analyze its impacts on thermal comfort of human beings. In present study, a cotton textile factory heritage located in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, was selected, where a long-term investigation of indoor environmental conditions as well as thermal comfort were conducted over a period of 78 days. What's more, the temperature distribution in space field was analyzed by applying CFD simulation. The obtained results show that: i) the indoor temperature fluctuates greatly and the relative humidity as well as CO2 concentration maintain at a high level, failing to provide a satisfactory indoor environment; ii) For most of the time, users report complaints about thermal discomfort, with the hottest mean thermal sensation vote (TSV) being close to warm (1.76) and the worst mean thermal comfort vote (TCV) reaching uncomfortable (−1.60); iii) The deviation between PMV and TSV demonstrates the limitations of the Fanger's model when applied in industrial heritage, and the thermal comfort perception of users are influenced by indoor humidity, CO2 concentration and outdoor temperature. The performed analyses suggest that the indoor thermal environment of industrial heritage fails to keep pace with the transformation of its nature and function. These findings will provide basic research for the retrofitting of industrial heritage.
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•The indoor environmental conditions and thermal comfort were investigated in industrial heritage, where few studies have been involved in.•Affected by poor thermal mass of envelopes, the industrial heritage fails to provide a satisfactory thermal environment for users.•Thermal sensation (TSV) shows a certain deviation from predicted mean vote (PMV), indicating the specificity of industrial heritage.•Microclimate analysis as well as thermal comfort assessment are recommended in the retrofitting process of industrial heritage.
The progressive deindustrialisation of many western cities since the 1980s has led to many industrial zones linked to port activities being abandoned or falling into disuse. Cities such as Barcelona, ...Naples, Lisbon, Amsterdam, and Hamburg have port industrial complexes of high tangible and intangible heritage value that could totally or partially disappear, resulting in an irreparable loss of their scientific, architectural, social, technological, and historical values. With that in mind, Adaptive Reuse (AR) of the built heritage allows the industrial memory of the ports to be preserved by turning them into new functional centres within the existing urban structure. That occurs in the context of the contemporary challenges of those cities, such as touristification, the circular economy and climate change, while guaranteeing the life cycle of those buildings. This article analyses two case studies—the Nederlandsche Scheepsbouw Maatschappij (NDSM) and the Rotterdamsche Droogdok Maatschappij (RDM) shipyards, both in the Netherlands—in order to contribute to the knowledge of AR of Port Industrial Heritage. They are two examples of good practices in port industrial heritage interventions, where the factors behind their acclaim can be easily highlighted. A multi-scale methodology is therefore used and tailored to the case of port industrial heritage, based on analysing previous studies of the heritage in different spheres and on different scales. A relationship matrix tool is thus defined. It enables a comparative study to be conducted, using key variables and indicators, and considering qualitative and quantitative data. That provides extensive output information for each case study, which is summarised in the most favourable factors for the success of the AR of this port industrial heritage.
This paper employs a comparative analysis to investigate the state-led use of industrial heritage in major Chinese mega-events, delving into the three cases of the Guangzhou Asian Games, the Shanghai ...Expo, and the Beijing Winter Olympics. Examining the evolving practices led by Chinese governments reveals unique pathways for industrial heritage and showcases its diverse roles in economic development and societal transformation. The three cases illustrate the nuanced dynamics between market forces and state interventions, emphasising the importance of strategic planning and long-term considerations in mega-event-induced heritage practices. Mega-events serve as catalysts for urban regeneration, allowing governments to allocate substantial resources to conserve and repurpose industrial heritage. However, the current paper contends that the sustained benefits of industrial heritage hinge on thoughtful planning for long-term economic and social sustainability, emphasising the need to constrain a focus on short-term gains through land revenue. These reflections contribute to a nuanced understanding of the intricate interplay between heritage preservation, economic development, and sustainable urban planning in the context of China’s mega-events.
•Assessment of microplastics (MPs) hotspots along a gravel-bed river.•Significant breakdown in MPs in the area of the main dams.•Major links between plastic factories, urban areas and MPs ...distribution.•Plastic assemblage greatly results from industrial heritage along the Ain River.
Understanding microplastic particles (MPs) accumulation and transport along rivers represents a major task due to the complexity and heterogeneity of rivers, and their interactions with their wider corridor. The identification of MPs hotspots and their potential sources is especially challenging in coarse-bed rivers transporting a wide range of particle sizes with a high degree of variability in time and space. This research focuses on the gravel-bed Ain River (Rhône River tributary, France) which is managed by means of various dams and also hosts one of the major plastic production centres in Europe (Oyonnax and Bienne Plastic Valleys). In this research, (i) Geographical Information Systems (GIS) were used to locate plastic factories and to characterise the land use of the Ain River watershed. (ii) On the field, sediment samples were extracted from the hyporheic zone (HZ) of mobile gravel bar heads, while hydro-sedimentary settings were measured in order to describe site conditions. Sampling sites were especially established in downwelling areas (i.e. where the surface water entered the hyporheic zone), upstream and downstream of dams and plastic factories. (iii) After density separation and organic matter digestion of sediment, MPs were characterised with a µFTIR device followed by data processing via the siMPle software. This work highlighted the trapping efficiency of alluvial bars for MPs. The highest MPs concentrations were found along the Plastic Valleys (up to 4400 MPs/kg), while the lower river was less contaminated by MPs. After grain-size correction, a significant breakpoint was identified in the area of the main dams, revealing their major influence on MPs distribution. The variability in MPs concentrations and types suggested a local origin for most of MPs. A particular feature was the dominance of polypropylene (PP) which appears as a critical industrial heritage as the studied region is specialised in the manufacturing of hard plastics. Indeed, multivariate analyses also revealed that MPs concentrations and types were mostly driven by the vicinity of plastic factories and urban areas. This relationship between the land use, the presence of dams and MPs characteristics provides key results for the MPs assessment and the improvement of management issues along coarse-bed rivers.
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A distinct rise of global interest in the role of cultural and creative industries in post-industrial urban development calls for the transformation of our industrial heritage into creative clusters. ...Despite many factories being removed in deindustrialization, some enterprises still preserve and reuse the former industrial lands. However, the inconclusive judgments on the performances of creative clusters call for an in-depth examination of the underlying mechanism of transforming dilapidated urban industrial spaces. In addition, few empirical studies have revealed the commonalities and differences of market entities employing both the top-down and bottom-up approaches during the redevelopment.
In this article, a multilevel transformation, and the consequent spatial performance in three postindustrial lands in Beijing have been examined based on big data analysis, field observation and in-depth interviews. We reached three conclusions. First, in addition to the angle of participatory planning, the deep exploration of specific market entities as an intermediate joint among different parties in protecting and reusing the postindustrial lands uncovers a distinct perspective of urban revitalization. Second, the finding of the enterprises' role in mitigating the conflicts between bottom-up and top-down approaches further testifies to a less-dichotomous perspective in urban regeneration studies. Last, though the examination of the multilevel transformation mechanism reflecting the difference between state and nonstate enterprises in property-led management, a generic paradigm behind the trend of relying on enterprises in revitalizing the large-scale postindustrial lands is revealed.
•The hygrothermal properties of an early 20th century clay brick are experimentally characterized.•The measured properties show the interesting hygrothermal performance of the material.•The ...temperature-dependent sorption mechanisms are characterized and modelled.
This paper deals with the experimental hygrothermal characterization of an early 20th century clay brick, representative of historical industrial buildings in eastern France. The renovation and adaptive reuse of industrial heritage buildings require accurate knowledge of the properties of these existing buildings envelopes, for which few data are available in literature. Hence, for example, the application of the French Thermal Regulation to existing old buildings can lead to unexpected damages, like brick spalling due to freeze–thaw phenomenon if a poorly suited additional interior insulation layer is installed. Despite its hygrothermal advantages, external insulation must be avoided for aesthetic and historical values of heritage buildings and it is often prohibited by city codes or historic building preservation regulations. In this context and as literature is scarce, it is relevant to deepen the knowledge of this ancient material in order to better understand the hygrothermal behaviour of old industrial buildings to better preserve them. As a first step towards this goal, the main objective of this paper is to give new data about the hygrothermal properties of an early 20th century brick from eastern France. A comparison between models and measured experimental data is also proposed. In particular, the temperature-dependent hysteretic sorption phenomenon, which occurs in brick, is experimentally and numerically investigated.
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